scholarly journals Account of the Progress of the Geological Survey in Scotland, illustrated by Maps and Sections

1866 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
Archibald Geikie
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The United Kingdom

The object of the Geological Survey is to ascertain in detail the geological structure of the United Kingdom, and to publish the results in maps, sections, and descriptive memoirs. The Ordnance maps form the groundwork on which these geological investigations proceed; and as no district is examined until these maps are ready, the progress of the Geological Survey is guided in no small degree by that of the Ordnance engineers. In Scotland, the geological mapping has hitherto been conducted wholly upon the county maps on the scale of six inches to a mile, and the advantages of so large a scale are such, that although the work is finally reduced and published on the scale of one inch to a mile, no county is surveyed until its six-inch maps are ready for use.

scholarly journals I.—Trogontherium from a Pleistocene Deposit in the Thames Valley

1902 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Newton
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Incisor Tooth ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Charles Lyell ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sandy Deposit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pleistocene Deposit

The history of this gigantic rodent began to be written in 1809, when M. Gothelf Fischer described a skull from a sandy deposit on the borders of the Sea of Azof, to which he gave the name of Trogontherium. Since then, at varying intervals, to the present time, new chapters have been added to this history by both Continental and British workers, describing specimens of a more or less fragmentary character which have from time to time been discovered. The English specimens have been chiefly obtained from the ‘Cromer Forest Bed,’ that rich and remarkable series of beds occupying a position in time between the Crags and the Glacial deposits of East Anglia. The ‘Forest Bed’ specimens were first made known by Sir Charles Lyell in 1840, but were more fully described by Sir R. Owen in 1846 and referred to Fischer's Trogontherium Cuvieri. It will not be necessary at this time to refer specifically to each of the additions to our knowledge of this animal or to detail the varying opinions as to affinities and nomenclature, as these particulars will be found in the Memoirs of the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom. Although most of the British specimens of Trogontherium Cuvieri have been found in the ‘Cromer Forest Bed’ a few examples have been met with in the Norwich and Weybourn Crags. The smaller species, which has been called T. minus, was obtained from the nodule bed below the Red Crag of Felixstowe, and an incisor tooth from the Norwich Crag was referred to the same species.

Walcot Gibson 1864-1941

1943 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 271-275
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Information ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
The One

Walcot Gibson was born at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, on 24 August 1864. His father was a bank manager from the north country and his mother was Cornish, and they had three sons and one daughter. Gibson was educated at the Bromsgrove School and about 1882 went to Mason College, Birmingham, now the University of Birmingham. Charles Lapworth who had distinguished himself by his great researches in the south of Scotland had just been appointed to the chair of Geology at Mason College and thirty-one years later (1913) he records that Gibson was his first geological pupil. His interest in geology and geological mapping was developed by intimate contact with Lapworth and was sustained by a coterie of ardent amateur geologists, among them Joseph Landon, Fred Cullis and C. J. Gilbert. This period clearly determined Gibson’s choice of a career. After a course at the Royal College of Science he set out in 1889 on Lapworth’s advice for South Africa where he was engaged for two years on mineral surveys in the Rand goldfields and elsewhere. From there he moved to East Africa where he was engaged for another two years on mineral surveys for the East Africa Company. He returned to this country an experienced geologist and surveyor and in 1893 he joined H.M. Geological Survey in which service he remained for thirty-two years until his retirement in 1925. This was an important period in the history of the Geological Survey for owing to strong representations that the old Survey had become obsolete both in topography and geology, the House of Commons in 1891 sanctioned a resurvey of the great South Wales Coalfield on the scale of six inches to the mile. The first mapping of that field initiated by Logan and de la Beche was on the one-inch scale and was completed about 1845, the year in which the Geological Survey was transferred from the Board of Ordnance. The enormous developments which had taken place since the original survey had far outstripped the knowledge of the geological structure of the field and new information had become urgently necessary.

scholarly journals William Whiteman Carlton Topley, 1886 - 1944

1944 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 698-712
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Coronary Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Obituary Notice

William Whiteman Carlton Topley, the eldest of the three sons (the other children, two, died young) of William Henry and Mary Ann Morland Topley was born in Lewisham on 19 January 1886. Topley’s father, who died suddenly in 1916 from coronary disease, at the age of sixty-three was a man of wide intellectual interests and Topley’s uncle, William Topley (1841-1894) was elected into this Society in 1888. William Topley entered the Royal School of Mines in 1858 and was appointed an assistant geologist on the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom in 1862. According to the obituary notice ( Proc. Roy. Soc. 59, lxx (1896)) his early memoir ‘On the superficial deposits of the Medway, with remarks on the denudation of the Weald’, published in 1865, ‘did much towards settling a long debated point in geological speculation’.

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