Benigne und Borderline-Tumoren des Ovars

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schem ◽  
Bauerschlag ◽  
Meinhold-Heerlein ◽  
Fischer ◽  
Friedrich ◽  
...  

Veränderungen an den Ovarien führen häufig zu diagnostischer Unsicherheit hinsichtlich der Dignität der Befunde. Treten palpable oder nur sonographisch darstellbare Adnextumoren auf, ist an eine Vielzahl von Differentialdiagnosen zu denken. Die Abklärung von Ovarialtumoren gehört zu den häufigsten gynäkologischen Fragestellungen. Obwohl moderne Bildgebungsverfahren wie CT und MRT zur Verfügung stehen, wird die Diagnostik dieses Problembereiches immer noch durch die klassische gynäkologische bimanuelle Untersuchung und den vaginalen Ultraschall bestimmt. Nach ausführlicher Anamnese auch hinsichtlich familiärer Krebserkrankungen (im Sinne von: BRCA 1 und 2 Mutationen) leitet der Tastbefund und die sonographische Beurteilung die Verdachtsdiagnose hinsichtlich benigner oder malignomverdächtiger Grunderkrankung. Bisher ist es nicht gelungen weitere Parameter im Hinblick auf die Dignität zu etablieren. Die sonographische Beurteilung inklusive Doppleruntersuchung oder eine Tumormarkerbestimmung (CA12.5) im Serum zeigen eine zu geringe Sensitivität und Spezifität auf. Nur in der Hand des sehr erfahrenen Diagnostikers können sie wertvolle Hinweise liefern. Zystische Veränderungen treten gehäuft vor der Menopause auf und können rezidiveren, hierbei kann es sich um einfache Follikelzysten bis hin zum Tumor niedrigen malignen Potentials (LMP) oder gar um ein Ovarialkarzinom handeln. Etwa 20–30% aller Ovarialtumoren sind bösartig und häufig schon bei der Ersterkennung inkurabel: 60–70% sind bereits im Stadium der intraabdominellen Ausbreitung. Maligne wie benigne Ovarialtumoren können in jeder Altersgruppe auftreten, auch im Kindesalter, in dem etwa 15% aller Ovarialtumoren bösartig sind. Das Häufigkeitsmaximum der Karzinome liegt zwischen 50 und 70 Jahren, das der LMP-Tumoren wesentlich früher, bei etwa 40 Jahren. Grundsätzlich repräsentieren die Ovarialmalignome 15–30% der Genitalmalignome. Die langfristige Einnahme der Pille soll – ebenso wie Schwangerschaft und langes Stillen – protektive Wirkung haben. In vielen Fällen führt die Persistenz von Ovarialzysten oder Ovarialtumoren zur operativen Intervention, heutzutage zumeist im Rahmen einer operativen Laparoskopie. Die Diagnose des Tumors mit niedrig malignem Potential (low malignant potential – LMP) ist in diesem Zusammenhang häufig ein Zufallsbefund. Die Folge ist eine Ausweitung der Operation und des Follow Up. Die folgenden Ausführungen stellen die unterschiedlichen Ursprungsgewebe der Tumoren dar und beschränken sich auf die Darstellung der benignen und niedrig malignen (LMP-Tumoren) Veränderungen.

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan F. Leake ◽  
John L. Currie ◽  
Neil B. Rosenshein ◽  
J.Donald Woodruff

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Harish Challa ◽  
Hariharasudhan Sekar ◽  
Sandhya Sundaram ◽  
Sriram Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Natarajan Kumaresan

Introduction Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential (MCRNLMP) is a rare subtype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounting for 2-4% of RCC. It is defined as a neoplasm that is composed entirely of numerous cysts surrounded by fibrous capsule and septa containing clear cells without expansile growth or mural nodules (WHO 2016). The purpose of this manuscript is to highlight that it is imperative to identify this entity by strict histological criteria and distinguish this entity from cystic ccRCC due to its low malignant potential, excellent prognosis with no recurrence or metastasis. Case report A 46-year-old male presented with continuous mild loin pain for a month. There were no lower tract urinary symptoms. Ultrasound abdomen showed left lower pole renal mass. CECT-KUB was done as a definitive investigation which showed a solitary left lower pole renal cystic lesion with enhancement of size 3.8x3.6cm (Bosniak IV). As per CT findings, the patient underwent Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Histopathological examination showed multiple cysts with thin septal walls possessing clear cells with low-grade nuclei. 2 years of follow-up postoperatively with imaging studies revealed no recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions The purpose of this report is to emphasize the need to identify this entity by strict histological criteria as per WHO guidelines, as imaging studies were more often inconclusive. Urologists should have an adequate understanding such an entity. Almost all cases are amenable to partial nephrectomy irrespective of size and no documented evidence of recurrence and metastasis which mandates less stringent follow up postoperatively as compared to ccRCC.


2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 42.4-42
Author(s):  
M. Canis ◽  
K. Jardon ◽  
R. Botchorishvili ◽  
A. Wattiez ◽  
G. Mage ◽  
...  

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-229
Author(s):  
J.F. Leake ◽  
J.L. Currie ◽  
N.B. Rosenshein ◽  
J.D. Woodruff

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Montironi ◽  
Marina Scarpelli ◽  
Antonio Lopez-Beltran ◽  
Roberta Mazzucchelli ◽  
David Alberts ◽  
...  

Background: A preceding exploratory study (J. Clin. Pathol. 57(2004), 1201–1207) had shown that a karyometric assessment of nuclei from papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) revealed subtle differences in phenotype which correlated with recurrence of disease. Aim of the Study: To validate the results from the exploratory study on a larger sample size. Materials: 93 karyometric features were analyzed on haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from 85 cases of PUNLMP. 45 cases were from patients who had a solitary PUNLMP lesion and were disease-free during a follow-up period of at least 8 years. The other 40 were from patients with a unifocal PUNLMP, with one or more recurrences in the follow-up. A combination of the previously defined classification functions together with a new P-index derived classification method was used in an attempt to classify cases and identify a biomarker of recurrence in PUNLMP lesions. Results: Validation was pursued by a number of separate approaches. First, the exact procedure from the exploratory study was applied to the large validation set. Second, since the discriminant function 2 of the exploratory study had been based on a small sample size, a new discriminant function was derived. The case classification showed a correct classification of 61% for non-recurrent and 74% for recurrent cases, respectively. Greater success was obtained by applying unsupervised learning technologies to take advantage of phenotypical composition (correct classification of 92%). This approach was validated by dividing the data into training and test sets with 2/3 of the cases assigned to the training sets, and 1/3 to the test sets, on a rotating basis, and validation of the classification rate was thus tested on three separate data sets by a leave-k-out process. The average correct classification was 92.8% (training set) and 84.6% (test set). Conclusions: Our validation study detected subvisual differences in chromatin organization state between non-recurrent and recurrent PUNLMP, thus allowing a very stable method of predicting recurrence of papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential by karyometry.


1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
J. Leake ◽  
J. Currie ◽  
N. Rosenshein ◽  
J. Woodruff

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Reza Abbasion ◽  
Amir Jafarpisheh ◽  
Paria Dehghanian ◽  
Mahdi Mottaghi

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is exceedingly rare in the pediatric population. It commonly presents as isolated hematuria. Considering the age group, the physician’s low index of suspicion causes a delay in diagnosis. We present a seven-year-old girl complaining of dysuria and painless, intermittent hematuria. She was misdiagnosed with urinary tract infection several times. Although the initial ultrasound showed no abnormality, the second ultrasound after one year detected the tumor. The confirmation and resection are simultaneously achieved by cystoscopy. We concluded that chemotherapy is unnecessary due to the tumor’s low-grade nature and the absence of detrusor involvement. One-year follow-up showed no relapse.


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