AbstractSingle-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been modified with ester groups using typical organic radical chemistry. Consequently, traps for mobile excitons have been created, which enhanced the optical properties of the material. The proposed methodology combines the benefits of mainstream approaches to create luminescent defects in SWCNTs while it simultaneously avoids their limitations. A step change was achieved when the aqueous medium was abandoned. The selection of an appropriate organic solvent enabled much more facile modification of SWCNTs. The presented technique is quick and versatile as it can engage numerous reactants to tune the light emission capabilities of SWCNTs. Importantly, it can also utilize SWCNTs sorted by chirality using conjugated polymers to enhance their light emission capabilities. Such differentiation is conducted in organic solvents, so monochiral SWCNT can be directly functionalized using the demonstrated concept in the same medium without the need to redisperse the material in water.
In vivo biosensing via tissue-localizable near-infrared-fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes
