scholarly journals Energy transfer during intense geomagnetic storms driven by interplanetary coronal mass ejections and their sheath regions

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (A5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianpeng Guo ◽  
Xueshang Feng ◽  
Barbara A. Emery ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Changqing Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections

scholarly journals A study of solar and interplanetary parameters of CMEs causing major geomagnetic storms during SC 23

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1285-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Oprea ◽  
M. Mierla ◽  
D. Beşliu-Ionescu ◽  
O. Stere ◽  
G. Mariş Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Superposed Epoch Analysis ◽  
Dst Index ◽  
Using Data

Abstract. In this paper we analyse 25 Earth-directed and strongly geoeffective interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) which occurred during solar cycle 23, using data provided by instruments on SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory), ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer) and geomagnetic stations. We also examine the in situ parameters, the energy transfer into magnetosphere, and the geomagnetic indexes. We compare observed travel times with those calculated by observed speeds projected into the plane of the sky and de-projected by a simple model. The best fit was found with the projected speeds. No correlation was found between the importance of a flare and the geomagnetic Dst (disturbance storm time) index. By comparing the in situ parameters with the Dst index we find a strong connection between some of these parameters (such as Bz, Bs · V and the energy transfer into the magnetosphere) with the strength of the geomagnetic storm. No correlation was found with proton density and plasma temperature. A superposed epoch analysis revealed a strong dependence of the Dst index on the southward component of interplanetary magnetic field, Bz, and to the Akasofu coupling function, which evaluates the energy transfer between the ICME and the magnetosphere. The analysis also showed that the geomagnetic field at higher latitudes is disturbed before the field around the Earth's equator.

scholarly journals Understanding the Origins of Problem Geomagnetic Storms Associated with “Stealth” Coronal Mass Ejections

2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariaki V. Nitta ◽  
Tamitha Mulligan ◽  
Emilia K. J. Kilpua ◽  
Benjamin J. Lynch ◽  
Marilena Mierla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Solar Eruptions ◽  
Cycle 24 ◽  
Mass Ejection

AbstractGeomagnetic storms are an important aspect of space weather and can result in significant impacts on space- and ground-based assets. The majority of strong storms are associated with the passage of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in the near-Earth environment. In many cases, these ICMEs can be traced back unambiguously to a specific coronal mass ejection (CME) and solar activity on the frontside of the Sun. Hence, predicting the arrival of ICMEs at Earth from routine observations of CMEs and solar activity currently makes a major contribution to the forecasting of geomagnetic storms. However, it is clear that some ICMEs, which may also cause enhanced geomagnetic activity, cannot be traced back to an observed CME, or, if the CME is identified, its origin may be elusive or ambiguous in coronal images. Such CMEs have been termed “stealth CMEs”. In this review, we focus on these “problem” geomagnetic storms in the sense that the solar/CME precursors are enigmatic and stealthy. We start by reviewing evidence for stealth CMEs discussed in past studies. We then identify several moderate to strong geomagnetic storms (minimum Dst $< -50$ < − 50  nT) in solar cycle 24 for which the related solar sources and/or CMEs are unclear and apparently stealthy. We discuss the solar and in situ circumstances of these events and identify several scenarios that may account for their elusive solar signatures. These range from observational limitations (e.g., a coronagraph near Earth may not detect an incoming CME if it is diffuse and not wide enough) to the possibility that there is a class of mass ejections from the Sun that have only weak or hard-to-observe coronal signatures. In particular, some of these sources are only clearly revealed by considering the evolution of coronal structures over longer time intervals than is usually considered. We also review a variety of numerical modelling approaches that attempt to advance our understanding of the origins and consequences of stealthy solar eruptions with geoeffective potential. Specifically, we discuss magnetofrictional modelling of the energisation of stealth CME source regions and magnetohydrodynamic modelling of the physical processes that generate stealth CME or CME-like eruptions, typically from higher altitudes in the solar corona than CMEs from active regions or extended filament channels.

scholarly journals Earth–directed coronal mass ejections and their geoeffectiveness during the 2007–2010 interval

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S286) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Constantin Oprea ◽  
Marilena Mierla ◽  
Georgeta Maris
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Coupling Function ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Stereo Mission ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Terrestrial Magnetosphere

AbstractIn this study we analyse the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) directed towards the Earth during the interval 2007–2010, using the data acquired by STEREO mission and those provided by SOHO, ACE and geomagnetic stations. A study of CMEs kinematics is performed. This is correlated with CMEs interplanetary manifestations and their geomagnetic effects, along with the energy transfer flux into magnetosphere (the Akasofu coupling function). The chosen interval that is practically coincident with the last solar minimum, offered us a good opportunity to link and analyse the chain of phenomena from the Sun to the terrestrial magnetosphere in an attempt to better understand the solar and heliospheric processes that can cause major geomagnetic storms.

Modeling of coronal mass ejections that caused particularly large geomagnetic storms using ENLIL heliosphere cone model

Space Weather ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Taktakishvili ◽  
A. Pulkkinen ◽  
P. MacNeice ◽  
M. Kuznetsova ◽  
M. Hesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Cone Model

scholarly journals Do All Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Have a Magnetic Flux Rope Structure Near 1 au?

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 (2) ◽  
pp. L21
Author(s):  
H. Q. Song ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
X. Cheng ◽  
G. Li ◽  
Q. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Flux Rope ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Magnetic Flux Rope

scholarly journals Outer Van Allen Radiation Belt Response to Interacting Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 1927-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. J. Kilpua ◽  
D. L. Turner ◽  
A. N. Jaynes ◽  
H. Hietala ◽  
H. E. J. Koskinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections
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