Invasive Plant Management in the United States National Wildlife Refuge System

Recent strategies to enforce the United States boundary with Mexico have shifted undocumented immigrants into remote lands federally designated as protected areas (as in national park or national wildlife refuge). Government and media institutions represent such entries as a threat to nature. In this paper we argue that representations and interpretations of threats to nature in border-protected areas are laden with identity attachments. In repeatedly defining that which is threatened as ‘American’, such discourses work to draw boundaries around the nation, thereby narrating inclusion and exclusion.

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Preemergence Control of Nine Invasive Weeds with Aminocyclopyrachlor, Aminopyralid, and Indaziflam

Invasive Plant Science and Management ◽

10.1017/inp.2017.7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 99-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Derek J. Sebastian ◽

Scott J. Nissen ◽

James R. Sebastian ◽

Paul J. Meiman ◽

K. George Beck

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plant ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

The United States ◽

Plant Management ◽

Invasive Weeds ◽

Downy Brome ◽

Invasive Plant Management ◽

Dalmatian Toadflax ◽

Winter Annual ◽

Diffuse Knapweed

There are an estimated 400 million hectares of non-cropland in the United States primarily designated as rangeland and pastureland, and there are more than 300 invasive weeds found on these sites, causing an estimated annual loss of $5 billion. Among the most invasive and problematic weeds are Dalmatian toadflax, diffuse knapweed, downy brome, and musk thistle. Currently, herbicides are the most common management strategy for broadleaf weeds and invasive winter annual grasses. Indaziflam, a new herbicide for invasive plant management in non-crop areas, is a cellulose-biosynthesis inhibitor capable of providing residual invasive winter annual grass control up to 3 yr after treatment (YAT). A field experiment was conducted to determine whether residual Dalmatian toadflax and downy brome control by aminocyclopyrachlor, imazapic, and picloram could be extended by tank mixing these herbicides with indaziflam. Indaziflam tank mixed with aminocyclopyrachlor, imazapic, and picloram provided increased Dalmatian toadflax (84% to 91%) and downy brome (89% to 94%) control 4 YAT, compared with treatments excluding indaziflam. Treatments without indaziflam controlled 50% to 68% of Dalmatian toadflax and <25% downy brome 4 YAT. Based on these results, a greenhouse dose–response experiment was conducted with aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralid, and indaziflam to compare preemergence control of nine common non-crop weeds. Averaged across species, aminocyclopyrachlor and aminopyralid GR50values (herbicide concentration resulting in 50% reduction in plant biomass) were 29 and 52 times higher compared with indaziflam, respectively. These data suggest that indaziflam could be used for residual control of non-crop weeds as a tank-mix partner with other foliar-applied broadleaf herbicides.

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The State of Bats in Conservation Planning for the National Wildlife Refuge System, With Recommendations

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management ◽

10.3996/122012-jfwm-106 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 406-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michael D. Dixon ◽

Kevin Heist ◽

Karl Tinsley

Keyword(s):

First Generation ◽

The United States ◽

National Wildlife Refuge ◽

Early 21St Century ◽

Wildlife Refuge ◽

White Nose Syndrome ◽

Management Plans ◽

Bat Conservation ◽

National Wildlife Refuge System ◽

Conservation Plans

Abstract Bats face an unprecedented array of threats in the early 21st century, from traditional concerns such as habitat loss, to white nose syndrome and collisions with wind turbines. These growing challenges arise when the National Wildlife Refuge System, a system of public lands and waters that provides habitat for nearly every bat species in North America north of Mexico, is beginning its first revision cycle for its management plans, known as Comprehensive Conservation Plans. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is thus uniquely positioned to assess its current contribution to sustaining viable populations of bats in the United States and incorporate those findings into the biological objectives that will guide Refuge management for the next 15 y. We present a review of the degree to which the first generation of Comprehensive Conservation Plans addresses bat conservation, and we provide recommendations to guide managers, planners, and partners in the development of the second generation of these Comprehensive Conservation Plans.

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Planting native trees to restore riparian forests increases biotic resistance to non-native plant invasions

Invasive Plant Science and Management ◽

10.1017/inp.2021.11 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Chad F. Hammer ◽

John S. Gunn

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Ecosystem Service ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Biotic Resistance ◽

The United States ◽

Tree Regeneration ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Plant Colonization ◽

Native Plant ◽

Native Trees

Abstract Non-native invasive plant species are a major cause of ecosystem degradation and impairment of ecosystem service benefits in the United States. Forested riparian areas provide many ecosystem service benefits and are vital to maintaining water quality of streams and rivers. These systems are also vulnerable to natural disturbances and invasion by non-native plants. We assessed whether planting native trees on disturbed riparian sites may increase biotic resistance to invasive plant establishment in central Vermont in the northeastern United States. The density (stems/m2) of invasive stems was higher in non-planted sites (x̄=4.1 stems/m2) compared to planted sites (x̄=1.3 stems/m2). More than 90% of the invasive plants were Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica). There were no significant differences in total stem density of native vegetation between planted and non-planted sites. Other measured response variables such as native tree regeneration, species diversity, soil properties and soil function showed no significant differences or trends in the paired riparian study sites. The results of this case study indicate that tree planting in disturbed riparian forest areas may assist conservation efforts by minimizing the risk of invasive plant colonization.

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Eradicating Bodies in Invasive Plant Management

Environment and Planning D Society and Space ◽

10.1068/d17712 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 951-968 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Jennifer Atchison ◽

Lesley Head

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plant ◽

Plant Management ◽

Invasive Plant Management

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Plant Protection and Quarantine: Helping U.S. Agriculture Thrive--Across the Country and Around the World, 2016 Annual Report

10.32747/2017.7207241.aphis ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Plant Protection ◽

The United States ◽

Agricultural Trade ◽

Global Market ◽

Plant Health ◽

Market Place ◽

Export Markets ◽

The World

For Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) and our partners, 2016 was a year of remarkable successes. Not only did we eradicate 10 fruit fly outbreaks, but we also achieved 4 years with zero detections of pink bollworm, moving us one step closer to eradicating this pest from all commercial cotton-growing areas of the continental United States. And when the U.S. corn industry faced the first-ever detection of bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas vasicular pv vasculorum), we devised a practical and scientific approach to manage the disease and protect valuable export markets. Our most significant domestic accomplishment this year, however, was achieving one of our agency’s top 10 goals: eliminating the European grapevine moth (EGVM) from the United States. On the world stage, PPQ helped U.S. agriculture thrive in the global market-place. We worked closely with our international trading partners to develop and promote science-based standards, helping to create a safe, fair, and predictable agricultural trade system that minimizes the spread of invasive plant pests and diseases. We reached critical plant health agreements and resolved plant health barriers to trade, which sustained and expanded U.S. export markets valued at more than $4 billion. And, we helped U.S. producers meet foreign market access requirements and certified the health of more than 650,000 exports, securing economic opportunities for U.S. products abroad. These successes underscore how PPQ is working every day to keep U.S. agriculture healthy and profitable.

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