Plasma Noradrenaline Correlates with α-Adrenoreceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction and Blood Pressure in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 177s-180s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kiowski ◽  
P. Van Brummelen ◽  
F. R. Bühler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. The relationships between plasma noradrenaline concentration at rest and blood pressure, as well as increase in forearm blood flow in response to a brachial artery infusion of the α-adrenoreceptor-blocking agent phentolamine, were investigated in hypertensive and normotensive subjects of similar age. 2. In 44 hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline correlated with systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures, but no difference in the mean plasma noradrenaline concentration was found. 3. In 11 patients and 14 normotensive subjects α-adrenoreceptor blockade resulted in a similar increase in forearm blood flow. Only in the patients, however, was this increase related to plasma noradrenaline and blood pressure. 4. In patients with established essential hypertension plasma noradrenaline can be considered to be a marker of α-adrenoreceptor-mediated vasoconstriction, which, in part, determines the height of the blood pressure.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertension, Phaeochromocytoma and Depression

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 239s-242s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Louis ◽  
A. E. Doyle ◽  
S. N. Anavekar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Lower Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures

1. Mean plasma noradrenaline concentration was elevated in forty-four patients with established essential hypertension. Eighteen of these hypertensive patients had resting plasma noradrenaline concentrations in the normal range. 2. Patients with endogenous depression had higher mean plasma noradrenaline concentrations but significantly lower blood pressure than patients with essential hypertension. 3. Patients with phaeochromocytoma had plasma noradrenaline concentrations twenty-eight times greater than those found in essential hypertension, but blood pressures were less than 20% higher. 4. It is concluded that excess of sympathetic drive only partly explains the level of the blood pressure in essential hypertension.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and α-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction in Normotensive and Hypertensive Man

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kiowski ◽  
F. R. Bühler ◽  
P. Vanbrummelen ◽  
F. W. Amann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Arterial Infusion ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Control Plasma

1. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations and blood pressure were measured in 45 patients with essential hypertension and 34 matched normotensive subjects. Plasma noradrenaline was similar in both groups, but in the hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline correlated with blood pressure. 2. The increase in forearm flow in response to an intra-arterial infusion of phentolamine was determined in 12 of the hypertensive and 14 of the normotensive subjects to assess the α-adrenoceptor-mediated component of vascular resistance. Although the dilator response to phentolamine was similar in both groups, in the hypertensive patients it was correlated with the control plasma noradrenaline (r = 0.83, P<0.01) as well as the height of mean blood pressure (r = 0.73, P<0.01). 3. These results suggest that in hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline can be a marker for both sympathetic activity and the α-adrenoceptor-mediated component of vascular resistance.

Elevated Plasma Adrenaline Reflects Sympathetic Overactivity and Enhanced α-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction in Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 161s-164s ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bolli ◽  
F. W. Amann ◽  
L. Hulthén ◽  
W. Kiowski ◽  
F. R. Bühler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Stressful sympathetic stimulation (cold pressor test) was applied to 18 patients with essential hypertension and 15 normotensive subjects. Intra-arterial blood pressure, heart rate, plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations as well as forearm blood flow were measured before and during the cold pressor test; tests were repeated after regional postsynaptic α1-adrenoceptor blockade with prazosin. 2. Under basal conditions mean blood pressure (P &lt; 0.001), heart rate (P &lt; 0.01), forearm blood flow (P &lt; 0.001) as well as adrenaline concentration (P &lt; 0.01), but not noradrenaline, was higher in patients with essential hypertension. 3. During the cold pressor test, mean blood pressure, heart rate, plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations increased and forearm flow decreased (all P &lt; 0.001). 4. Stress-stimulated plasma adrenaline was higher in essential hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects (P &lt; 0.01). In the former the stress-induced increase in plasma adrenaline correlated with the increase in mean blood pressure (r = 0.514; P &lt; 0.05). 5. Prazosin increased forearm blood flow more in essential hypertension (P &lt; 0.001). This increase correlated with the resting plasma adrenaline in the hypertensive (r = 0.710; P &lt; 0.001), but not in normotensive, subjects. 6. When the cold pressor test was repeated during postsynaptic α1-adrenoceptor blockade forearm blood flow did not decrease; instead it increased further in both groups (P &lt; 0.05). 7. Thus in essential hypertension elevated plasma adrenaline concentration reflects sympathetic overactivity as also expressed by enhanced α-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration in Hypertensive and Normotensive 40-Year-Old Individuals: Relationship to Plasma Renin Concentration

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 181s-183s ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ibsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
H. Hollnagel ◽  
A. Leth ◽  
A. M. Kappelgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Forty-year-old individuals with mild essential hypertension, identified during a survey of a population born in 1936, were investigated. Forty-year-old normotensive subjects, drawn from the same population, served as a control group. 2. Plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin concentration at rest supine and after acute stimulation, as induced by frusemide intravenously and ambulation, did not differ from reference values in the 40-year-old normotensive controls. In the hypertensive group a close correlation (r = 0·77, P &lt; 0·001) was found between plasma noradrenaline and plasma renin concentration after acute stimulation. 3. Sympathetic nerve activity, as defined by measurements of plasma noradrenaline, is normal in mild essential hypertension. Discrepancies described in the literature are probably related to a lack of comparability between hypertensive and normotensive study populations.

Relation of Plasma Noradrenaline to Blood Pressure, Age, Sex and Sodium Balance in Patients with Stable Essential Hypertension and in Normotensive Subjects

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 81s-83s ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Brecht ◽  
W. Schoeppe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Normotensive Control

1. Plasma noradrenaline was measured in 125 patients with stable essential hypertension (WHO I—II) and in 107 normotensive control subjects lying and standing. 2. In normotensive subjects and in patients with essential hypertension no sex-related differences of plasma noradrenaline were found between age-matched groups. 3. Plasma noradrenaline was not related to sodium balance indexed by urinary sodium/creatinine ratio. 4. In patients with essential hypertension plasma noradrenaline increases with age. 5. Mean plasma noradrenaline concentrations are significantly higher in patients with essential hypertension compared with age-matched normotensive subjects both lying and standing. 6. In patients with essential hypertension diastolic blood pressure and heart rate correlated significantly with supine plasma noradrenaline concentrations.

Plasma Noradrenaline as a Measure of Baroreflex Sensitivity in Hypertensive Man

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 165s-168s ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. M. Shepherd ◽  
M.-S. Lin ◽  
T. K. Keeton ◽  
J. L. McNay
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Chronotropic Response ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

1. Changes in plasma noradrenaline levels and heart rate were used as measures of baroreflex sensitivity in six hypertensive subjects given serial incremental doses of sodium nitroprusside (intravenously) to lower blood pressure. 2. The rises in both heart rate and plasma noradrenaline concentration were linearly related to the decrement in blood pressure and inversely related to the severity of the hypertension. 3. A positive correlation between rise in heart rate and rise in plasma noradrenaline was found for each subject. With increasing severity of hypertension, a greater increase in heart rate occurred for each increment in plasma noradrenaline concentration. 4. Baroreflex sensitivity can be assessed by relating changes in heart rate to change in arterial pressure; however, this method does not distinguish the relative contributions of the vagal and sympathetic components of the autonomic neural response or variations in the chronotropic response to sympathetic stimulation. 5. Changes in plasma noradrenaline levels in response to graded reductions in blood pressure may be a more appropriate measure of baroreflex sensitivity than the methods currently used in clinical investigation.

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