Modeling the Occurrence of M∼5 Caldera Collapse‐Related Earthquakes in Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Llenos ◽  
Andrew J. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano

The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea Volcano

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 363 (6425) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Neal ◽  
S. R. Brantley ◽  
L. Antolik ◽  
J. L. Babb ◽  
M. Burgess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rift Zone ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Historical Observation ◽  
Magma System ◽  
Volume Estimates ◽  
Earthquake Moment ◽  
Eruptive Fissures

In 2018, Kīlauea Volcano experienced its largest lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) eruption and caldera collapse in at least 200 years. After collapse of the Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō vent on 30 April, magma propagated downrift. Eruptive fissures opened in the LERZ on 3 May, eventually extending ~6.8 kilometers. A 4 May earthquake [moment magnitude (Mw) 6.9] produced ~5 meters of fault slip. Lava erupted at rates exceeding 100 cubic meters per second, eventually covering 35.5 square kilometers. The summit magma system partially drained, producing minor explosions and near-daily collapses releasing energy equivalent toMw4.7 to 5.4 earthquakes. Activity declined rapidly on 4 August. Summit collapse and lava flow volume estimates are roughly equivalent—about 0.8 cubic kilometers. Careful historical observation and monitoring of Kīlauea enabled successful forecasting of hazardous events.

scholarly journals Six‐Axis Ground Motion Measurements of Caldera Collapse at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i—More Data, More Puzzles?

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wassermann ◽  
F. Bernauer ◽  
B. Shiro ◽  
I. Johanson ◽  
F. Guattari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Motion Measurements

Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near‐Field GPS Displacements at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Segall ◽  
Kyle R. Anderson ◽  
Fabio Pulvirenti ◽  
Taiyi Wang ◽  
Ingrid Johanson
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano

Magma reservoir failure and the onset of caldera collapse at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (6470) ◽  
pp. eaaz1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle R. Anderson ◽  
Ingrid A. Johanson ◽  
Matthew R. Patrick ◽  
Mengyang Gu ◽  
Paul Segall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Lava Lake ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Magma Reservoir ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Caldera Formation ◽  
Shallow Reservoir ◽  
Magma Reservoirs ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano

Caldera-forming eruptions are among Earth’s most hazardous natural phenomena, yet the architecture of subcaldera magma reservoirs and the conditions that trigger collapse are poorly understood. Observations from the formation of a 0.8–cubic kilometer basaltic caldera at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018 included the draining of an active lava lake, which provided a window into pressure decrease in the reservoir. We show that failure began after <4% of magma was withdrawn from a shallow reservoir beneath the volcano’s summit, reducing its internal pressure by ~17 megapascals. Several cubic kilometers of magma were stored in the reservoir, and only a fraction was withdrawn before the end of the eruption. Thus, caldera formation may begin after withdrawal of only small amounts of magma and may end before source reservoirs are completely evacuated.

scholarly journals Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near-field GPS Displacements at Kilauea Volcano in 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Segall ◽  
Kyle Anderson ◽  
Fabio Pulvirenti ◽  
Taiyi Wang ◽  
Ingrid A. Johanson
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano

scholarly journals Seismic and geodetic progression of the 2018 summit caldera collapse of Kīlauea volcano

2020 ◽  
Vol 540 ◽  
pp. 116250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Tepp ◽  
Alicia Hotovec-Ellis ◽  
Brian Shiro ◽  
Ingrid Johanson ◽  
Weston Thelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Summit Caldera

Cyclic lava effusion during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (6470) ◽  
pp. eaay9070 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Patrick ◽  
H. R. Dietterich ◽  
J. J. Lyons ◽  
A. K. Diefenbach ◽  
C. Parcheta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Eruption Rate ◽  
Magma Supply ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Clear Link ◽  
Summit Caldera

Lava flows present a recurring threat to communities on active volcanoes, and volumetric eruption rate is one of the primary factors controlling flow behavior and hazard. The time scales and driving forces of eruption rate variability, however, remain poorly understood. In 2018, a highly destructive eruption occurred on the lower flank of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, where the primary vent exhibited substantial cyclic eruption rates on both short (minutes) and long (tens of hours) time scales. We used multiparameter data to show that the short cycles were driven by shallow outgassing, whereas longer cycles were pressure-driven surges in magma supply triggered by summit caldera collapse events 40 kilometers upslope. The results provide a clear link between eruption rate fluctuations and their driving processes in the magmatic system.

Kīlauea -Leilani 2018 lava flow delineation by using Sentinel2 and Landsat8 images

2021 ◽  
pp. SP519-2020-118
Author(s):  
M. Musacchio ◽  
M. Silvestri ◽  
F. Rabuffi ◽  
M. F. Buongiorno ◽  
S. Falcone
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Lava Lake ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Caldera Collapse ◽  
Crater Floor ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano

AbstractKīlauea is a broad shield volcano built against the southeastern slope of Mauna Loa. The summit presently has a caldera that is roughly 4km by 3.2km wide, and walls of between 0 m and 120 m high. In late April 2018, an eruption interesting both the summit crater and the lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) occurred. In this work a quasi real time estimation of the evolution of radiant lava flow extension starting from May 2018 for Kīlauea -Leilani eruption using satellite image data is presented. The active lava flow evolution is obtained by using Copernicus Sentinel2 (S2) and USGS-Landsat8 (L8) polar satellites acquiring medium/high spatial resolution images (20mx20m and 30mx30m respectively) in the VIS-SWIR-TIR spectral range. Because of the Kīlauea eruption extension and duration, a multi sensor approach has been used in order to improve the timing of the information derived by high spatial resolution remote sensed data merging two missions with different revisit time. The 2018 eruptions at Hawaii's Kīlauea Volcano developed rapidly, after the initial activity centered on the Púu ′Ō′ō crater floor on 1 May followed by draining of the lava lake at Halemáumáu (HMM) Overlook Crater in the next days. During the magma extrusion from the summit, earthquake swarms and ground cracking hit the Leilani Estates neighborhood on 2 May. With the S2 and L8 sensors we followed the lava flow by 5th of May up to mid of August, considering also that the activity started to decline from the beginning of August. At the end of activity, Kīlauea Volcano experienced its largest LERZ eruption and caldera collapse in at least 200 years.

Database for the Geologic Map of the Summit Region of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds293 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillon R. Dutton ◽  
David W. Ramsey ◽  
Peggy E. Bruggman ◽  
Tracey J. Felger ◽  
Ellen Lougee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kilauea Volcano ◽  
Kīlauea Volcano ◽  
Geologic Map ◽  
Summit Region
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