A Review of Common Sleep Disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen C. Richert ◽  
Alp Sinan Baran
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
The Core ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

AbstractWhat should clinicians know about sleep disorders? This article briefly introduces the reader to sleep medicine and succinctly reviews common sleep disorders. First, the authors describe the diagnostic tools unique to sleep medicine: the over-night polysomnogram and the multiple sleep latency test. Next, the authors review essential features of a subset of the sleep, described in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Revised, that sleep disorder specialists commonly evaluate, diagnose, and treat. The disorders reviewed include the intrinsic and circadian rhythm subsets of the dyssomnias group and the parasomnia group of sleep disorders. The authors identify the core signs and symptoms, polysomnogram findings, multiple sleep latency test findings, and treatment of these disorders.

Assessment of Sleep and Sleep Disorders

2009 ◽  
pp. 697-722
Author(s):  
Michael H. Silber ◽  
Cameron D. Harris ◽  
Peter J. Hauri
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Portable Monitoring ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Physiologic Parameters ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

This chapter reviews the techniques that are available to study sleep and disorders that may occur during sleep. Multiple physiologic parameters can be assessed using one or a combination of polysomnography, multiple sleep latency or maintenance of wakefulness tests, actigraphy, and portable monitoring. The use of these tests is helpful to not only identify different stages of sleep, but to assess sleep disorders, such as abnormal movements in sleep and disorders manifesting with excess somnolence. The field of Sleep Medicine and the associated sleep neurophysiology continues to grow and expand our understanding of sleep-related disorders.

Assessment of Sleep and Sleep Disorders

2016 ◽  
pp. 747-772
Author(s):  
Michael H. Silber ◽  
Cameron D. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Portable Monitoring ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

This chapter reviews the techniques that are available to study sleep as well as disorders that may occur during sleep. Multiple physiological parameters can be assessed using one or a combination of polysomnography, multiple sleep latency, or maintenance of wakefulness tests, as well as actigraphy and portable monitoring. The use of these tests is helpful to not only identify different stages of sleep, but to assess sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, other disorders manifesting with excessive somnolence, and parasomnias. The field of sleep medicine and the associated sleep neurophysiology continues to grow and expand our understanding of sleep-related disorders.

scholarly journals 1253 Multiple sleep onset REM episodes in middle age woman with excessive daytime sleepiness – Is this automatically assumed narcolepsy?

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A477-A477
Author(s):  
Kamal Patel ◽  
Bianca J Lang
Keyword(s):  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency Test ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

Abstract Introduction Presence of sleep onset REM episodes often raises concerns of narcolepsy. However other conditions have shown to have presence of sleep on REM episodes which include but not limited to obstructive sleep apnea, sleep wake schedule disturbance, alcoholism, neurodegenerative disorders, depression and anxiety Report of Case Here we present a case of 30 year old female with history of asthma, patent foraman ovale, migraine headache, and anxiety who presented with daytime sleepiness, falling asleep while at work, occasional scheduled naps, non-restorative sleep, sleep paralysis, and hypnopompic hallucination. Pertinent physical exam included; mallampati score of 4/4, retrognathia, high arched hard palate, crowded posterior oropharynx. She had a score of 16 on Epworth sleepiness scale. Patient previously had multiple sleep latency test at outside facility which revealed 4/5 SOREM, with mean sleep onset latency of 11.5 minutes. She however was diagnosed with narcolepsy and tried on modafinil which she failed to tolerate. She was tried on sertraline as well which was discontinued due to lack of benefit. She had repeat multiple sleep latency test work up which revealed 2/5 SOREM, with mean sleep onset latency was 13.1 minutes. Her overnight polysomnogram prior to repeat MSLT showed SOREM with sleep onset latency of 10 minutes. Actigraphy showed consistent sleep pattern overall with sufficient sleep time but was taking hydroxyzine and herbal medication. Patient did not meet criteria for hypersomnolence disorder and sleep disordered breathing. Conclusion There is possibility her medication may have played pivotal role with her daytime symptoms. We also emphasize SOREMs can be present in other disorders such as anxiety in this case and not solely in narcolepsy

Integrative Sleep Medicine

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Many

Sleep is one of the key underpinnings of human health, yet sleep disturbances and impaired sleep are rampant in modern life. Healthy sleep is a whole-body process impacted by circadian rhythm, daily activities, and emotional well-being, among others. When properly aligned, these work in concert to produce restorative and refreshing sleep. When not in balance, however, sleep disorders result. Yet too often, the approach to treatment of sleep disorders is compartmentalized, failing to recognize all of the complex interactions that are involved. This text offers a comprehensive approach to sleep and sleep disorders by delineating the many factors that interplay into healthy sleep. Health care providers can learn how to better manage their patients with sleep disorders by integrating complementary and conventional approaches. Using an evidence-based approach throughout, this book describes the basics of normal sleep then delves into the foundations of integrative sleep medicine, including the circadian rhythm, mind/body-sleep connection, light, dreaming, the gastrointestinal system, and botanicals/supplements. Specific sleep issues and disorders are then addressed from an integrative perspective, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep related movement disorders, and parasomnias.

scholarly journals Introduction to Sleep Testing

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-80
Author(s):  
Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer ◽  
Madeleine Grigg-Damberger ◽  
Reena Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency Test ◽  
Sleep Laboratory ◽  
Maintenance Of Wakefulness Test ◽  
Home Sleep Apnea Testing ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency ◽  
Apnea Testing

This chapter provides an overview of sleep testing performed inside or outside the sleep laboratory. The chapter reviews the classification of sleep studies and methodology of in-lab polysomnography and home sleep apnea testing. Specifically, the indications for and relative contraindications and limitations of both procedures are discussed. Positive airway pressure (PAP) titration procedures are reviewed and the PAP-NAP, an abbreviated daytime study for patients with sleep apnea and PAP intolerance or hesitancy, is described. The authors also discuss the methodology of, indications for, and interpretation of the multiple sleep latency test and the maintenance of wakefulness test, which are daytime studies performed to evaluate excessive daytime sleepiness. Finally, the role of actigraphy in the evaluation of sleep disorders is discussed.

scholarly journals Periodic hypersomnia, congenital ectodermal disorders and multiple exostosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Reimão ◽  
Aron Diament
Keyword(s):  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency Test ◽  
Incontinentia Pigmenti ◽  
Congenital Disorders ◽  
Hereditary Multiple Exostosis ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency

A case of periodic hypersomnia in an 11-year-old female with the unique features of mental deficiency, incontinentia pigmenti, acanthosis nigricans and hereditary multiple exostosis (diaphysial aclasis) is reported. The clinical, Polysomnographic and Multiple Sleep Latency test features of this case with a follow up of seven years are consistent with a diagnosis of periodic (intermittent) excessive somnolence. The unique presentation, however, does differ from Kleine-Levin syndrome and suggests a relationship between the predominantly ectodermal, congenital disorders and the sleep-wake, pattern dysfunction.

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