Der Vergleich von drei Beschwerdenvalidierungstests in der stationären psychosomatischen Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kaminski ◽  
Thomas Merten ◽  
Axel Kobelt-Pönicke

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Innerhalb der medizinisch-beruflich orientierten Rehabilitation besteht ein Teilauftrag in der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung der Rehabilitand_innen. Verzerrte Beschwerdenangaben können die Behandlung und gutachtliche Beurteilung erheblich erschweren. Zur Validierung geltend gemachter Beschwerden stehen fragebogenbasierte Beschwerdenvalidierungstests (BVT) zur Verfügung, welche jedoch in Rehabilitationsstudien Studien nur wenig eingesetzt werden. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es daher, drei BVTs in einer klinischen Stichprobe aus der psychosomatischen Rehabilitation anzuwenden. Der Anteil von Proband_innen, die als unzuverlässig in ihrer Beschwerdenschilderung einzustufen sind, soll berichtet und die drei BVTs sollen miteinander verglichen werden. Methode: Daten von 147 psychosomatischen Rehabilitand_innen werden berichtet. Alle Proband_innen beantworteten unter anderem den Beschwerdenvalidierungstest (BEVA), das Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI) und den Strukturierten Fragebogen Simulierter Symptome (SFSS). Ergebnisse: Der Anteil der Rehabilitand_innen, bei denen die Verfahren eine verzerrte Beschwerdenschilderung auswiesen, lag bei ca. 35 %. Die Korrelation zwischen dem BEVA und dem SRSI betrug 0.82. Die Korrelation des SFSS mit dem BEVA lag bei 0.65 und mit dem SRSI bei 0.72. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse weisen aus, dass ca. 35 % der Stichprobe extreme, atypische oder bizarre Symptome in einer Weise bejahten, dass ihre Beschwerdenschilderungen als unzuverlässig, überhöht und / oder ausgeweitet bewertet werden mussten. Demnach bekräftigt die vorliegende Studie das Einsetzen von Beschwerdenvalidierungsinstrumenten im sozialmedizinischen Kontext. Die drei vorgelegten BVTs korrelierten hoch miteinander, so dass darauf zu schließen ist, dass sie das gleiche und / oder ein ähnliches Konstrukt messen.

Author(s):  
Irena Boskovic ◽  
Thomas Merten ◽  
Harald Merckelbach

AbstractSome self-report symptom validity tests, such as the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI), rely on a detection strategy that uses bizarre, extreme, or very rare symptoms. Thus, items are constructed to invite respondents with an invalid response style to affirm pseudosymptoms that are usually not experienced by genuine patients. However, these pseudosymptoms should not be easily recognizable, because otherwise sophisticated over-reporters could strategically avoid them and go undetected. Therefore, we tested how well future psychology professionals were able to differentiate between genuine complaints and pseudosymptoms in terms of their plausibility and prevalence.Psychology students (N = 87) received the items of the SRSI online and were given the task to rate each item as to its plausibility and prevalence in the community.Students evaluated genuine symptoms as significantly more plausible and more prevalent than pseudosymptoms. However, 56% of students rated pseudosymptoms as moderately plausible, whereas 17% rated them as moderately prevalent in the general public.Overall, it appears that psychology students are successful in distinguishing bizarre, unusual, or rare symptoms from genuine complaints. Yet, the majority of students still attributed relatively high prima facie plausibility to pseudosymptoms. We contend that if such a trusting attitude is true for psychology students, it may also be the case for young psychology practitioners, which, consequently, may diminish the probability of employing self-report validity measures in psychological assessments.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Merten ◽  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Peter Giger ◽  
Andreas Stevens

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Speyer ◽  
Reinie Cordier ◽  
Berit Kertscher ◽  
Bas J Heijnen

Introduction. Questionnaires on Functional Health Status (FHS) are part of the assessment of oropharyngeal dysphagia.Objective. To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the psychometric properties of English-language FHS questionnaires in adults with oropharyngeal dysphagia.Methods. A systematic search was performed using the electronic databases Pubmed and Embase. The psychometric properties of the questionnaires were determined based on the COSMIN taxonomy of measurement properties and definitions for health-related patient-reported outcomes and the COSMIN checklist using preset psychometric criteria.Results. Three questionnaires were included: the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), the Swallowing Outcome after Laryngectomy (SOAL), and the Self-report Symptom Inventory. The Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ) proved to be identical to the Modified Self-report Symptom Inventory. All FHS questionnaires obtained poor overall methodological quality scores for most measurement properties.Conclusions. The retrieved FHS questionnaires need psychometric reevaluation; if the overall methodological quality shows satisfactory improvement on most measurement properties, the use of the questionnaires in daily clinic and research can be justified. However, in case of insufficient validity and/or reliability scores, new FHS questionnaires need to be developed using and reporting on preestablished psychometric criteria as recommended in literature.


2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 164-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Geurten ◽  
Thierry Meulemans ◽  
Xavier Seron

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard R. Derogatis ◽  
Nick Melisaratos

SynopsisThis is an introductory report for the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), a brief psychological self-report symptom scale. The BSI was developed from its longer parent instrument, the SCL-90-R, and psychometric evaluation reveals it to be an acceptable short alternative to the complete scale. Both test-retest and internal consistency reliabilities are shown to be very good for the primary symptom dimensions of the BSI, and its correlations with the comparable dimensions of the SCL-90-R are quite high. In terms of validation, high convergence between BSI scales and like dimensions of the MMPI provide good evidence of convergent validity, and factor analytic studies of the internal structure of the scale contribute evidence of construct validity. Several criterion-oriented validity studies have also been completed with this instrument


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Geurten ◽  
Thierry Meulemans ◽  
Xavier Seron

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Icro Maremmani ◽  
Pier Paolo Pani ◽  
Matteo Pacini ◽  
Jacopo V Bizzarri ◽  
Emanuela Trogu ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Leonard R. Derogatis ◽  
Ronald S. Lipman ◽  
Lino Covi

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