Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration in Hypertensive and Normotensive 40-Year-Old Individuals: Relationship to Plasma Renin Concentration

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 181s-183s ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ibsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
H. Hollnagel ◽  
A. Leth ◽  
A. M. Kappelgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Forty-year-old individuals with mild essential hypertension, identified during a survey of a population born in 1936, were investigated. Forty-year-old normotensive subjects, drawn from the same population, served as a control group. 2. Plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin concentration at rest supine and after acute stimulation, as induced by frusemide intravenously and ambulation, did not differ from reference values in the 40-year-old normotensive controls. In the hypertensive group a close correlation (r = 0·77, P < 0·001) was found between plasma noradrenaline and plasma renin concentration after acute stimulation. 3. Sympathetic nerve activity, as defined by measurements of plasma noradrenaline, is normal in mild essential hypertension. Discrepancies described in the literature are probably related to a lack of comparability between hypertensive and normotensive study populations.

Plasma Noradrenaline Correlates with α-Adrenoreceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction and Blood Pressure in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 177s-180s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kiowski ◽  
P. Van Brummelen ◽  
F. R. Bühler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. The relationships between plasma noradrenaline concentration at rest and blood pressure, as well as increase in forearm blood flow in response to a brachial artery infusion of the α-adrenoreceptor-blocking agent phentolamine, were investigated in hypertensive and normotensive subjects of similar age. 2. In 44 hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline correlated with systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures, but no difference in the mean plasma noradrenaline concentration was found. 3. In 11 patients and 14 normotensive subjects α-adrenoreceptor blockade resulted in a similar increase in forearm blood flow. Only in the patients, however, was this increase related to plasma noradrenaline and blood pressure. 4. In patients with established essential hypertension plasma noradrenaline can be considered to be a marker of α-adrenoreceptor-mediated vasoconstriction, which, in part, determines the height of the blood pressure.

Are Racial Differences in Essential Hypertension Due to Different Pathogenetic Mechanisms?

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 383s-386s ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Sever ◽  
W. S. Peart ◽  
T. W. Meade ◽  
I. B. Davies ◽  
D. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
Made In

1. Plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin activity were measured in a control, British, urban population (n = 115) in which blacks were matched for age and sex with whites. 2. Similar measurements were made in subjects with essential hypertension (77 white and 23 black), and 48 healthy normotensive white civil servants. 3. In controls blood pressure was significantly higher in blacks; it correlated with age in both races and with pulse rate in blacks. There were no significant racial differences in plasma noradrenaline which was positively correlated with age in both blacks and whites. Mean plasma renin activity was 55% lower in blacks, and this difference was not related to urinary sodium excretion. 4. In hypertensive subjects plasma noradrenaline positively correlated with age in blacks. This relationship was not found in whites in whom 20% of young hypertensive subjects (<45 years) had significantly raised plasma noradrenaline. Plasma renin activity was again significantly lower in blacks. In white hypertensives plasma noradrenaline and renin activity were significantly correlated. 5. There may be racial differences in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and α-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction in Normotensive and Hypertensive Man

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kiowski ◽  
F. R. Bühler ◽  
P. Vanbrummelen ◽  
F. W. Amann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Arterial Infusion ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Control Plasma

1. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations and blood pressure were measured in 45 patients with essential hypertension and 34 matched normotensive subjects. Plasma noradrenaline was similar in both groups, but in the hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline correlated with blood pressure. 2. The increase in forearm flow in response to an intra-arterial infusion of phentolamine was determined in 12 of the hypertensive and 14 of the normotensive subjects to assess the α-adrenoceptor-mediated component of vascular resistance. Although the dilator response to phentolamine was similar in both groups, in the hypertensive patients it was correlated with the control plasma noradrenaline (r = 0.83, P<0.01) as well as the height of mean blood pressure (r = 0.73, P<0.01). 3. These results suggest that in hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline can be a marker for both sympathetic activity and the α-adrenoceptor-mediated component of vascular resistance.

Determination of Noradrenaline Uptake, Spillover to Plasma and Plasma Concentration in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 311s-313s ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Esler ◽  
G. Jackman ◽  
P. Leonard ◽  
A. Bobik ◽  
Helen Skews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Neuronal Uptake ◽  
Noradrenaline Uptake ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Uptake Of Noradrenaline ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Autonomic Insufficiency

1. The rates of entry of noradrenaline to plasma and of removal of noradrenaline from plasma, and plasma noradrenaline concentration, were determined in normal subjects and in patients with essential hypertension. Neuronal uptake of noradrenaline was assessed from the plasma tritiated noradrenaline disappearance curve, after infusion to steady state. 2. Noradrenaline disappearance was biexponential. Rapid removal was dependent on neuronal uptake, being slowed if neuronal noradrenaline uptake was reduced, either by desipramine in normal subjects, or in patients with sympathetic nerve dysfunction (autonomic insufficiency). 3. In 10 of 41 hypertensive patients the t1 1/2 similarly was prolonged, presumptive evidence of a defect in neuronal noradrenaline uptake. Endogenous noradrenaline escaping uptake after release, and spilling over into plasma, and plasma noradrenaline concentration, were increased in these patients. 4. Defective neuronal uptake of noradrenaline, by exposing adrenoreceptors to high local transmitter concentration, may be important in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension in some patients.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertension, Phaeochromocytoma and Depression

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 239s-242s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Louis ◽  
A. E. Doyle ◽  
S. N. Anavekar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Lower Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures

1. Mean plasma noradrenaline concentration was elevated in forty-four patients with established essential hypertension. Eighteen of these hypertensive patients had resting plasma noradrenaline concentrations in the normal range. 2. Patients with endogenous depression had higher mean plasma noradrenaline concentrations but significantly lower blood pressure than patients with essential hypertension. 3. Patients with phaeochromocytoma had plasma noradrenaline concentrations twenty-eight times greater than those found in essential hypertension, but blood pressures were less than 20% higher. 4. It is concluded that excess of sympathetic drive only partly explains the level of the blood pressure in essential hypertension.

The Influence of Chronic High Alcohol Intake on Blood Pressure, Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and Plasma Renin Concentration

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 377s-379s ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ibsen ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
S. Rasmussen ◽  
Hanne Hollnagel ◽  
M. Damkjaer Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Low Alcohol ◽  
High Alcohol Intake

1. Sixteen 44-year-old males with chronic high alcohol intake were investigated. Seventeen 44-year-old males with low alcohol intake from the same population served as controls. 2. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations did not differ significantly between individuals with high and low alcohol intake, neither at rest nor after acute stimulation induced by ambulation for 15 min. However, 63% (10 out of 16) of the individuals with high intake showed resting values within the upper quartile range for individuals with low intake. 3. Plasma renin concentration was twice as high (P &lt; 0.01) in the group with high alcohol intake as in the group with low intake. 4. Systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.01) in the group with high intake compared with the group with low intake. 5. Sympathetic nerve activity, as defined from measurements of plasma noradrenaline concentration, is not uniformly increased in individuals with chronic high alcohol intake. The mechanisms behind the increased plasma renin level as well as the possible role of the renin-angiotensin system in alcohol-induced hypertension remain unsettled.

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