scholarly journals Early Events in Skin Appendage Formation: Induction of Epithelial Placodes and Condensation of Dermal Mesenchyme

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall B. Widelitz ◽  
Cheng-Ming Chuong
Keyword(s):  
Skin Appendage ◽  
Appendage Formation

scholarly journals Eda-activated RelB recruits an SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin-remodeling complex and initiates gene transcription in skin appendage formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (32) ◽  
pp. 8173-8178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sima ◽  
Zhijiang Yan ◽  
Yaohui Chen ◽  
Elin Lehrmann ◽  
Yongqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Open Chromatin ◽  
Transcription Profiling ◽  
Baf Complex ◽  
Skin Appendage ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Appendage Formation

Ectodysplasin A (Eda) signaling activates NF-κB during skin appendage formation, but how Eda controls specific gene transcription remains unclear. Here, we find that Eda triggers the formation of an NF-κB–associated SWI/SNF (BAF) complex in which p50/RelB recruits a linker protein, Tfg, that interacts with BAF45d in the BAF complex. We further reveal that Tfg is initially induced by Eda-mediated RelB activation and then bridges RelB and BAF for subsequent gene regulation. The BAF component BAF250a is particularly up-regulated in skin appendages, and epidermal knockout of BAF250a impairs skin appendage development, resulting in phenotypes similar to those of Eda-deficient mouse models. Transcription profiling identifies several target genes regulated by Eda, RelB, and BAF. Notably, RelB and the BAF complex are indispensable for transcription of Eda target genes, and both BAF complex and Eda signaling are required to open chromatin of Eda targets. Our studies thus suggest that Eda initiates a signaling cascade and recruits a BAF complex to specific gene loci to facilitate transcription during organogenesis.

scholarly journals Evolution and developmental diversity of skin spines in pufferfish

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Shono ◽  
Alexandre P. Thiery ◽  
Daisuke Kurokawa ◽  
Ralf Britz ◽  
Gareth J. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Gene Network ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
Scale Type ◽  
Ocean Sunfish ◽  
Skin Appendage ◽  
Appendage Formation ◽  
Conserved Gene ◽  
Extreme Scale ◽  
Huge Variety

AbstractTeleost fishes develop a huge variety of skin ornaments. How these diverse skin structures develop in fishes is unknown. The teleost fish order Tetraodontiformes includes some of the most unusual fishes such as the ocean sunfish, triggerfish and pufferfish, and they all can develop a vast assortment of scale derivatives that cover their bodies. Pufferfish have some of the most extreme scale derivatives, dermal spines, which are erected during their characteristic puffing behavior. Here we show that pufferfish spines develop through conserved gene interactions essential for other vertebrate skin appendage formation, like hair and feathers. However, pufferfish spines form without EDA (ectodysplasin), an essential molecule for the development of most vertebrate skin appendages. Modifying signaling pathways lead to loss or reduction of spine coverage in pufferfish, suggesting a mechanism for skin appendage diversification. We suggest that pufferfish skin spines evolved from a basic teleost scale-type through derived gene network modification in Tetraodontiformes.

scholarly journals p63 in Skin Appendage Development

Cell Cycle ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja L. Mikkola
Keyword(s):  
Appendage Development ◽  
Skin Appendage

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals the genetic basis underlying the development of skin appendages and immunity in hedgehog(Atelerix albiventris)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Ming Li ◽  
Bi-Ze Yang ◽  
Xiu-Juan Zhang ◽  
Hai-Ying Jiang ◽  
Lin-Miao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Appendage Development ◽  
Skin Appendage ◽  
Hair Type ◽  
Spine Development ◽  
Skin Appendages ◽  
Development And Differentiation

Abstract Background: The expression of hair features is an evolutionary adaptation resulting from interactions between many organisms and their environment. Elucidation of the mechanisms that underlie the expression of such traits is a topic in evolutionary biology research; however, the genetic basis of skin appendage development and differentiation remains poorly understood. Therefore, we assessed the de novo transcriptome of the hedgehog ( Atelerix albiventris ) at three developmental stages and compared gene expression profiles between abdomen hair and dorsal spine tissues. Results: We identified 328,576 unigenes in our transcriptome, among which 3,598 were differentially expressed between hair- and spine-type tissues. We identified 3 keratin genes related to hair and spine development through comparative analysis of tissues before and after growth of skin appendages. Dorsal and abdomen skin tissues 5 days after birth were compared and the resulting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in keratin filament, intermediate filament, epithelium cell differentiation, and epidermis development based on GO enrichment analysis, and tight junction, p53, and cell cycle signaling pathways based on KEGG enrichment analysis. Expression variations of MBP8, SFN, Wnt10, KRT1 , and KRT2 may be the main factors regulating hair and spine differentiation for the hedgehog. Strikingly, DEGs in hair-type tissues were also significantly enriched in immune-related terms and pathways with hair-type tissues exhibiting more upregulated immune genes than spine-type tissues. Thus, we propose that spine development was an adaptation that provided protection against injuries or stress and reduced hedgehog vulnerability to infection. Conclusion: Our study provided a list of potential genes involved in the regulation of skin appendage development and differentiation in A. albiventris . This is the first transcriptome survey of hair traits for a non-model mammal species, and the candidate genes provided here may provide valuable information for further studies of skin appendages and skin disorder treatments.

scholarly journals Five New CYLD Mutations in Skin Appendage Tumors and Evidence that Aspartic Acid 681 in CYLD Is Essential for Deubiquitinase Activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Almeida ◽  
Caroline Maillard ◽  
Peter Itin ◽  
Daniel Hohl ◽  
Marcel Huber
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Skin Appendage

scholarly journals Photodynamic Therapy and Skin Appendage Disorders: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Megna ◽  
Gabriella Fabbrocini ◽  
Claudio Marasca ◽  
Giuseppe Monfrecola
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Skin Appendage

scholarly journals Tirisporella gen.nov., an ascomycete from the mangrove palm Nypa fruticans

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. G. Jones ◽  
S. J. Read ◽  
S. T. Moss ◽  
Siti Alsysh Alias ◽  
K. D. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
New Name ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Apical Appendage ◽  
Appendage Formation

Trisporella beccariana comb.nov. is redescribed from decomposing leaf petiole (or rachis) bases of Nypa fruticans recently collected in Malaysia and the Philippines. The superficial ascomata bear bitunicate asci with (3–)5(–7)-septate ascospores that are brown and verrucose, except for the prominent hyaline basal cell, and furnished with a distinctive apical appendage that arises from the spore wall. The ultrastructure of the fungus is contrasted with that of species of Corollospora and Corallicola, with particular reference to the mode of ascospore appendage formation. The species was originally described from a Sarawak collection as Sphaeria beccariana and later transferred to Melanomma and given the new name Melanomma cesatianum. Gibberidea nipae is a synonym. The recent collections were compared with type specimens. The fungus is not properly placed in Melanomma or Gibberidea or other known genera and a new genus Tirisporella is described. Keywords: Ascomycotina, ascospore appendage, mangrove fungus, taxonomy, ultrastracture.

Expression ofFoxi3is regulated by ectodysplasin in skin appendage placodes

2013 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Shirokova ◽  
Maria Jussila ◽  
Marjo K. Hytönen ◽  
Nina Perälä ◽  
Cord Drögemüller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Appendage
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