Emotional health and coping in spina bifida after goal management training: A randomized controlled trial.

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Stubberud ◽  
Donna Langenbahn ◽  
Brian Levine ◽  
Johan Stanghelle ◽  
Anne-Kristine Schanke
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 672-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Stubberud ◽  
Donna Langenbahn ◽  
Brian Levine ◽  
Johan Stanghelle ◽  
Anne-Kristine Schanke

AbstractExecutive dysfunction causes significant real-life disability for patients with spina bifida (SB). However, no previous research has been directed toward the amelioration of executive functioning deficits amongst persons with SB. Goal Management Training (GMT) is a compensatory cognitive rehabilitation approach, addressing underlying deficits in sustained attention to improve executive function. GMT has received empirical support in studies of other patient groups. The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of GMT in treating subjects with SB, using inpatient intervention periods. We hypothesized post-intervention changes in scores on neuropsychological measures to reflect improved attentional control, including sustained attention and inhibitory control. Thirty-eight adult subjects with SB were included in this randomized controlled trial. Inclusion was based upon the presence of executive functioning complaints. Experimental subjects (n = 24) received 21 hr of GMT, with efficacy of GMT being compared to results of subjects in a wait-list condition (n = 14). All subjects were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 6-month follow-up. Findings indicated superior effects of GMT on domain-specific neuropsychological measures and on a functional “real-life” measure, all lasting at least 6 months post-treatment. These results show that deficits in executive functioning can be ameliorated in patients with congenital brain dysfunction. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–14)


2020 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 268-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Ingulfsvann Hagen ◽  
Bjørn Lau ◽  
Jutta Joormann ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
Nils Inge Landrø ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sveinung Tornås ◽  
Marianne Løvstad ◽  
Anne-Kristin Solbakk ◽  
Jonathan Evans ◽  
Tor Endestad ◽  
...  

AbstractExecutive dysfunction is a common consequence of acquired brain injury (ABI), causing significant disability in daily life. This randomized controlled trial investigated the efficacy of Goal Management TrainingTM(GMT) in improving executive functioning in patients with chronic ABI. Seventy patients with a verified ABI and executive dysfunction were randomly allocated to GMT (n=33) or a psycho-educative active control condition, Brain Health Workshop (BHW) (n=37). In addition, all participants received external cueing by text messages. Neuropsychological tests and self-reported questionnaires of executive functioning were administered pre-intervention, immediately after intervention, and at 6 months follow-up. Assessors were blinded to group allocation. Questionnaire measures indicated significant improvement of everyday executive functioning in the GMT group, with effects lasting at least 6 months post-treatment. Both groups improved on the majority of the applied neuropsychological tests. However, improved performance on tests demanding executive attention was most prominent in the GMT group. The results indicate that GMT combined with external cueing is an effective metacognitive strategy training method, ameliorating executive dysfunction in daily life for patients with chronic ABI. The strongest effects were seen on self-report measures of executive functions 6 months post-treatment, suggesting that strategies learned in GMT were applied and consolidated in everyday life after the end of training. Furthermore, these findings show that executive dysfunction can be improved years after the ABI. (JINS, 2016,22, 436–452)


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