Towards a mathematical theory of behavioral human crowds

The first part of our paper presents a general survey on the modeling, analytic problems, and applications of the dynamics of human crowds, where the specific features of living systems are taken into account in the modeling approach. This critical analysis leads to the second part which is devoted to research perspectives on modeling, analytic problems, multiscale topics which are followed by hints towards possible achievements. Perspectives include the modeling of social dynamics, multiscale problems and a detailed study of the link between crowds and swarms modeling.

THE EFFECT OF ABSTRACT AS A FORM OF EXPRESSION IN CONTEMPORARY TURKISH PAINTING

After a period of thousands of years as a form of expression in art, since the beginning of the 20th century, the forms have been simplified or changed and the images started to be interpreted differently within the space constitute the subject of this thesis. Research subjects of this article are the definition and features of the concept of space, the definition and characteristics of the concepts of abstract and abstraction, abstract painting uses space in its reflections on Contemporary Turkish painting. In contemporary Turkish painting, the abstract effects of the works of Adem Genç, Adnan Çoker, Adnan Turanî, Ahmet Dalkıran, Alaybey Karoğlu, Devrim Erbil, Hasan Pekmezci and Zafer Gençaydın are limited to examples selected for examination. While abstract and space create a common language in the works of the artists, there are differences in their way of handling the subject in terms of method and application. Qualitative research methods and techniques were used in the study based on the general survey model. The method of "literature research techniques" was used in the research process in order to obtain qualitative data. Keywords: Space, painting, abstract, abstraction, abstract art

A General Survey of Ancient Chinese History

The author reviews the first six chapters of the monograph by John S. Major and Constance Cook “Ancient China: A History” (New York, London: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group, 2017. 300 p.). The authors of the book made an attempt to briefly review the history of ancient China on the basis of a compilation of factual data from the works of the most prominent researchers of these periods in Europe and the United States. It is shown that the authors of the compilation mainly follow the Chinese historical tradition, repeating the basic information from the classical Confucian treatises of the early Imperial time. It is particularly significant that the authors make mistakes that indicate the formation of their own tradition of writing the history of China in the United States.

Analyzing the impact of Artificial Intelligence in Online business Intelligence

The replacement of traditional shopping fashion by the varied modes of online shopping in real-time. Due to traditional shopping, most of them are becoming into real feel about the merchandise whichever they buy. The merchandise features are going to be manually realized by the consumers whereas in online shopping all the consumers believe the descriptive summary of the products and therefore the various factors supported the sold historical data. Now a day’s modern shopping method is moving gradually towards hitting a greater number of consumers. Here recommendation system playing an important role in suggesting the merchandise by considering the sooner records and increasing the demand. Many of the consumers are attracted by factors like deals on an item, rating, review, and price of the merchandise. Through these factors, most of the consumers are interested in taking online shopping rather than traditional shopping methods. For suggesting the products to consumers, many sorts of recommendation algorithms are applied using machine learning and deep learning technology to coach the system automatically by observing the customer behavior patterns. But the believing factors of the merchandise are going to be forged some time; in such cases, consumers aren't satisfied with their expectations. the general survey of this paper will address the research gap and opportunities with the advice system.

A Two-Wave Study On The Associations Of Burnout With Depression And Anxiety: The Mediating And Moderating Role Of Perceived Family Support

Studies have shown strong associations between burnout and depression and burnout and anxiety but their exact interrelationships still remain unclear. Few studies have examined the psychosocial mechanisms that might underlie these two relationships. Non-work social factors such as perceived family support can affect mental health. The present study investigated the distinctiveness and the reciprocal associations between burnout and depression, and burnout and anxiety by collecting data twice over an 8 month interval. Perceived family support was examined as a mediating and a moderating factor underlying the two relationships. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, the Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale, and the Julkunen Family Support Scale were administered to employees of the general working population ( N = 52). First, our results revealed moderate associations between burnout and depression, and burnout and anxiety, supporting the distinctiveness of burnout from the two psychological phenomena. Second, the exhaustion and cynicism burnout dimensions showed reciprocal associations with depression. Moreover, anxiety was found to be a consequence of cynicism while it presented reciprocal associations with the exhaustion dimension of burnout. Perceived family support did not mediate the burnout-depression and burnout-anxiety relationships. However, it moderated the depression-exhaustion relationship in a direction opposite from our hypothesis.

Selection of Water-Saving Plants and Annual Water Consumption Estimation for Garden Green Spaces in Beijing

Currently, the number of urban garden green spaces (GGSs) being constructed in Beijing is increasing, and their high water resource demands contradict the severe water shortage situation in Beijing that is restricting urban construction and economic development. This has created an urgent need to build water-saving GGSs. This study analyzed and compared the daily/annual water consumption of 79 common plants in Beijing, and low-water-consumption (LWC) trees, shrubs and herbs were selected; additionally, the total annual water consumption (TAWC) of all plants in the built-up areas of all 16 districts in Beijing was calculated according to the result of the eighth general survey of landscaping resources in Beijing. The results are as follows: (1) fifteen LWC tree species were selected from among 25 species, and the average daily water consumption (DWC) was <1.09 kg·m−2; (2) nineteen LWC shrubs were selected from among 35 shrubs, and the average DWC was <1.17 kg·m−2; (3) eleven LWC herbs were selected from among 19 herbs, and the AWC was <460.3 kg·m−2; (4) the TAWC of all trees, shrubs and herb plants in the Beijing GGSs was 1.104 × 109, 0.139 × 109, and 0.16 × 109 m3, respectively. Based on the above results, it was estimated that the TAWC of all plants in the built-up areas of all 16 districts in Beijing is approximately 1.403 × 109 m3. These findings provide a better understanding of the water consumption of GGS plants in cities in semiarid and semihumid climates and can be used to help select LWC greening plants that can reduce water consumption when expanding green areas in cities.

THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS CONSTITUTING OF THE MAKAM CONCEPT WITH THE ANATOLIAN EDVAR TRADITION, THE THIRTY-SEVEN MAKAMS ARISING FROM HICAZ GAMUT

The Anatolian Edvar Tradition is an ecole emerging in the 15th century which views Turkish music theory as emanating from the relationships between notes, and its pedagogical approach comprises practical and brief descriptions. In this movement-based approach, the notes become melodic development (melodic shape) of the makam concept (transformative approach), aiming to explain and demonstrate performance. The research is descriptive and based on a general survey model, aiming to conduct a substantial literature review and establish determining the current state of the theory. It will describe the four basic principles of the notion of makam in the Anatolian Edvar Tradition approach, that is, düzen (gamut), centralizations which typically occur at the beginning/center note, melodic development, and resolve note/endings. Furthermore, explanations are offered with regard to the elements that make up makams, the traditional names of notes, and the approach where notes are named after the makams based on them. The emergence of makams from the Rast düzen (Rast gamut) and of different düzens from the Rast düzen are exemplified. Thirty-seven makams arising from the Hicaz düzen (Hicaz gamut) are investigated under six different makam families, and descriptions of makams drawn from historical sources are given. Based on these descriptions, basic melodic developments are formulated for each makam, and theoretical analysis of these examples is made. In conclusion, the fundamental principles and elements of the makam concept with the Anatolian Edvar Tradition are explained from an instructive perspective, and the makam descriptions, theoretical analysis method are simplified, explicated, and instantiated based on performance. Keywords: Traditional Turkish Music, Turkish Music Theory, Anatolian Edvar Tradition, Makam, Hicaz, Gamut

Reviewing the psychological resilience levels of the students studying at the faculty of sports sciences in terms of different variables

Background: Resilience is a key psychological aspect of sport. Aim: The purpose of this study was to review the psychological resilience levels of the students studying at faculty of sports sciences in terms of different variables. Methods: The study was designed in general survey model. The study population was consisted of 670 participants who attended Mus Alparslan University Faculty of Sports Sciences whereas the study sample was consisted of 398 participants. Besides; 162 of the participants were female (x̄age=21.3±1.9) and 236 were male (x̄age=22.4±3.2). In the study; “Brief Psychological Resilience Scale” –developed by Smith et al., (2008) and adapted to Turkish by Dogan (2015)- was employed as data collection tool. To analyze the data; such descriptive statistical methods as t-Test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used. Results: It was identified that participants’ psychological resilience scale scores differed statistically and significantly on behalf of male participants according to gender variable (p<0.05). Conclusion: In sum; participants’ psychological resilience levels did not differ in terms of the variables of age, academic department, general average academic grades, mother’s educational status, father’s educational status and grade (class) but it differed on behalf of male participants according to gender variable. Keywords: Physical education, psychological resilience, sports.

Burnout Comparison between Clinical and Basic Sciences Faculty of a Medical School and Evaluation of Related Factors

Objective: It has been shown that clinical practice may be a risk factor for job burnout. On the other hand, annual income may have a protective effect on job burnout. Clinical faculty in contrast to basic sciences faculty members have higher income but are involve in clinical practice. Comparison between these two groups can clarify which factors have greater influence on burnout. As a second aim for this study, reliability and validity of the Persian version of Maslach burnout inventory general survey (MBI-GS) were evaluated as well. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shiraz Medical School in Iran and a total of 241 faculty members were randomly selected and burnout was measured by the Persian version of the Maslach burnout inventory general survey (MBI-GS). Results: Comparison of burnout between the two groups indicated that clinical faculty showed significantly higher scores in the exhaustion dimension compared to the basic sciences faculty (p value = 0.017) but no significant differences were found between the two groups in other dimensions. Job satisfaction and income satisfaction were negatively correlated with exhaustion and cynicism dimensions, and job satisfaction was positively associated with professional efficacy (p value > 0.05). Internal consistency of the questionnaire was acceptable (α=0.77). Scaling success rate for discrimination and convergent validity were 100% except for convergent validity in the cynicism subscale. Correlation of all questions with their dimensions was equal to or more than 0.4 with the exception of item 13 in the cynicism subscale. Conclusion: Clinical faculty had higher burnout than basic sciences faculty especially in the exhaustion dimension. It has also been shown that income and job satisfaction are the most important factors which can predict professional burnout in medical faculty members. It is important for administrative and organizational decision makers to improve job engagement and decrease job abandonment. This study largely confirmed the 3-dimensional structure of the Persian version of MBI-GS.

The Cambridge History of Atheism

The two-volume Cambridge History of Atheism offers an authoritative and up to date account of a subject of contemporary interest. Comprised of sixty essays by an international team of scholars, this History is comprehensive in scope. The essays are written from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, including religious studies, philosophy, sociology, and classics. Offering a global overview of the subject, from antiquity to the present, the volumes examine the phenomenon of unbelief in the context of Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Hindu, and Jewish societies. They explore atheism and the early modern Scientific Revolution, as well as the development of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and its continuing implications. The History also includes general survey essays on the impact of scepticism, agnosticism and atheism, as well as contemporary assessments of thinking. Providing essential information on the nature and history of atheism, The Cambridge History of Atheism will be indispensable for both scholarship and teaching, at all levels.