Atrial natriuretic peptide: an endogenous factor enhancing sodium excretion in man

1986 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Anderson ◽  
Allan Struthers ◽  
Nic Christofides ◽  
Stephen Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes ◽  
Calculated Dose ◽  
Human Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Incremental Concentration ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. For many years experimental evidence has suggested the existence of a circulating factor able to enhance sodium excretion. 2. Very recently peptides with natriuretic activity in experimental animals have been isolated from mammalian and human cardiac tissue. In order to determine whether this natriuretic activity has relevance to man we have studied the effects of an infusion of α-human atrial natriuretic peptide (α-h-ANP) in normal subjects. 3. Sodium excretion trebled (P = <0.005) during the infusion of a calculated dose of 15 pmol of α-h-ANP min−1 kg−1 and there was an accompanying diuresis; radioimmunoassay of plasma α-h-ANP during the natriuresis indicated a mean peak incremental concentration of 203 ± 78 (sem) pmol/l. The infusion of a calculated dose of 1.5 pmol min−1 kg−1 did not affect sodium excretion. 4. There were no haemodynamic changes and no side effects were noted.

Hemodynamic and renal effects following bolus injection of atrial natriuretic peptide (α-hANP) in normal subjects

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S235-S236
Author(s):  
G. MÜLLER-ESCH ◽  
J. POTRATZ ◽  
W. KLINGLER ◽  
R. GERZER ◽  
R. LAWRENZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Renal Effects ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Atrial natriuretic peptide and adaptation of sodium urinary excretion in patients with chronic renal failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislas Czekalski ◽  
Catherine Michel ◽  
Jean-Claude Dussaule ◽  
Philippe Touraine ◽  
Francoise Mignon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Sodium Load ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. In order to examine the potential role of endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in modulating the increased sodium excretion per nephron in chronic renal failure, we studied healthy subjects with normal renal function (group I) and patients with moderate (group II) or severe chronic renal failure (group III) before, during and after administration of an intravenous sodium load. All subjects had been on a controlled diet containing 120 mmol of sodium per day for 5 days before the study. 2. Under basal conditions, plasma ANP and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) were highest in group III. Both parameters increased in response to the sodium load in the three groups studied (P < 0.001). Changes with time differed from group to group (P < 0.05), the more marked response for both parameters being observed in group III. After adjustment with respect to plasma ANP (analysis of covariance), FENa was no longer modified in response to the sodium load, whereas adjustment of FENa with respect to mean blood pressure was without consequence on the significance of its change with time. This demonstrates that plasma ANP, but not mean blood pressure, represents the main factor producing variation in FENa during and after the sodium load. 3. These results suggest an important role for plasma ANP in promoting adaptation of short-term sodium excretion in response to an acute sodium load in patients with chronic renal failure who ingest a normal sodium intake.

Radioimmunoassays of Arginine Vasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide: Application of a Common Protocol for Plasma Extraction Using Sep-Pak C18 Cartridges

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Penney ◽  
D Hampton ◽  
D A Oleesky ◽  
C Livingstone ◽  
E Mulkerrin
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Simultaneous Extraction ◽  
Plasma Extraction ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

A rapid vacuum-driven procedure, using pre-treated Sep-Pak C18 cartridges, has been developed for the simultaneous extraction of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from plasma. Non-specific interference was removed by fractional elution with an aqueous methanol/trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) mixture. AVP and ANP were coeluted under positive pressure with a methanol/TFA mixture and the eluates air-dried before measurement using separate radioimmunoassays. Assay ranges for AVP and ANP were 0·12–29·5 pmol/L and 0·65–162 pmol/L, respectively, with mean recoveries (standard deviation in parentheses) for AVP of 96·4% (5·5%) at a level of 11·8 pmol/L and for ANP of 94·8% (5·9%) at a level of 32·4 pmol/L. The extraction and assay procedures were validated by observing the changes in plasma AVP and ANP concentrations in normal subjects at different stages of hydration and in elderly patients during treatment for congestive cardiac failure.

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide, Altitude and Acute Mountain Sickness

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Milledge ◽  
J. M. Beeley ◽  
S. McArthur ◽  
A. H. Morice
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Mountain Sickness ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. To investigate the mechanisms of acute mountain sickness, 22 subjects travelled to 3100 m by road and the following day walked to 4300 m on Mount Kenya. Control measurements were made over 2 days at 1300 m before ascent and for 2 days after arrival at 4300 m. These included body weight, 24 h urine volume, 24 h sodium and potassium excretion, blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume, and symptom score for acute mountain sickness. In 15 subjects blood samples were taken for assay of plasma aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide. 2. Altitude and the exercise in ascent resulted in a marked decrease in 24 h urine volume and sodium excretion. Aldosterone levels were elevated on the first day and atrial natriuretic peptide levels were higher on both altitude days compared with control. 3. Acute mountain sickness symptom scores showed a significant negative correlation with 24 h urinary sodium excretion on the first altitude day. Aldosterone levels tended to be lowest in subjects with low symptom scores and higher sodium excretion. No correlation was found between changes in haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, 24 h urine volume or body weight and acute mountain sickness symptom score. 4. Atrial natriuretic peptide levels at low altitude showed a significant inverse correlation with acute mountain sickness symptom scores on ascent.

Immunoradiometric assay of atrial natriuretic peptide in unextracted plasma

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Tattersall ◽  
A Dawnay ◽  
C McLean ◽  
W R Cattell
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Disulfide Bridge ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Hook Effect ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Abstract We have developed and validated a two-site liquid-phase immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in unextracted human plasma. Both radiolabeled rabbit anti-ANP IgG and polyclonal mouse anti-ANP must bind to ANP for detection, and the assay is specific for peptides with both an intact C-terminus and a disulfide bridge. The assay sensitivity (detection limit) is 0.96 pmol/L, and the working range is 2.3-300 pmol/L, with the hook effect occurring above 500 pmol/L. Results for diluted plasma from normal subjects and from patients with renal failure paralleled the standard curve; analytical recovery of ANP added to such samples averaged 94%. The between- and within-assay CVs at 8 pmol/L were 10% and 5%, respectively. The assay is sufficiently sensitive and precise to detect the postural change in ANP concentrations in normal subjects.

Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on renal hemodynamics and sodium excretion during human pregnancy

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. F239-F242 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Irons ◽  
P. H. Baylis ◽  
J. M. Davison
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Renal Clearances ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The effect of infused atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on sodium excretion (UNa), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) was studied in 12 normotensive primigravidae at 32 wk gestation [late pregnancy (LP)] and again 4 mo postpartum [nonpregnant (NP)]. Three 20-min steady-state (renal) clearances of inulin and p-aminohippurate were used to measure GFR and ERPF, respectively, before and after infusion of ANP at 2 pmol.kg-1.min-1. Basal plasma ANP (pANP) was increased in LP compared with NP [7.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.3 +/- 0.4 pmol/l (P < 0.0001), respectively]. In LP, infusion of ANP increased pANP from 7.8 +/- 0.6 to 21.8 +/- 1.4 pmol/l (P < 0.00001), which produced a natriuresis [UNa of 0.18 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.25 +/- 0.03 mmol/min (P = 0.03), respectively], with no change in GFR (153 +/- 13 vs. 142 +/- 8 ml/min, P = 0.16) but a significant reduction in ERPF (766 +/- 52 vs. 660 +/- 31 ml/min, P = 0.002). In NP, ANP infusion increased pANP from 3.3 +/- 0.4 to 27.7 +/- 2.5 pmol/l (P < 0.00001), which produced no significant natriuresis [UNa of 0.22 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.26 +/- 0.09 mmol/min (P = 0.15), respectively] and no change in GFR (87 +/- 3 vs. 89 +/- 3 ml/min), but again a reduction in ERPF (486 +/- 17 vs. 414 +/- 9 ml/min, P < 0.001).

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