Source Monitoring Abilities Mediate the Relationship Between Working Memory and False Memories Via Recollection Rejection Strategies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Ball ◽  
Gene Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Source Monitoring ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Recollection Rejection ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals How Individual Differences in Working Memory and Source Monitoring matter in Susceptibility to False Memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaTasha R Holden ◽  
Andrew R. A. Conway ◽  
Kerri A. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Source Monitoring ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Word List ◽  
Irrelevant Information ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Goal Maintenance

Using the DRM word list paradigm (Roediger & McDermott, 1995) we investigated the role of individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) and source monitoring (SM) ability in protection from false memories (FM) in recall and recognition. Both spreading activation and monitoring are cognitive processes associated with working memory (Anderson, 1983; Cantor & Engle, 1993), and previous research demonstrates working memory’s relation to goal maintenance (Kane & Engle, 2003) and importance for withholding irrelevant information (Conway & Engle, 1994). However, whether higher WMC constitutes activation or monitoring and predicts increased or decreased FM production respectively, remains inconclusive (Watson et al., 2005; Peters et al., 2007; Bixter & Daniel, 2013). When considering SM ability, a relationship has been found between WMC and FM in recall, suggesting that SM mediates this relation (Unsworth & Brewer, 2010). Other work suggests that SM and WMC interact based on the role of memory monitoring in constraining task irrelevant information (Rose, 2013; Lilienthal et al., 2015). From an activation-monitoring perspective (Gallo, 2010), we investigated individual differences in WMC and SM predicting FM in recall and recognition, testing whether the relationships are additive or interactive. Our findings support moderation, suggesting that when SM ability is too high, working memory cannot work as well to monitor and constrain activation in order to reduce FM. Only when WMC was higher and SM was lower did we show a predicted decrease in FM during recognition. This work suggests that protecting mental resources in WMC is more important for constraining FM production than SM ability and we consider the implications for real world false memories and eyewitness testimony.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in Disqualifying Monitoring Underlie False Memories Across Different Paradigms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Ball ◽  
Matthew Kyle Robison ◽  
Gene Arnold Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
False Memory ◽  
Source Monitoring ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
False Memories ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Reading Span ◽  
Common Cause

The current study leveraged experimental and individual differences methodology to examine whether false memories across differing tasks arise from a common cause. Participants completed multiple false memory (DRM and memory conjunction), working memory (operation and reading span), and source monitoring (verbal and picture) tasks. Memory discriminability in the DRM and memory conjunction tasks loaded onto a single (general) factor and were unaffected by warnings provided at encoding. Consistent with previous research, source monitoring ability fully mediated the relation between working memory and false memories. Moreover, individuals with higher source monitoring ability were better able to recall contextual information from encoding to correctly reject lures. These results suggest that there are stable individual differences in false remembering across tasks. The commonality across tasks may be due, at least in part, to the ability to effectively use disqualifying monitoring processes.

Warnings Reduce False Memories for Missing Aspects of Events

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Gerrie ◽  
Maryanne Garry
Keyword(s):  
False Recognition ◽  
Source Monitoring ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Monitoring Framework

When people see movies with some parts missing, they falsely recognize many of the missing parts later. In two experiments, we examined the effect of warnings on people’s false memories for these parts. In Experiment 1, warning subjects about false recognition before the movie (forewarnings) reduced false recognition, but warning them after the movie (postwarnings) reduced false recognition to a lesser extent. In Experiment 2, the effect of the warnings depended on the nature of the missing parts. Forewarnings were more effective than postwarnings in reducing false recognition of missing noncrucial parts, but forewarnings and postwarnings were similarly effective in reducing false recognition of crucial missing parts. We use the source monitoring framework to explain our results.

The visual arrays task…visual storage capacity or attention control?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Martin ◽  
Jason S. Tsukahara ◽  
Christopher Draheim ◽  
Zach Shipstead ◽  
Cody Mashburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
Visual Storage ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
The Relationship

**The uploaded manuscript is still in preparation** In this study, we tested the relationship between visual arrays tasks and working memory capacity and attention control. Specifically, we tested whether task design (selection or non-selection demands) impacted the relationship between visual arrays measures and constructs of working memory capacity and attention control. Using analyses from 4 independent data sets we showed that the degree to which visual arrays measures rely on selection influences the degree to which they reflect domain-general attention control.

Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Schnider
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Standards

This chapter summarizes current interpretations of all forms of confabulations discussed in the book and reviews the relationship between the four forms of memory-related confabulations. Experimental investigation has confirmed the dissociation between various types of false memories and considerably advanced the understanding of the mechanisms of some forms of confabulation, in particular behaviourally spontaneous confabulation and false statements in anosognosia. Overall, experimental evidence is scarce; many models have no controlled experimental basis or extend their proposed range of application well beyond the empirical evidence. The chapter concludes with a call for heightened respect of basic scientific standards in the research on confabulation.

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