scholarly journals Nuclear envelope assembly defects link mitotic errors to chromothripsis

Nature ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 561 (7724) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Mijung Kwon ◽  
Mark Mannino ◽  
Nachen Yang ◽  
Fioranna Renda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly

The microtubule aster formation and its role in nuclear envelope assembly around the sperm chromatin inXenopus egg extracts

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (18) ◽  
pp. 1912-1918
Author(s):  
Ning Yang ◽  
Zhongcai Chen ◽  
Ping Lu ◽  
Chuanmao Zhang ◽  
Zhonghe Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Egg Extracts ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly ◽  
Microtubule Aster

BAF is required for emerin assembly into the reforming nuclear envelope

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (24) ◽  
pp. 4575-4585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuko Haraguchi ◽  
Takako Koujin ◽  
Miriam Segura-Totten ◽  
Kenneth K. Lee ◽  
Yosuke Matsuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Lamin B ◽  
The Core ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Recessive Form ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly

Mutations in emerin cause the X-linked recessive form of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). Emerin localizes at the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope (NE) during interphase, and diffuses into the ER when the NE disassembles during mitosis. We analyzed the recruitment of wildtype and mutant GFP-tagged emerin proteins during nuclear envelope assembly in living HeLa cells. During telophase, emerin accumulates briefly at the ‘core’ region of telophase chromosomes, and later distributes over the entire nuclear rim. Barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), a protein that binds nonspecifically to double-stranded DNA in vitro, co-localized with emerin at the ‘core’ region of chromosomes during telophase. An emerin mutant defective for binding to BAF in vitro failed to localize at the ‘core’ in vivo, and subsequently failed to localize at the reformed NE. In HeLa cells that expressed BAF mutant G25E, which did not show ‘core’ localization, the endogenous emerin proteins failed to localize at the ‘core’ region during telophase, and did not assemble into the NE during the subsequent interphase. BAF mutant G25E also dominantly dislocalized LAP2β and lamin A from the NE, but had no effect on the localization of lamin B. We conclude that BAF is required for the assembly of emerin and A-type lamins at the reforming NE during telophase, and may mediate their stability in the subsequent interphase.

scholarly journals Ran GTPase Cycle and Importins α and β Are Essential for Spindle Formation and Nuclear Envelope Assembly in LivingCaenorhabditis elegans Embryos

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4355-4370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Askjaer ◽  
Vincent Galy ◽  
Eva Hannak ◽  
Iain W. Mattaj
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Spindle Formation ◽  
Ran Gtpase ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly ◽  
Importin Α ◽  
Gtpase Cycle

The small GTPase Ran has been found to play pivotal roles in several aspects of cell function. We have investigated the role of the Ran GTPase cycle in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly in dividing Caenorhabditis elegans embryos in real time. We found that Ran and its cofactors RanBP2, RanGAP, and RCC1 are all essential for reformation of the nuclear envelope after cell division. Reducing the expression of any of these components of the Ran GTPase cycle by RNAi leads to strong extranuclear clustering of integral nuclear envelope proteins and nucleoporins. Ran, RanBP2, and RanGAP are also required for building a mitotic spindle, whereas astral microtubules are normal in the absence of these proteins. RCC1(RNAi) embryos have similar abnormalities in the initial phase of spindle formation but eventually recover to form a bipolar spindle. Irregular chromatin structures and chromatin bridges due to spindle failure were frequently observed in embryos where the Ran cycle was perturbed. In addition, connection between the centrosomes and the male pronucleus, and thus centrosome positioning, depends upon the Ran cycle components. Finally, we have demonstrated that both IMA-2 and IMB-1, the homologues of vertebrate importin α and β, are essential for both spindle assembly and nuclear formation in early embryos.

Nuclear Envelope Assembly in Gametes and Pronuclei

2002 ◽  
pp. 111-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Poccia ◽  
T. Barona ◽  
P. Collas ◽  
B. Larijani
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly

Aphidicolin-Sensitive DNA Polymerase Is Incorporated into the Chromatin during Nuclear Envelope Assembly in Xenopus Egg Extract

1995 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Takasuga ◽  
Machiko Murata ◽  
Jinpei Yamashita ◽  
Toshiow Andoh ◽  
Tatsuo Yagura
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Xenopus Egg Extract ◽  
Egg Extract ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly ◽  
Xenopus Egg

scholarly journals Regulation of Nuclear Envelope Assembly/Disassembly by MAP Kinase

1996 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Moos ◽  
Zhe Xu ◽  
Richard M. Schultz ◽  
Gregory S. Kopf
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Map Kinase ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly

scholarly journals Induction of nuclear envelope breakdown, chromosome condensation, and spindle formation in cell-free extracts.

1985 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Lohka ◽  
J L Maller
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Chromosome Condensation ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Spindle Formation ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown ◽  
Multipolar Spindles ◽  
Egg Extracts ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Assembly ◽  
Pronuclear Formation

Incubation of demembranated sperm chromatin in cytoplasmic extracts of unfertilized Xenopus laevis eggs resulted in nuclear envelope assembly, chromosome decondensation, and sperm pronuclear formation. In contrast, egg extracts made with EGTA-containing buffers induced the sperm chromatin to form chromosomes or irregularly shaped clumps of chromatin that were incorporated into bipolar or multipolar spindles. The 150,000 g supernatants of the EGTA extracts could not alone support these changes in incubated nuclei. However, these supernatants induced not only chromosome condensation and spindle formation, but also nuclear envelope breakdown when added to sperm pronuclei or isolated Xenopus liver or brain nuclei that were incubated in extracts made without EGTA. Similar changes were induced by partially purified preparations of maturation-promoting factor. The addition of calcium chloride to extracts containing condensed chromosomes and spindles caused dissolution of the spindles, decondensation of the chromosomes, and re-formation of interphase nuclei. These results indicate that nuclear envelope breakdown, chromosome condensation, and spindle assembly, as well as the regulation of these processes by Ca2+-sensitive cytoplasmic components, can be studied in vitro using extracts of amphibian eggs.

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