Over time, many different theories and approaches have been developed
to tackle the many-body problem in quantum chemistry, condensed-matter
physics, and nuclear physics. Here we use the helium atom, a real system
rather than a model, and we use the exact solution of its Schrödinger
equation as a benchmark for comparison between methods. We present new
results beyond the random-phase approximation (RPA) from a renormalized
RPA (r-RPA) in the framework of the self-consistent RPA (SCRPA)
originally developed in nuclear physics, and compare them with various
other approaches like configuration interaction (CI), quantum Monte
Carlo (QMC), time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), and the
Bethe-Salpeter equation on top of the \boldsymbol{GW}𝐆𝐖
approximation. Most of the calculations are consistently done on the
same footing, e.g. using the same basis set, in an effort for a most
faithful comparison between methods.