IGCP 272 - Late Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic circum-Pacific events and their global correlation

IGCP 203 - Permo-Triassic events of eastern Tethys and their intercontinental correlation - focussed on the Permian-Triassic boundary sequences and in particular there was a consensus that the distinctive biological changes were associated with strong sea-level and tectonic change, strong volcanic activity and a harsh climate. These factors were connected with an important change in the environment and with the exception perhaps of the climate, reflected deep-seated changes within the earth. The project also resulted in improving the physical understanding of the sequences and their biostratigraphy and correlation.IGCP 272 was developed, and was approved in 1988, to apply these results to understanding the Late Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic and was focussed on the Pacific as integration around this region seemed to offer especially fruitful possibilities.Working group meetings up to the end of 1991 have been held in Australia (Newcastle and Hobart), New Zealand (Dunedin), South America (Sao Paulo and Buenos Aires) and North America (Washington). Meetings are planned in North America, Japan, Eastern Siberia or Thailand and western Europe (France-Spain-Austria).Special cooperation has developed with the Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic Subcommissions of IUGS and with IGCP 214 - Global Bio-events. Using the more exact time correlations developed it has now been possible to show that major geological and biological events (of different levels of significance) are associated with major boundaries already recognized in the World Standard Stratigraphical Time Scale. These comprise the Carboniferous-Permian, the mid-Permian (twofold subdivision, the Permian-Triassic (already recognized in earlier work), the Lower-Middle and Middle-Upper Triassic and the Triassic-Jurassic boundaries.A special achievement of the project has been to show the similar significance of the Midian-Dzhulfian boundary within the Upper Permian but corresponding closely to the traditional Lower-Upper Permian of China and the Middle-Upper Permian of Japan.Although there are also other events at levels which have not been investigated by the project, those outlined all seem to reflect important changes within the earth.

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Late Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic Circum-Pacific Events and their Global Correlation

10.1017/cbo9780511564413 ◽

1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

Early Mesozoic ◽

Late Palaeozoic ◽

Global Correlation

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The Benefits of Home-Based Working's Flexibility

Encyclopedia of Human Resources Information Systems ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-883-3.ch015 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 102-109

Author(s):

Diana Benito Osorio

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Middle Ages ◽

Industrial Production ◽

Western Europe ◽

Important Change ◽

Family Work ◽

Home Based ◽

White Collar Workers ◽

New Vision ◽

Oil Crisis

The history of home working in Western economies can only be understood by means of changes in the systems of production in Europe and North America and through changes in the general sphere of women’s responsibilities, which typically include family work as well as paid work (Johnson, 2003). Both new situations produce the most important change: the change in work venue. The development in industrial production has been an uneven and changing pattern, beginning with artisanal guilds of the middle ages and continuing through to industrial production in the 19th and 20th centuries (Boris, 1996). Mistakenly, the process of industrialization has often been characterized as a unidirectional shift of production from home to factory (Johnson, 2003), but the reality has been very different. The earliest forms of industrialization first appeared within the home setting (Albrecht, 1982). One of the initial impetuses for the use of home-based working arrangements among such employees was provided by the oil crisis of the 1970s which, in conjunction with advances in computer technology, led to a surge of interest in “telecommuting” among white collar workers (Niles, Carlson, Gray, & Hanneman, 1976). However, it was not until the development of personal computers and networked systems in the 1980s that home-based working arrangements experienced significant growth, growth that has been particularly pronounced among executives, managers, scientists, and engineers in large corporations (Bureau of National Affairs, 1991). This home-based working’s revival, on the early 1980s, was linked to the shift in the structure of employment and production in post-industrial economies of North America and Western Europe (Lipsig-Mummé, 1983). Years later, in the 1990s, this subject was treated again but with a new vision. While adoption of telework was slow during the 1980´s, the subsequent decade’s information revolution resulted in considerable growth in new work forms (Moss, Whitfield, Johnson, & Andrey, 2006; Robertson, 2005) The “renaissance” was interpreted as a symptom of economic restructuring that put increased pressure on domestic industries from off-shore producers (Leach, 1998).

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DICKINS, J. M., YANG ZUNYI, YIN HONGFU, LUCAS, S. G. & ACHARRYA, S. K. 1997. Late Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic Circum-Pacific Events and Their Global Correlation. World and Regional Geology Series Volume 10. ix + 245 pp. Cambridge, New York, Port Chester, Melbourne, Sydney: Cambridge University Press. Price £65.00, US $110.00 (hard covers). ISBN 0 521 47175 3.

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s001675689941177x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 136 (1) ◽

pp. 83-108

Author(s):

Mark Allen

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Cambridge University ◽

Regional Geology ◽

Early Mesozoic ◽

Late Palaeozoic ◽

Global Correlation

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A new Cambrian sphinctozoan sponge from North America, its relationship to archaeocyaths and the nature of early sphinctozoans

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756800015181 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 127 (5) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Françoise Debrenne ◽

Rachel Wood

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Early Cambrian ◽

Island Arcs ◽

Early Mesozoic ◽

Late Palaeozoic ◽

Internal Structures ◽

Juvenile Stages ◽

Calcified Sponges

AbstractA new early Cambrian sponge of sphinctozoan organization named Polythalamia americana nov. gen. et sp. is described from Nevada and Alaska, U.S.A. P. americana nov. gen. et sp. shows little resemblance to other Cambrian reported sphinctozoans, but is similar to late Palaeozoic to early Mesozoic forms from Europe and Asia, e.g. Stylothalamia and Amblysiphonella. The polyphyletic origin of sphinctozoans based upon spicule criteria from younger examples is therefore corroborated by the varied morphology and clearly widespread palaeogeographic distribution of Cambrian forms, which were hitherto recognized only from Australia. P. americana nov. gen. et sp. possesses a relatively small, globular multi-chambered calcareous skeleton, with thin but densely perforate walls and a central retrosiphonate, perforate spongocoel. The skeleton is composed of an irregular microstructure of unknown, but probable calcitic, original mineralogy. There are no spicules or primary internal structures, but secondary vesicular filling tissue is present. The pore organization, however, it directly comparable to archaeocyaths, e.g. coscinocyathines, and this character is taken to be the only synapomorphy available for taxonomic and phylogenetic purposes. Indeed, P. americana nov. gen. et sp. is closely associated with a diverse archaeocyath assemblage and draws attention to morphological similarities between some archaeocyaths and sphinctozoans, thus questioning the criteria at present used to distinguish between these groups. Accordingly, a list of nomenclatural synonymies is given to aid comparison. Coscinocyathine archaeocyaths possess chambered juvenile stages and P. americana nov. gen. et sp. is suggested to represent an aspiculate lineage of sphinctozoan grade which may be derived from forms such as Clathricoscinus by neoteny. It appears that at least three clades of sphinctozoan-grade calcified sponges were present by end of early Cambrian time and their occurrence in association with island arcs of the palaeopacific rim is confirmed.

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Archaeocyathan zonation of the Yangtze Platform: Implications for regional and global correlation of lower Cambrian stages

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756815000333 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 153 (3) ◽

pp. 388-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

AIHUA YANG ◽

MAOYAN ZHU ◽

ANDREY YU ZHURAVLEV ◽

KEXING YUAN ◽

JUNMING ZHANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

South China ◽

Siberian Platform ◽

Lower Cambrian ◽

Western Europe ◽

South Australia ◽

Yangtze Platform ◽

Global Correlation ◽

Atdabanian Stage

AbstractDetailed analysis of the distribution of archaeocyaths in five lower Cambrian sections in South China has resulted in the erection of four new archaeocyathan zones and one new archaeocyathan bed. Listed in order of ascending age, these are: theDailycyathus xiuqiensisZone; theDictyocyathus shaanxiensisZone; theSpirillicyathus duplexRange Zone; theSibirecyathus meitanensisRange Zone; and theArchaeocyathus yanjiaoensisbeds. These new subdivisions permit a correlation of lower Cambrian strata both within the area of the Yangtze Platform (South China) as well as between this region and Siberia, Australia, Western Europe and North America. Within the Yangtze Platform area, archaeocyaths of theDailycyathus xiuqiensisandDictyocyathus shaanxiensiszones co-occur with trilobites of the middle and upperEoredlichiaTrilobite Zone of the Qiongzhusian Stage. TheSpirillicyathus duplexand theSibirecyathus meitanensisRange Zone correspond to theMalungia, Yiliangella–YunnanaspisandDrepanuroidesTrilobite zones of the basal and middle Canglangpuan Stage, respectively. Finally, theArchaeocyathus yanjiaoensisbeds belong to thePalaeolenus fengyangensisTrilobite Zone of the upper Canglangpuan Stage. Global correlations based on archaeocyath assemblage zones suggest that: (1) the middle–upper Qiongzhusian of South China correlates with the middle Atdabanian Stage of the Siberian Platform, theWarriootacyathus wilkawillinensisArchaeocyath Zone in South Australia, the middle Issendalenian Stage of Morocco and the lower Ovetian Stage in Spain; (2) the lowermost Canglangpuan Stage of South China correlates with the uppermost Atdabanian of the Siberian Platform, theSpirillicyathus tenuis – Jugalicyathus tardusarchaeocyath zones in South Australia, the uppermost Issendalenian – lower Banian stages of Morocco, the middle Ovetian Stage of Spain and the middle Montezuman Stage of North America; (3) the middle Canglangpuan Stage approximates the lowermost Botoman Stage of the Siberian Platform, middle Banian Stage of Morocco, the uppermost Ovetian – lowermost Marianian stages of Spain and the upper Montezuman Stage of North America; (4) the uppermost Canglangpuan Stage is equivalent of the middle Toyonian Stage of the Siberian Platform,Archaeocyathus abacusbeds in Australia, the middle Bilbilian Stage in Spain and the middle Dyeran Stage (Bolbolenellus eurypariaTrilobite Zone) in North America.

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