Test-retest reliability and validity of the Sitting Balance Measure-Korean in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury

Objectives: To assess the test–retest reliability and convergent validity of daily physical activity measures during inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Design: Observational study. Setting: Two inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation centres. Subjects: Participants ( n = 106) were recruited from consecutive admissions to rehabilitation. Methods: Physical activity during inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation stay was recorded on two days via (1) wrist accelerometer, (2) hip accelerometer if ambulatory, and (3) self-report (Physical Activity Recall Assessment for People with Spinal Cord Injury questionnaire). Spearman’s correlations and Bland–Altman plots were utilized for test–retest reliability. Correlations between physical activity measures and clinical measures (functional independence, hand function, and ambulation) were performed. Results: Correlations for physical activity measures between Day 1 and Day 2 were moderate to high (ρ = 0.53–0.89). Bland–Altman plots showed minimal bias and more within-subject differences in more active individuals and wide limits of agreement. None of these three physical activity measures correlated with one another. A moderate correlation was found between wrist accelerometry counts and grip strength (ρ = 0.58) and between step counts and measures of ambulation (ρ = 0.62). Functional independence was related to wrist accelerometry (ρ = 0.70) and step counts (ρ = 0.56), but not with self-report. Conclusion: The test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the instrumented measures suggest that wrist and hip accelerometers are appropriate tools for use in research studies of daily physical activity in the spinal cord injury rehabilitation setting but are too variable for individual use.

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Test-retest reliability of the Quebec user evaluation of satisfaction with assistive technology 2.0-Korean version for individuals with spinal cord injury

Journal of Physical Therapy Science ◽

10.1589/jpts.27.1291 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 1291-1293 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Won-Jeong Hwang ◽

Sujin Hwang ◽

Yijung Chung

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Assistive Technology ◽

User Evaluation ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Korean Version ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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Diagnostic tests to assess balance in patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review of their validity and reliability

Asian Biomedicine ◽

10.2478/abm-2021-0014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

Aatik Arsh ◽

Haider Darain ◽

Irfan Ullah ◽

Syed Shakil-ur-Rehman

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Balance Function ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Sitting Balance ◽

Cord Injury ◽

High Internal Consistency ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Sophisticated biomechanical instruments can assess balance in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) with accuracy and precision; however, they are costly and time consuming to use. Clinical diagnostic tests to assess balance in patients with SCI are less costly and easier to use, but there is limited literature available regarding their reliability and validity. Objectives To review systematically articles reporting the validity and reliability of diagnostic tests used to assess balance function in patients with SCI. Methods We searched for articles in the English language from the earliest record to December 15, 2020, which reported validity or reliability of any clinical instrument or diagnostic test used to assess balance in patients with SCI. Articles assessing balance in paraplegic patients with causes other than SCI were excluded. Databases included MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, HMIC, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist was used to assess the studies included and PRISMA-DTA guidelines were applied. Results We included 16 articles that assessed the validity or reliability of 10 diagnostic tests. The Functional Reach Test (FRT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) were assessed by more than 1 study, while the remaining 7 diagnostic tests including the Function in Sitting Test, T-Shirt Test, Motor Assessment Scale item 3, Sitting Balance Score, 5 Times Sit-to-Stand Test, Tinetti scale, and Sitting Balance Measure were assessed by 1 study each. The FRT has good-to-excellent test–retest reliability, excellent inter-rater reliability, and good construct, concurrent, and convergent validity. The BBS has excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, high internal consistency, and good concurrent and construct validity. The Mini-BESTest has excellent test–retest reliability, excellent inter-rater reliability, high internal consistency, and good concurrent, convergent, and construct validity. Conclusions The FRT, BBS, and Mini-BESTest appear to be valid and reliable clinical instruments to assess balance function in patients with SCI.

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