Acquisition and extinction under single alternation and random partial-reinforcement conditions with a 24-hour intertrial interval.

1966 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thomas Surridge ◽  
Abram Amsel
Keyword(s):  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Single Alternation

Single-Alternation Patterning with Sucrose Reinforcement and Varied Intertrial Intervals in the Rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1311-1316
Author(s):  
Richard J. Nicholls ◽  
Victor Duch
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Extinction Data ◽  
Sucrose Reward ◽  
Sucrose Reinforcement

Four groups of rats were given single-alternation training in a runway using sucrose reward and then extinguished. Only subjects given training with a short interval (10 sec.) between rewarded and nonrewarded trials and a long interval (40 min.) between nonrewarded and rewarded trials learned patterned responding. This duplicated the results found in classical conditioning with a similar manipulation. The acquisition and extinction data led to the conclusion that intertrial interval cues can be made more important than aftereffects in producing patterning with sucrose reinforcement.

Response Patterning in the Operant-Conditioning Situation with Twenty-Four-Hour Intertrial Interval

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Davis ◽  
Bobby R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Operant Conditioning Chamber ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Conditioning Chamber ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Double Alternation ◽  
Sequential Hypothesis ◽  
Response Patterning

16 female, albino rats served as Ss in an investigation of performance on single and double-alternation sequences of reward-nonreward. Ss were run in an operant conditioning chamber with a 24-hr. intenrial interval. The results indicated that Ss receiving the single-alternation reward-nonreward sequence learned to respond appropriately, i.e., fast on reward days, slow on nonreward days, while Ss run under the double-alternation sequence did not exhibit appropriate responding. The results are seen as being supportive of Capaldi's sequential hypothesis.

Extinction following Various Types of Partial Reinforcement in a Probability Matching Situation

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-318
Author(s):  
B. R. Hergenhahn ◽  
George R. Potts
Keyword(s):  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Probability Matching ◽  
Random Group ◽  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Random Reinforcement ◽  
Alternation Group

The hypothesis that as the discriminability of reinforcement patterns during acquisition goes up resistance to extinction goes down was tested. Ss were given 50 trials of either 50% random reinforcement, 80% random reinforcement, or 50% single alternation reinforcement. The 50% random group showed greatest resistance to extinction, then the 80% random group, and finally the single alternation group, which confirms the hypothesis.

Effect of hippocampal lesions and intertrial interval on single-alternation performance in the rat.

1972 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don W. Walker ◽  
Linda G. Messer ◽  
Gerhard Freund ◽  
Larry W. Means
Keyword(s):  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Single Alternation ◽  
Hippocampal Lesions

Partial Reinforcement Acquisition and Extinction as Function of Odor Control

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Robert E. Prytula ◽  
H. R. Anderson ◽  
Douglas M. Kerr ◽  
Cecil C. Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Goal Speed ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Resistance To Extinction

3 groups of albino rats were run in a runway under the same schedule of reward and nonreward, magnitude of reward, N-length and intertrial interval but differed in terms of odor conditions. Theoretically all groups should have been equally resistant to extinction. The results showed that evacuating odors during acquisition and extinction increased goal speed and resistance to extinction. When odors were not exhausted or were intensified, Ss extinguished at a much faster rate. The study points to the importance of odor control when running Ss in an alley.

Pattern of Reinforcement and Intertrial Interval Effects on Acquisition and Extinction Performance in Humans

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
G. C. Jernstedt
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Intertrial Interval ◽  
Instrumental Conditioning ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Extinction Performance ◽  
Discrete Trial ◽  
Conditioning Situation ◽  
Observing Responses

College students made observing responses in a discrete-trial instrumental-conditioning situation. Intertrial intervals from 1 to 10 sec. were factorially combined with patterns of reinforcement involving different total numbers of non-reinforcements, numbers of successively occurring non-reinforcements, and numbers of non-reinforced—reinforced trial transitions. In agreement with previous studies with rats, Exp. 1 indicated that intertrial interval interacts with pattern of reinforcement and accounts for a large percentage of the total variance. Contrary to previous studies with rats, Exp. 2 indicated that the effects of intertrial interval with humans are due to more than just those intertrial intervals near a non-reinforced—reinforced trial transition. Though much of the basic human and animal partial-reinforcement data are similar, the theoretical accounts apparently should differ.

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