Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) can characterize intriguing nanoparticle properties towards solid-state nanodevices.
By means of scanning-free GEXRF the size and shapes of nanoparticles on the top of a substrate can accurately be differentiated.
This work discusses prominent advantages and advances in single-nanoparticle characterization and synthesis, and gives an outlook on particle-based biomedical diagnosis.