The Fe-doping of hierarchical Co hydroxide nanosheet arrays (CoyFe1−y(OH)x NSAs) integrated on a three-dimensional electrode is shown to contribute to both increasing the available surface area and number of active sites.
Inspired by the patchwork of artificial turf, we defined the growth position and orientation of a CuCo2S4 nanoarray for the first time by electroplating a PANI mesh layer onto a Ni foam to obtain a self-supporting hierarchical electrode material.