Enhanced electrocatalytic dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on in situ prepared Pd-anchored Ni(OH)2 bifunctional electrodes: synergistic effect between H* formation on Ni(OH)2 and dechlorination steps on Pd

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 5130-5141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Song ◽  
Qiuxiang Liu ◽  
Jinhui Fang ◽  
Weiting Yu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Electrocatalytic Dechlorination

Enhanced dechlorination efficiency is achieved through a synergistic effect: H* formation on Ni(OH)2 and dechlorination steps on Pd.

Isomer Specific Assay of Ester and Salt Formulations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study

1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1163-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S Stevens ◽  
Norman E Skelly ◽  
Robert B Grorud
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay of ester and salt formulations of 2,4-D has been collaboratively studied. The method is specific for 2,4-D isomer and resolves all known impurities from 2,4-D and the internal standard p-bromophenol. In situ saponification, at room temperature, is performed by adding a combined saponification-internal standard solution to ester products. The same saponification- internal standard solution is added to amine salts and the analytical standard. The injected aqueous potassium salt solution of 2,4-D is then converted to the acid form by an acidic buffered mobile solvent of 20% acetonitrile in water. Optimum chromatography is attained by a mobile solvent pH of 2.95 in a reverse phase microparticulate column, by ion suppression. Each of the 9 collaborators received 3 different ester and 2 different amine formulations of 2,4-D. The coefficients of variation of 2,4-D acid equivalent ranged from 1.22 to 1.59%. The method has been adopted as official first action.

scholarly journals Enhanced electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by a Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 12124-12133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxiang Liu ◽  
Yanting Shen ◽  
Shuang Song ◽  
Zhiqiao He
Keyword(s):  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ni Foam ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Electrocatalytic Dechlorination

The Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode enhanced the electrocatalytic dechlorination performance.

Degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by in situ photogenerated fenton reagent

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (13) ◽  
pp. 1981-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sánchez ◽  
José peral ◽  
Xavier Domènech
Keyword(s):  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

scholarly journals Microbial Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on the Greenland Ice Sheet

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (15) ◽  
pp. 5070-5076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Stibal ◽  
Jacob Bælum ◽  
William E. Holben ◽  
Sebastian R. Sørensen ◽  
Anders Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Surface Ice ◽  
Pcr Targeting

ABSTRACTThe Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) receives organic carbon (OC) of anthropogenic origin, including pesticides, from the atmosphere and/or local sources, and the fate of these compounds in the ice is currently unknown. The ability of supraglacial heterotrophic microbes to mineralize different types of OC is likely a significant factor determining the fate of anthropogenic OC on the ice sheet. Here we determine the potential of the microbial community from the surface of the GrIS to mineralize the widely used herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Surface ice cores were collected and incubated for up to 529 days in microcosms simulatingin situconditions. Mineralization of side chain- and ring-labeled [14C]2,4-D was measured in the samples, and quantitative PCR targeting thetfdAgenes in total DNA extracted from the ice after the experiment was performed. We show that the supraglacial microbial community on the GrIS contains microbes that are capable of degrading 2,4-D and that they are likely present in very low numbers. They can mineralize 2,4-D at a rate of up to 1 nmol per m2per day, equivalent to ∼26 ng C m−2day−1. Thus, the GrIS should not be considered a mere reservoir of all atmospheric contaminants, as it is likely that some deposited compounds will be removed from the system via biodegradation processes before their potential release due to the accelerated melting of the ice sheet.

Isomer-Specific Assay of Ester and Salt Formulations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid by Automated High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-872
Author(s):  
Norman E Skelly ◽  
Timothy S Stevens ◽  
David A Mapes
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Precision Data ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Better Than

Abstract An automated high pressure liquid chromatographic method is described for the assay of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in either salt or ester herbicide formulations. The method is specific for the 2,4-D isomer, and resolves all known impurities from 2,4-D and the internal standard. Ester products are assayed similarly to salt formulations, following room temperature in situ saponification. Results are thus obtained for all products as a per cent 2,4-D acid equivalent. Compounds are separated on a reverse phase microparticulate column with acetonitrile-water (20+80), buffered at pH 3. Precision data indicate a relative standard deviation of better than 1%. The method was developed to replace the nonspecific total chlorine, titration, and saponification assay procedures.

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