Magnetic Fe3O4/cellulose microspheres with mean diameter of 100 μm were prepared by sol-gel transition method using ionic liquids (AmimCl) as solvent for cellulose dissolution and regeneration. Their structure , properties and morphology were analysed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating-sample magnetometer. The results indicated that the synthesized microspheres were good sphere with a mean diameter of about 100 μm. It also showed that cellulose had been successfully covered onto the surface of Fe3O4 after the preparation. Therefore, we have provided a simple and biocompatible support for applications in the biomaterials field.