Urine monitoring of methadone maintenance clients: Does it prevent illicit drug use?

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Havassy ◽  
Sharon M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use

The Effects of Methadone Maintenance with Opioid Takers: A Review and Some Findings from One British City

1978 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Paxton ◽  
Patrick Mullin ◽  
Jack Beattie
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Methadone Group ◽  
Firm Evidence

SummaryVarious benefits claimed for methadone maintenance in the treatment of opioid drug takers are reviewed. It is said to stop illicit drug use, maintain treatment contact, reduce morbidity, mortality and crime, and improve social adjustment. Little firm evidence is found to support these claims. Results are reported comparing 26 drug takers on methadone prescriptions with 16 illicit opioid takers. The measures used are Stimson's (1972) ‘Patterns of Behaviour’ questionnaire, and direct behavioural measures of social functioning. The groups are found not to differ in terms of treatment contact, work status and involvement with other drug takers. There is some evidence that the methadone group is involved in less criminal activity. However, no association is found between amounts of drugs prescribed and numbers of local pharmacy thefts. It is concluded that the benefits of methadone maintenance have been exaggerated.

Rehab, respite and recovery: the experiences of methadone users in a modified therapeutic community (MTC) in Scotland

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Iain McPhee ◽  
Denice Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Therapeutic Community ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rich Data

Purpose – There is limited research documenting recovery experiences of residential service users. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions service users on methadone have about recovery. In depth, semi structured 1-1 interviews with seven poly drug using homeless males between the ages of 37 and 46 and analysed using NVivo software. Results are presented thematically. Participants conform to “recovery” norms allowing stigma and shame of illicit drug use to be attributed to former addict identities. Participants on methadone maintenance report inner conflict arising from changing societal and cultural norms that equate recovery with abstinence. Tensions were revealed in true motivations for active rather than passive participation in adopting group work norms. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative design utilises small numbers of participants to gather rich data. In depth, semi structured 1-1 interviews conducted with seven poly drug using homeless males who have completed between ten and 15 weeks of a minimum 26-week residential treatment programme. Participants were aged 37-46. Results were analysed thematically using NVivo software. Findings – Participants conform to “recovery” norms allowing stigma and shame of illicit drug use to be attributed to a former stigmatised addict identity. Participants on methadone maintenance report inner conflict arising from changing societal and cultural norms regards recovery and abstinence. A significant process of recovery involved adopting the norms of 12-step groups and TC therapy to gain enough trust to leave the therapeutic community (TC) unsupervised. This created tension regards motivation, were these individuals in recovery, or merely “faking it”? Research limitations/implications – A female perspective may have provided a more balanced discussion and yielded greater depth in results. Only one service was studied and the findings may be specific to that cohort. The duration of stay at the service of ten to 15 weeks is a relatively short time and excluded participants resident for six months or more. Longer term residents may have been more reflective and informative. Practical implications – Encourage active options and increased debate on the variety of treatment options available to long term homeless opiate users who have failed to comply with previous treatments. While this is a small modest study, the rich data yields practical advice for policy makers and service providers. Social implications – This research study adds to an informed perspective by encouraging debate on methadone as a challenge to definitions of recovery that infer abstinence as a key definition of success. Originality/value – There is a paucity of research documenting a Scottish TC service user perspective using qualitative methods on experiences of addiction, treatment and recovery.

Diminished Illicit Drug Use as a Consequence of Long-Term Methadone Maintenance

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Gottheil ◽  
Robert C. Sterling ◽  
Stephen P Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use

Outcome of contingency contracting for illicit drug use in a methadone maintenance program

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Saxon ◽  
Donald A. Calsyn ◽  
Daniel R. Kivlahan ◽  
Douglas K. Roszell
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Contingency Contracting ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Program

Cannabis versus other illicit drug use among methadone maintenance patients.

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted D. Nirenberg ◽  
Tony Cellucci ◽  
Michael R. Liepman ◽  
Robert M. Swift ◽  
Alan D. Sirota
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use

scholarly journals Longitudinal analysis of pain and illicit drug use behaviors in outpatients on methadone maintenance

2015 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Dhingra ◽  
David C. Perlman ◽  
Carmen Masson ◽  
Jack Chen ◽  
Courtney McKnight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use

scholarly journals Concurrent drug use among methadone maintenance patients in mountainous areas in northern Vietnam

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e015875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bach Xuan Tran ◽  
Victoria L Boggiano ◽  
Huong Lan Thi Nguyen ◽  
Long Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Hung Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Factors Associated

ObjectivesWith the rise in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) for drug users in Vietnam, there has been growing interest in understanding if and how often MMT patients engage in concurrent illicit drug use while on methadone therapy in various settings. This study examined factors associated with concurrent opioid use among patients on MMT in a mountainous area in Vietnam.SettingOne urban and one rural MMT clinics in Tuyen Quang province.ParticipantsSurvey participants consisted of patients who were taking MMT at the selected study sites. A convenience sampling approach was used to recruit the participants.Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants were asked a series of questions about their socioeconomic status, current alcohol and tobacco use, health problems (measured by the EuroQol-Five Dimension-Five Level instrument), psychological distress (measured by Kessler score), and factors associated with current and/or previous drug use. Regression models were used to determine factors associated with concurrent drug use among MMT patients.ResultsAmong the 241 male MMT patients included in the study, 13.4% reported concurrent opioid use. On average, the longer patients had been enrolled in MMT, the less likely they were to concurrently use drugs. Conversely, patients with higher levels of psychological distress were more likely to engage in concurrent drug use while on MMT.ConclusionLonger duration of MMT was significantly correlated with reduced illicit drug use among participants. Higher levels of psychological distress were associated with increased use of illicit drugs among MMT patients. Regardless of distance, long-term MMT is still effective and should be expanded in mountainous areas.

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