scholarly journals Tbx15 controls skeletal muscle fibre-type determination and muscle metabolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Y. Lee ◽  
Manvendra K. Singh ◽  
Siegfried Ussar ◽  
Petra Wetzel ◽  
Michael F. Hirshman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type

scholarly journals McArdle disease does not affect skeletal muscle fibre type profiles in humans

Biology Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1224-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Kohn ◽  
T. D. Noakes ◽  
D. E. Rae ◽  
J. C. Rubio ◽  
A. Santalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Mcardle Disease

Epigenetic control of skeletal muscle fibre type

2010 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Baar
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Epigenetic Control

scholarly journals A highly prevalent SINE mutation in the myostatin (MSTN) gene promoter is associated with low circulating myostatin concentration in Thoroughbred racehorses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria O’Hara ◽  
Amélie Cowan ◽  
Dominique Riddell ◽  
Claire Massey ◽  
John Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Thoroughbred Racehorses ◽  
A Cell

AbstractHorse racing is a popular and financially important industry worldwide and researchers and horse owners are interested in genetic and training influences that maximise athletic performance. An association has been found between the presence of a short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) mutation in the myostatin (MSTN) gene promoter and optimal race distance in Thoroughbred horses. There is previous laboratory evidence that this mutation reduces MSTN expression in a cell culture model and influences skeletal muscle fibre type proportions in horses. Manipulating MSTN expression has been proposed for illicit gene doping in human and equine athletes and already, researchers have generated homozygous and heterozygous MSTN-null horse embryos following CRISPR/Cas9 editing at the equine MSTN locus and nuclear transfer, aiming artificially to enhance performance. To date however, the role of the naturally-occurring equine MSTN SINE mutation in vivo has remained unclear; here we hypothesised that it reduces, but does not ablate circulating myostatin expression. Following validation of an ELISA for detection of myostatin in equine serum and using residual whole blood and serum samples from 176 Thoroughbred racehorses under identical management, horses were genotyped for the SINE mutation by PCR and their serum myostatin concentrations measured. In our population, the proportions of SINE homozygotes, heterozygotes and normal horses were 27%, 46% and 27% respectively. Results indicated that horses that are homozygous for the SINE mutation have detectable, but significantly lower (p < 0.0001) serum myostatin concentrations (226.8 pg/ml; 69.3–895.4 pg/ml; median; minimum–maximum) than heterozygous (766 pg/ml; 64.6–1182 pg/ml) and normal horses (1099 pg/ml; 187.8–1743 pg/ml). Heterozygotes have significantly lower (p < 0.0001) myostatin concentrations than normal horses. Variation in serum myostatin concentrations across horses was not influenced by age or sex. This is the first study to reveal the direct functional effect of a highly prevalent mutation in the equine MSTN gene associated with exercise performance. Determining the reason for variation in expression of myostatin within SINE-genotyped groups might identify additional performance-associated environmental or genetic influences in Thoroughbreds. Understanding the mechanism by which altered myostatin expression influences skeletal muscle fibre type remains to be determined.

Skeletal muscle fibre type and capillary density in college-aged blacks and whites

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.J. Duey ◽  
D.R. Bassett ◽  
D.J. Torok ◽  
E.T. Howley ◽  
V. Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Blacks And Whites

scholarly journals A Highly Prevalent SINE Mutation in The Myostatin (MSTN) Gene Promoter Is Associated With Low Circulating Myostatin Concentration in Thoroughbred Racehorses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria O'Hara ◽  
Amelie Cowan ◽  
Dominique Riddell ◽  
Claire Massey ◽  
John Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Thoroughbred Racehorses ◽  
A Cell

Abstract Horse racing is a popular and financially important industry worldwide and researchers and horse owners are interested in genetic and training influences that maximise athletic performance. An association has been found between the presence of a short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) mutation in the myostatin (MSTN) gene promoter and optimal race distance in Thoroughbred horses. There is previous laboratory evidence that this mutation reduces MSTN expression in a cell culture model and influences skeletal muscle fibre type proportions in horses. Manipulating MSTN expression has been proposed for illicit gene doping in human and equine athletes and already, researchers have generated homozygous and heterozygous MSTN-null horse embryos following CRISPR/Cas9 editing at the equine MSTN locus and nuclear transfer, aiming artificially to enhance performance. To date however, the role of the naturally-occurring equine MSTN SINE mutation in vivo has remained unclear; here we hypothesised that it reduces, but does not ablate circulating myostatin expression. Following validation of an ELISA for detection of myostatin in equine serum and using residual whole blood and serum samples from 176 Thoroughbred racehorses under identical management, horses were genotyped for the SINE mutation by PCR and their serum myostatin concentrations measured. In our population, the proportions of SINE homozygotes, heterozygotes and normal horses were 27%, 46% and 27% respectively. Results indicated that horses that are homozygous for the SINE mutation have detectable, but significantly lower (p<0.0001) serum myostatin concentrations (226.8pg/ml; 69.3-895.4pg/ml; median; minimum-maximum) than heterozygous (766pg/ml; 64.6-1182pg/ml) and normal horses (1099pg/ml; 187.8-1743pg/ml). Heterozygotes have significantly lower (p<0.0001) myostatin concentrations than normal horses. Variation in serum myostatin concentrations across horses was not influenced by age or sex. This is the first study to reveal the direct functional effect of a highly prevalent mutation in the equine MSTN gene associated with exercise performance. Determining the reason for variation in expression of myostatin within SINE-genotyped groups might identify additional performance-associated environmental or genetic influences in Thoroughbreds. Understanding the mechanism by which altered myostatin expression influences skeletal muscle fibre type remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide synthase inhibition prevents activity-induced calcineurin-NFATc1 signalling and fast-to-slow skeletal muscle fibre type conversions

2012 ◽  
Vol 590 (6) ◽  
pp. 1427-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. B. Martins ◽  
Mathieu St-Louis ◽  
Gordon K. Murdoch ◽  
Ian M. MacLean ◽  
Pamela McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Slow Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Human skeletal muscle fibre type variations correlate with PPAR?, PPAR? and PGC-1? mRNA

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Krämer ◽  
M. Ahlsén ◽  
J. Norrbom ◽  
E. Jansson ◽  
N. Hjeltnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type

Skeletal muscle fibre type regulation: both MEK1/2 and calcineurin blockade change expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. A33-A33
Author(s):  
J. Higginson ◽  
H. Wackerhage ◽  
N. Woods ◽  
P. Schjerling ◽  
A. Ratkevicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type

The effect of exercise on skeletal muscle fibre type distribution in obesity: From cellular levels to clinical application

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 112-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sintip Pattanakuhar ◽  
Anchalee Pongchaidecha ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn ◽  
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Fibre Type Distribution

Dietary thymol supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fibre type switch in longissimus dorsi of finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 570-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Luo ◽  
Lv Luo ◽  
Weijie Zhao ◽  
Leshan Wang ◽  
Lijuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibre ◽  
Muscle Fibre Type ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Type Switch
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