Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales

The growth of skin appendages, such as hair, feathers and scales, depends on terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. Here, we investigated keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales. Cells were isolated from the skin on the legs of 1-day old chicks and subjected to single-cell transcriptomics. We identified two distinct populations of differentiated keratinocytes. The first population was characterized by mRNAs encoding cysteine-rich keratins and corneous beta-proteins (CBPs), also known as beta-keratins, of the scale type, indicating that these cells form hard scales. The second population of differentiated keratinocytes contained mRNAs encoding cysteine-poor keratins and keratinocyte-type CBPs, suggesting that these cells form the soft interscale epidermis. We raised an antibody against keratin 9-like cysteine-rich 2 (KRT9LC2), which is encoded by an mRNA enriched in the first keratinocyte population. Immunostaining confirmed expression of KRT9LC2 in the suprabasal epidermal layers of scutate scales but not in interscale epidermis. Keratinocyte differentiation in chicken leg skin resembled that in human skin with regard to the transcriptional upregulation of epidermal differentiation complex genes and genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport. In conclusion, this study defines gene expression programs that build scutate scales and interscale epidermis of birds and reveals evolutionarily conserved keratinocyte differentiation genes.

La adopción y uso de las tecnologías digitales en el profesorado universitario: un análisis desde la perspectiva delgénero y la edad

El éxito del proceso educativo mediados por la tecnología, depende en gran medida de la adopción y el uso de la tecnología digital (TD) por parte del profesorado, desde esta corriente se presenta un diagnóstico multivariado sobre el nivel de adopción y uso de las TD, mediante el efecto moderador de las variables género y edad, el estudio se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 280 docentes universitarios que respondieron el cuestionario denominado TAUT conformado por 46 ítems tipo escala de Likert en 5 dimensiones. La metodología aplicada en el estudio es cuantitativa basada en el método no experimental, descriptivo e inferencial, los datos fueron analizados a partir de una comparación de medias, utilizando pruebas no paramétricas. Los resultados se manifiestan por medio del TAUT autoevaluando la adopción y uso de las TD por parte del profesorado, los mismos que logran poseer una aceptación positiva en todas las dimensiones, como también permiten conocer que no existen diferencias significativas en la mayoría de los ítems en función del género como la edad, los mismos que no afectan a la intención del comportamiento del profesorado para adoptar y usar las TD. The success of the educational process mediated by technology depends largely on the adoption and use of digital technology (TD) by teachers, from this current a multivariate diagnosis is presented on the level of adoption and use of TD, through the moderating effect of gender and age variables, the study was conducted with a sample of 280 university teachers who responded to the questionnaire called TAUT consisting of 46 Likert scale type items in 5 dimensions. The methodology applied in the study is quantitative based on the non-experimental, descriptive and inferential method, the data were analyzed from a comparison of means, using non-parametric tests. The results are shown by means of the TAUT self-evaluating the adoption and use of the TD by the teaching staff, the same that manage to have a positive acceptance in all the dimensions, as well as allowing to know that there are no significant differences in most of the items according to gender and age, the same that do not affect the intention of the teaching staff behavior to adopt and use the TD.

E-learning di era pandemi covid-19: Bagaimana aksiologi hasil belajar pendidikan jasmani?

The implementation of education in schools contains values including responsibility, discipline, independence, honesty, creativity and social. The Covid-19 pandemic that is currently happening has become a barrier to learning in schools so that it is diverted online. The aim that you want to know in this study is how the axiology in physical education learning through e-learning in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic? This research is a correlational study using a population of junior high schools in Yogyakarta. The research subjects were 120 people. The sampling technique was chosen randomly by random sampling technique. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale type with a validity and reliability value of the questionnaire with a value of 0.887. The results of this study explain that there is no axiological value relationship in physical education learning through e-learning in the Covid-19 pandemic era with a significant value of 0.264. The axiological value obtained is included in the low category of physical education learning through e-learning in this pandemic era. In this online learning, it is hoped that students can still increase the value of axiology. This increase can be done by habituation in the environment of students, both family, school and social

Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Komunikasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada CV. Bintang Tex Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze whether the variables of leadership style, communication, and work discipline simultaneously and partially affect the performance of employees of CV. Bintang Tex Indonesia. And to find out which variables of leadership style, communication and work discipline that influence dominantly on the performance of employees of CV. Bintang Tex Indonesia. Hypothesis testing is done based on quantitative tests with statistical test equipment, measuring variables using a Likert scale type by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were the employees of CV. Bintang Tex Indonesia. The sampling technique is done by using the saturation sampling technique. The sample of this study was 60 people. The data technique uses multiple linear regression. After conducting research and analysis it can be concluded that the leadership style, communication and work discipline variables have a significant and partial effect on employee performance on the CV. Bintang Tex Indonesia. While the dominant results are based on the beta coefficient value of each leadership style variable (X1) 0.181, communication (X2) 0.509, and work discipline (X3) 0.296. Then the communication variable (X2) dominant effect on employee performance CV. Bintang Tex Indonesia.

Perceived Innovativeness, Entrepreneurship Education, and University Support: A Multilevel Analysis of Students’ Start-Up Intention

Study type: Quantitative<div>Data: Primary data </div><div>Sample size: 398 </div><div>Design: Cross sectional survey</div><div>Respondents: University students </div><div>Degree level: Undergraduate and Post-graduate</div><div>Techniques: Multiple linear regression</div><div>Scale type: 5 point Likert scale</div><div>Software: SPSS</div><div><br></div>

Perceived Innovativeness, Entrepreneurship Education, and University Support: A Multilevel Analysis of Students’ Start-Up Intention

Study type: Quantitative<div>Data: Primary data </div><div>Sample size: 398 </div><div>Design: Cross sectional survey</div><div>Respondents: University students </div><div>Degree level: Undergraduate and Post-graduate</div><div>Techniques: Multiple linear regression</div><div>Scale type: 5 point Likert scale</div><div>Software: SPSS</div><div><br></div>

Simulation and analysis of the effects of room surface reflectance combinations on a proposed retrofit illumination system of an office

Purpose An indoor office space should not only provide adequate illuminance on horizontal planes but also cater to the physiological and psychological requirements of the occupants. This paper aims to describe a lighting simulation-based work conducted in Kolkata, India which modeled an indoor office to investigate the effects of variation in room surface reflectance combinations on user perception, mean room surface exitance (MRSE), average horizontal illuminance and overall uniformity of horizontal illuminance. Design/methodology/approach A fluorescent illumination system–based office space was modeled and retrofitted with tubular LED lamps in DIALux. Simulations were conducted for 16 different room surface reflectance combinations and a five-point Likert scale-type survey questionnaire was formulated to conduct a survey with 32 test subjects to assess the subjective preferability of each resultant light scene. Findings Simulation results demonstrate that the relationship between average horizontal illuminance and MRSE as well as between average horizontal illuminance and overall uniformity of horizontal illuminance, was statistically significant (p < 0.001). In the conducted survey, the resultant light scene arising out of the reflectance combination of wall:ceiling:floor = 60%:90%:20% was the most well-received one with 187 convinced agreements (“agree” and “strongly agree” responses). Originality/value This work found strong linear correlation between average horizontal illuminance and MRSE and between average horizontal illuminance and overall uniformity. A five-point Likert scale-type survey questionnaire with seven questions was formulated and validated with 32 test subjects (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.9295), which showed that the wall:ceiling:floor reflectance combination of 60%:90%:20% was the most favored choice.

Role of Microfinance for Entrepreneurial Success

The main objective of the paper is to analyze the influence of microfinance on entrepreneurial success of Zimbabwean SMEs. Adopting explanatory research design with a sample that constitutes 120 business owners of SMEs in Gweru district data collection was through questionnaire administering that used Likert scale-type questions. The hypotheses are analyzed using Spearman's correlation and regression analysis in order to empirically establish the influence of microfinance on entrepreneurial success. The main regression results show a strong positive relationship between microfinance and entrepreneurial success, a weak negative relationship between the business owner's age and entrepreneurial success, and a positive relationship between the level of studies and entrepreneurial success of Zimbabwean SMEs.