scholarly journals Photometric Structure and Star Formation in Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S235) ◽  
pp. 327-327
Author(s):  
P. Papaderos
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Formation History ◽  
Low Surface Brightness ◽  
Low Mass

The star-formation history and chemodynamical evolution of Blue Compact Dwarf (BCD) galaxies are central issues in dwarf galaxy research. In spite of being old in their vast majority, BCDs resemble in many aspects unevolved low-mass galaxies in the early universe. They are gas-rich (Hi mass fraction of typically > 30%) and metal-deficient (7.1 $\la$ 12+log(O/H) $\la$ 8.3) extragalactic systems, undergoing intense star-forming (SF) activity within an underlying low-surface brightness (LSB) host galaxy.

scholarly journals The dwarf galaxy population as revealed by ALFALFA

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S344) ◽  
pp. 464-467
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. K. Adams ◽  
Catherine Ball ◽  
John M. Cannon ◽  
Martha P. Haynes ◽  
Alec Hirschauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Optical Counterpart ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Low Surface Brightness ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Galaxy Population ◽  
Optical Surveys

AbstractThe combination of sensitivity and large sky coverage of the ALFALFA HI survey has enabled the detection of difficult to observe low mass galaxies in large numbers, including dwarf galaxies overlooked in optical surveys. Three different, but connected, studies of dwarf galaxies from the ALFALFA survey are of particular interest: SHIELD (Survey of HI in Extremely Low-mass Dwarfs), candidate gas-rich ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, and the (Almost) Dark population. SHIELD is a systematic multiwavelength study of all dwarf galaxies from ALFALFA with MHI < 107.2M⊙ and clear optical counterparts. Candidate gas-rich ultra-faint dwarf galaxies extend the dwarf galaxy population to even lower masses. These galaxies are identified as isolated HI clouds with no discernible optical counterpart but subsequent observations reveal that some are extremely faint, gas-dominated galaxies. Leo P, discovered first as an HI detection, and then found to be an actively star-forming galaxy, bridges the gap between these candidate galaxies and the SHIELD sample. The (Almost) Dark sample consists of galaxies whose optical counterparts are overlooked in current optical surveys but which are clear detections in ALFALFA. This sample includes field gas-rich ultra-diffuse galaxies. Coma P, with a peak surface brightness of only ∼26.4 mag arcsec−2 in g’, demonstrates the sort of extreme low surface brightness galaxy that can be discovered in an HI survey.

scholarly journals Gas-rich LSB Galaxies – Progenitors of Blue Compact Dwarfs?

1999 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Salzer ◽  
Stuart A. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Central Mass ◽  
Galaxy Distribution ◽  
Low Surface Brightness ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Lsb Galaxies

AbstractWe analyze deep CCD images of nearby Blue Compact Dwarf (BCD) galaxies in an attempt to understand the nature of the progenitors which are hosting the current burst of star formation. In particular, we ask whether BCDs are hosted by normal or low-surface-brightness dI galaxies. We conclude that BCDs are in fact hosted by gas-rich galaxies which populate the extreme high-central-mass-density end of the dwarf galaxy distribution. Such galaxies are predisposed to having numerous strong bursts of star formation in their central regions. In this picture, BCDs can only occur in the minority of dwarf galaxies, rather than being a common phase experienced by all gas-rich dwarfs.

scholarly journals Dwarf Galaxies: From the Epoch of Peak Star Formation to the Epoch of Reionization

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S344) ◽  
pp. 429-436
Author(s):  
Hakim Atek
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Dark Matter Halos ◽  
Galaxy Surveys ◽  
Formation History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Mass

AbstractDwarf galaxies represent the dominant population at high redshift and they most likely contributed in great part to star formation history of the Universe and cosmic reionization. The importance of dwarf galaxies at high redshift has been mostly recognized in the last decade due to large progress in observing facilities allowing deep galaxy surveys to identify low-mass galaxies. This population appear to have extreme emission lines and ionizing properties that challenge stellar population models. Star formation follows a stochastic process in these galaxies, which has important implication on the ionizing photon production and its escape fraction whose measurements are challenging for both simulations and observations. Outstanding questions include: what are the physical properties at the origin of such extreme properties? What are the smallest dark matter halos that host star formation? Are dwarf galaxies responsible for cosmic reionization?

scholarly journals Star formation at the edge of the Local Group: a rising star formation history in the isolated galaxy WLM

2019 ◽  
Vol 490 (4) ◽  
pp. 5538-5550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saundra M Albers ◽  
Daniel R Weisz ◽  
Andrew A Cole ◽  
Andrew E Dolphin ◽  
Evan D Skillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Local Group ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Stellar Feedback ◽  
Formation History

ABSTRACT We present the star formation history (SFH) of the isolated (D ∼ 970 kpc) Local Group dwarf galaxy Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM) measured from colour–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) constructed from deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging. Our observations include a central ($0.5 \, r_h$) and outer field ($0.7 \, r_h$) that reach below the oldest main-sequence turn-off. WLM has no early dominant episode of star formation: 20 per cent of its stellar mass formed by ∼12.5 Gyr ago ($z$ ∼ 5). It also has an SFR that rises to the present with 50 per cent of the stellar mass within the most recent 5 Gyr ($z$ &lt; 0.7). There is evidence of a strong age gradient: the mean age of the outer field is 5 Gyr older than the inner field despite being only 0.4 kpc apart. Some models suggest such steep gradients are associated with strong stellar feedback and dark-matter core creation. The SFHs of real isolated dwarf galaxies and those from the Feedback in Realistic Environment suite are in good agreement for M⋆($z$ = 0) ∼ 107–109M⊙, but in worse agreement at lower masses ($M_{\star }(z=0) \sim 10^5\!-\!10^7 \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$). These differences may be explainable by systematics in the models (e.g. reionization model) and/or observations (HST field placement). We suggest that a coordinated effort to get deep CMDs between HST/JWST (crowded central fields) and WFIRST (wide-area halo coverage) is the optimal path for measuring global SFHs of isolated dwarf galaxies.

scholarly journals IMF-induced intrinsic uncertainties on measuring galaxy distances based on the number of giant stars: the case of the ultradiffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2

2021 ◽  
Vol 504 (2) ◽  
pp. 1668-1675
Author(s):  
Akram Hasani Zonoozi ◽  
Hosein Haghi ◽  
Pavel Kroupa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Distance Estimation ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Giant Stars ◽  
Formation History ◽  
Low Surface Brightness ◽  
Brightness Fluctuation ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Natural Result ◽  
Mass Functions

ABSTRACT The surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) technique is one of the distance measurement methods that has been applied on the low surface brightness (LSB) galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 yielding a distance of about 20 Mpc implying it to be a dark matter deficient galaxy. We assume the number of giant stars above a given luminosity threshold to represent the SBF magnitude. The SBF magnitude depends on the distance, but this is degenerate with the star formation history (SFH). Using a stellar population synthesis model, we calculate the number of giant stars for stellar populations with different galaxy-wide stellar initial mass functions (gwIMFs), ages, metallicities, and SFHs. If the gwIMF is the invariant canonical IMF, the 1σ (3σ) uncertainty in colour allows a distance as low as 12 Mpc (8 Mpc). If instead the true underlying gwIMF is the integrated galaxy-wide IMF (IGIMF) then overestimating distances for low-mass galaxies would be a natural result, allowing NGC 1052-DF2 to have a distance of 11 Mpc within the 1σ colour uncertainty. Finally, we show that our main conclusion on the existence of a bias in the SBF distance estimation is not much affected by changing the luminosity lower limit for counting giant stars.

scholarly journals The Halos and Environments of Nearby Galaxies (HERON) Survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (S321) ◽  
pp. 186-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael Rich ◽  
Noah Brosch ◽  
James Bullock ◽  
Andreas Burkert ◽  
Michelle Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Tidal Disruption ◽  
Local Volume ◽  
Low Surface Brightness ◽  
Nearby Galaxies

AbstractWe have used dedicated 0.7m telescopes in California and Israel to image the halos of ~ 200 galaxies in the Local Volume to 29 mag/sq arcsec, the sample mainly drawn from the 2MASS Large Galaxy Atlas (LGA). We supplement the LGA sample with dwarf galaxies and more distant giant ellipticals. Low surface brightness halos exceeding 50 kpc in diameter are found only in galaxies more luminous than L*, and classic interaction signatures are relatively infrequent. Halo diameter is correlated with total galaxy luminosity. Extended low surface brightness halos are present even in galaxies as faint as MV = - 18. Edge-on galaxies with boxy bulges tend to lack extended spheroidal halos, while those with large classical bulges exhibit extended round halos, supporting the notions that boxy or barlike bulges originate from disks. Most face-on spiral galaxies present features that appear to be irregular extensions of spiral arms, although rare cases show smooth boundaries with no sign of star formation. Although we serendipitously discovered a dwarf galaxy undergoing tidal disruption in the halo of NGC 4449, we found no comparable examples in our general survey. A search for similar examples in the Local Volume identified hcc087, a tidally disrupting dwarf galaxy in the Hercules Cluster, but we do not confirm an anomalously large half-light radius reported for the dwarf VCC 1661.

scholarly journals Recovering the ages and metallicities of stars of a complex stellar population system

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S258) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Sebastian L. Hidalgo ◽  
Antonio Aparicio ◽  
Carme Gallart
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Stellar Population ◽  
Local Group ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Population System ◽  
Formation History ◽  
Magnitude Diagram

AbstractWe present a new method to solve for the star-formation history (SFH) of a complex stellar population system from the analysis of the color-magnitude diagram (CMD). The SFH is obtained in four steps: i) computing a synthetic CMD, ii) simulating observational effects, iii) parameterization and sampling of the synthetic and observed CMDs, and iv) solving and averaging the solutions. The consistency and stability of the method have been tested using a mock stellar population.The method has been used to solve the SFH of a set of six isolated Local Group dwarf galaxies observed with HST. The main goal is to probe the effects of cosmological processes, such as reionization in the early star formation, or the ability of SNe feedback to remove gas in small halos, in dwarf galaxies free from environmental effects due to the strong interaction with the host galaxy.

scholarly journals The major merger origin of the Andromeda II kinematics

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S344) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Ivana Ebrová ◽  
Ewa L. Łokas ◽  
Sylvain Fouquet ◽  
Andrés del Pino
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Dwarf Galaxy ◽  
Equal Mass ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Tidal Forces ◽  
Radial Orbit ◽  
Major Merger

AbstractProlate rotation (i.e. rotation around the long axis) has been reported for two Local Group dwarf galaxies: Andromeda II, a dwarf spheroidal satellite of M31, and Phoenix, a transition type dwarf galaxy. The prolate rotation may be an exceptional indicator of a past major merger between dwarf galaxies. We showed that this type of rotation cannot be obtained in the tidal stirring scenario, in which the satellite is transformed from disky to spheroidal by tidal forces of the host galaxy. However, we successfully reproduced the observed Andromeda II kinematics in controlled, self-consistent simulations of mergers between equal-mass disky dwarf galaxies on a radial or close-to-radial orbit. In simulations including gas dynamics, star formation and ram pressure stripping, we are able to reproduce more of the observed properties of Andromeda II: the unusual rotation, the bimodal star formation history and the spatial distribution of the two stellar populations, as well as the lack of gas. We support this scenario by demonstrating the merger origin of prolate rotation in the cosmological context for sufficiently resolved galaxies in the Illustris large-scale cosmological hydrodynamical simulation.

The Episodic Star Formation History of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hoon Kim ◽  
Stacy S. McGaugh ◽  
Victor P. Debattista ◽  
C. C. Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Formation History ◽  
Low Surface Brightness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Surface Brightness Galaxies

scholarly journals Dissecting the stellar content of Leo I: A dwarf irregular caught in transition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ruiz-Lara ◽  
C Gallart ◽  
M Monelli ◽  
T K Fritz ◽  
G Battaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Star Formation History ◽  
Stellar Content ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Formation History ◽  
Low Metallicity ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Gaseous Star

Abstract Leo I is considered one of the youngest dwarf spheroidals (dSph) in the Local Group. Its isolation, extended star formation history (SFH), and recent perigalacticon passage (∼1 Gyr ago) make Leo I one of the most interesting nearby stellar systems. Here, we analyse deep photometric Hubble Space Telescope data via colour-magnitude diagram fitting techniques to study its global and radially-resolved SFH. We find global star formation enhancements in Leo I ∼13, 5.5, 2.0, and 1.0 Gyr ago, after which it was substantially quenched. Within the context of previous works focused on Leo I, we interpret the most ancient and the youngest ones as being linked to an early formation (surviving reionisation) and the latest perigalacticon passage (transition from dIrr to dSph), respectively. We clearly identify the presence of very metal poor stars ([Fe/H] ∼ −2) ageing ∼5–6 and ∼13 Gyr old. We speculate with the possibility that this metal-poor population in Leo I is related to the merging with a low mass system (possibly an ultra-faint dwarf). This event would have triggered star formation (peak of star formation ∼5.5 Gyr ago) and accumulated old, metal poor stars from the accreted system in Leo I. Some of the stars born during this event would also form from accreted gas of low-metallicity (giving rise to the 5-6 Gyr low-metallicity tail). Given the intensity and extension of the 2.0 Gyr burst, we hypothesise that this enhancement could also have an external origin. Despite the quenching of star formation around 1 Gyr ago (most probably induced by ram pressure stripping with the Milky Way halo at pericentre), we report the existence of stars as young as 300-500 Myr. We also distinguish two clear spatial regions: the inner ∼190 pc presents an homogeneous stellar content (size of the gaseous star forming disc in Leo I from ∼4.5 to 1 Gyr ago), whereas the outer regions display a clear positive age gradient.

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