Choice Reaction Time as a Function of Stimulus versus Response Relative Frequency of Occurrence

Nature ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 212 (5066) ◽  
pp. 1069-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL BERTELSON ◽  
FRANÇOISE TISSEYRE
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence

Search Time as a Function of Context Letter Frequency

Perception ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
C R Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Template Model ◽  
Letter Frequency ◽  
Feature Frequency

Neisser (1967) posits the operation of purely feature analytic processes in the scanning of context letters in search lists. This contention was tested by varying the relative frequency of occurrence in English of the context letters in alphanumeric search lists, while holding their feature content constant. It was hypothesized that faster search time on lists of high-frequency context letters would indicate letter-level processing. Equality of search time would indicate the purely feature-level processing required by Neisser's theory. Context letters were segregated into high- and low-frequency sets and their features defined and held constant according to two feature analyses. This yielded a 2 × 2 design with 22 subjects per condition. Attention was given to the control of feature frequency, size of the context-letter set, and approximation of English at the level of bigram, trigram, and word. Results supported a letter level or template model of processing but were shown also to be explainable in terms of some feature-testing models of pattern recognition. Apparatus which allowed for the removal of reaction time in search lists is described.

Analysis of Task Difficulty under Varying Conditions of Induced Stress

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry W. Thornton ◽  
Paul D. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Task Relatedness ◽  
Related Stress

Two tasks (simple and choice reaction time) were examined while varying three types of stressors (shock, threat of shock, and noise) and the stressor task relationship (i.e., task-related stress, task-unrelated stress, and no-stress). Four specific hypotheses were tested and 3 were supported in the simple reaction-time task. There were no significant differences among stressors for either task, although greater differences were reported in the simple than in the choice reaction-time task. A significant difference between the “task-relatedness” of stress levels in the simple task was interpreted as possibly due to a “coping” or “protective adaptive mechanism” in which increases in performance serve to reduce stress. Practical applications were examined.

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