scholarly journals Occipital Bone Cyst Causing Lower Cranial Nerve Palsies

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Banna ◽  
W. G. Bradley ◽  
R. M. Kalbag ◽  
B. E. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Occipital Bone ◽  
Unicameral Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Cysts ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Tubular Bones

SummaryA 20-year-old girl presented with neck and occipital pain for six weeks, which was found to be due to a unicameral bone cyst of the left occipital condylar region.Although there have been very few reports of simple bone cysts in bones than the long tubular bones, it appears that the present case is probably the first report of such a lesion occurring in the skull.

scholarly journals Lower Cranial Nerve Palsies in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A 10-Case Series of Intensive Care Unit Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Pierre Decavel ◽  
Olympe Nahmias ◽  
Carine Petit ◽  
Laurent Tatu
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cranial Neuropathy ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> A number of neurological complications of COVID-19 have been identified, including cranial nerve paralyses. We present a series of 10 patients with lower cranial nerve involvement after severe COVID-19 infection requiring hospitalization in an intensive care unit. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a retrospective, observational study of patients admitted to the post-intensive care unit (p-ICU) of Besançon University Hospital (France) between March 16 and May 22, 2020. We included patients with confirmed COVID-19 and cranial neuropathy at admission to the p-ICU. All these patients were treated by orotracheal intubation, and all but one underwent prone-position ventilation therapy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 88 patients admitted to the p-ICU, 10 patients (11%) presented at least 1 cranial nerve palsy. Of these 10 patients, 9 had a hypoglossal nerve palsy and 8 of these also had a deficit in another cranial nerve. The most frequent association was between hypoglossal and vagal palsies (5 patients). None of the patients developed neurological signs related to a global neuropathy. We found no correlation between the intensity of the motor limb weakness and the occurrence of lower cranial nerve palsies. All but 2 of the patients recovered within less than a month. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The mechanical compressive hypothesis, linked to the prone-position ventilation therapy, appears to be the major factor. The direct toxicity of SARS-CoV-2 and the context of immune dysfunction induced by the virus may be involved in a multifactorial etiology.

scholarly journals Micro-neurosurgical excision of dumbbell shaped very large jugular foramen schwannoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Forhad H Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammod R Haque ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Cervical Approach ◽  
High Cervical

Introduction: Jugular foramen tumor is a rare tumor. Jugular foramen schwannoma is rarer. This type of tumor may present in combination of different cranial nerve palsies in the form of different syndromes or may also be diagnosed incidentally. Management of such tumor is not straight forward.Case reports: Two young male presented with headache, vomiting, gait instability, right sided hearing loss. Clinically they had different cranial nerves dysfunction. Imaging showed jugular foramen tumor extending from posterior fossa to almost common carotid bifurcation at neck in both cases. Near total microsurgical excisions of the tumor were done through retrosigmoid suboccipital plus transmastoid high cervical approach with facial nerve mobilization in one case and without mobilization in other case. In case 1 combination of lower cranial nerve palsies is unique with inclusion of VIII nerve and that does not belong to any of the jugular foramen syndromes (i.e. Vernet, Collet- Sicard, Villaret, Tapia, Schmidt, and Jackson). Here IX, X, XI, XII and VIII cranial palsies was present (i.e.Collet-Sicard syndrome plus VIII nerve syndrome!). In the second case there was IX & X dysfunction with VIII dysfunction. We also went through the short review of the literature here DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v18i2.12015 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 18(2): 183-192

Two-year-old girl with cervicomedullary junction stenosis and an unknown type of skeletal dysplasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-202
Author(s):  
Samuel Henry Cheshier ◽  
Mohammad Yashar Sorena Kalani ◽  
Arjun Pendakaur ◽  
Dominique Higgins ◽  
David Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Dysplasia ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Occipital Bone ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Unknown Type ◽  
Cervicomedullary Junction ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve Palsy

The authors present a novel case of skeletal dysplasia in a 2.8-year-old girl. The patient presented with progressive lower cranial nerve palsy and myelopathy due to constriction at the cervicomedullary junction caused by overgrowth of the occipital bone of the foramen magnum and the C-1. She also had prominent bone overgrowth of the superior orbital ridges, resulting in excessive stretching of periorbital skin and an inability to fully close her eyes.

Skull base infection presenting with multiple lower cranial nerve palsies

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Patmore ◽  
Ala Jebreel ◽  
Sandeep Uppal ◽  
Chris H. Raine ◽  
Paul McWhinney
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies

Electrophysiologic Investigation of Lower Cranial Nerve Diseases by Means of Magnetically Stimulated Neuromyography of the Larynx

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter F. Thumfart ◽  
Patrick Zorowka ◽  
Claus Pototschnig ◽  
Hans E. Eckel
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Investigation ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Intracranial Stimulation ◽  
Recurrent Nerve ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Laryngeal Muscles ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies

Zoom endoscopic electromyography of the larynx, as introduced in 1979, has contributed greatly to the diagnosis of lower cranial nerve palsies, but in the early stage of a vagus nerve disorder one cannot investigate the nerve conduction from the brain stem to the laryngeal muscles with electrical stimulation. As with the early diagnosis of facial nerve palsies, up to now the intracranial part of the motoric brain nerves could not be stimulated directly. With a new magnetic coil device (Novametrix, Magstim 200) this intracranial stimulation is easily possible in the awake patient with painless magnetic stimuli that induce a muscle action potential into the laryngeal muscles. Hence, an immediate diagnosis is possible. Two coils with mean diameters of 8.5 or 3 cm were used. The stimulator delivered current pulses of peak amplitude up to 5,000 A with rise times of 140 microseconds and 65 microseconds, respectively, that generated peak fields of up to 2 T. In a healthy population, cisternal stimulation of the vagus nerve leads to a muscular response in the vocal muscle after 4 to 6.6 milliseconds (mean 5 milliseconds). Cortical stimulation leads to such a response after 9.5 to 12 milliseconds. Potentials in healthy individuals have been shown to be very uniform. Stimulation in recurrent nerve palsies may show prolongation of these latencies up to 30 milliseconds. The method is limited by the fact that complete neural blocks cannot be overcome by proximal stimulation. We have applied magnetic stimulation to 190 patients with different disorders of the vagus nerve. It allows a differential diagnosis of palsies immediately after their onset, and is thus the first method to make such an early investigation possible.

scholarly journals Lower cranial nerve palsies due to internal carotid dissection.

Stroke ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1561-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Waespe ◽  
J Niesper ◽  
H G Imhof ◽  
A Valavanis
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Carotid Dissection ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies
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