Failure of angiotensin II to suppress plasma renin activity in normotensive subjects with a positive family history of hypertension

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Eva Palmgren ◽  
Bengt Widgren ◽  
Mattias Aurell
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Family History ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

The renin–angiotensin system is implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Renin release is regulated by a number of factors, including circulating Ang II (angiotensin II), the so-called short feedback loop. The aim of the present study was to investigate the responsiveness of circulating Ang II on PRA (plasma renin activity) in normotensive subjects with a PFH or NFH (positive or negative family history of hypertension respectively). PRA, renal haemodynamics and urinary sodium excretion were measured during infusion of Ang II without and with pretreatment with the AT1 (Ang II type 1) receptor blocker irbesartan. Normotensive men with a PFH (n=13) and NFH (n=10), with a mean age of 38 years, were given on different occasions intravenous Ang II infusions of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 ng·kg−1 of body weight·min−1 before and after pretreatment with 150 mg of irbesartan once a day for 5 consecutive days. RPF (renal plasma flow) and GFR (glomerular filtration rate) were also measured. Before Ang II infusion, the PFH and NFH groups did not differ with respect to BP (blood pressure), body mass index, PRA, RBF (renal blood flow) or urinary sodium. There was no difference in BP or renal haemodynamic response to the highest Ang II dose between the groups. PRA declined with the highest Ang II dose (P<0.01) in subjects with a NFH, but not in subjects with a PFH. After treatment with irbesartan when Ang II had no effect on BP in either group, Ang II also suppressed PRA in subjects with a PFH (P<0.01), and the difference between the groups at baseline was thus eliminated. In conclusion, these findings indicate that subjects with a PFH have a defective Ang II suppression of PRA, which is corrected by AT1 receptor blockade.

An epidemiological study of plasma renin activity in schoolchildren in Japan: distribution and its relation with family history of hypertension

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhei Shibutani ◽  
Kunihiro Sakamoto ◽  
Shingo Katsuno ◽  
Sachiko Yoshimoto ◽  
Takamaro Matsuura
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Influence of Family History of Hypertension on the Relationships between Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Electrolyte Metabolism, Renin, Prolactin and Parathormone

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 359s-362s ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wessels ◽  
D. Hoffmann ◽  
H. Wagner ◽  
H. Zumkley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Family History ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

1. The influence of family history of hypertension on the relationships between blood pressure, relative body weight, sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine, plasma renin activity and the plasma concentration of prolactin and parathormone were examined in 102 healthy male students. 2. Grouping together results from all students showed significant positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and prolactin, parathormone as well as relative body weight, between plasma renin activity and prolactin and a significant negative correlation between plasma renin activity and sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine. 3. By dividing the students into two groups according to their family history of hypertension we could demonstrate in those with family history of hypertension a highly significant positive correlation between mean blood pressure and sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine and an improvement of the correlations between systolic blood pressure and prolactin and between sodium/creatinine ratio of the 24 h urine and plasma renin activity. In students without family history of hypertension these relationships were no longer detectable. In the students without family history of hypertension the correlations between systolic blood pressure and relative body weight as well as between plasma renin activity and prolactin gained substantially in significance. In students with positive family history of hypertension these correlations could no longer be demonstrated. The correlations between systolic blood pressure and parathormone remained unaffected by family history of hypertension. 4. The results suggest that a genetic predisposition to essential hypertension is able to intensify the blood pressure effect of Na intake and of prolactin, which, besides its function as a sex hormone, is presumed additionally to be able to retain salt. However, the positive relationship between body weight and blood pressure, as well as between plasma renin activity and prolactin, the significance of which increases greatly in subjects without family history of hypertension, appears to be lost as the result of the increased sensitivity to salt in positive family history of hypertension.

Effect of age on plasma aldosterone response to exogenous angiotensin II in normotensive subjects

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoyu Takeda ◽  
Shinpei Morimoto ◽  
Kenzo Uchida ◽  
Isamu Miyamori ◽  
Tetsuji Hashiba
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

Abstract. The plasma aldosterone response to angiotensin II (10 ng/kg/min for 30 min, iv) under conditions of varied sodium intake was studied in 10 young subjects (20 to 35 years), 9 middle-aged (41 to 56 years) and 11 elderly (66 to 73 years) normotensive subjects. Basal plasma renin activity, basal plasma level and urinary excretion of aldosterone were significantly lower in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged groups on both 130 and 25 mEq sodium intakes. When sodium intake was reduced to 25 mEq for 3 days, the weight loss was significantly greater in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged groups. No significant differences in blood pressure and serum electrolytes were found between the three groups. Angiotensin II infusion caused significant increases in the mean blood pressure in all the three groups, but to a greater extent in the elderly group. Plasma aldosterone level and its absolute increment, but not its per cent increment, after angiotensin II infusion were significantly lower in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged groups. In combined young, middleaged and elderly subjects, the absolute plasma aldosterone increment correlated positively with basal plasma aldosterone and plasma renin activity levels on a 25 mEq sodium intake, and with plasma renin response to sodium restriction. These results suggest that ageing may cause a lesser plasma aldosterone response to angiotensin II with a decrease in basal plasma aldosterone, in parallel with a decrease in plasma renin activity, under condition of low sodium diet.

Evidence for the Local Occurrence of Angiotensin II in Rat Kidney and its Modulation by Dietary Sodium Intake and Converting Enzyme Blockade

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. O. Mendelsohn
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Converting Enzyme

1. Angiotensin II (ANG II) was measured in acid-ethanol homogenates of rapidly frozen rat kidneys by a method involving ion-exchange and immunoadsorbent purification of peptides before radioimmunoassay. 2. Concentrations of ANG II found in kidney were 10–20 times that in plasma. 3. Perfusion of the kidneys via the renal artery with isotonic sodium chloride solution or with disodium EDTA solution did not alter the concentrations of intrarenal ANG II. 4. Animals fed on a sodium-deficient diet for 8 days had markedly higher concentrations of intrarenal ANG II, plasma renin activity and kidney renin concentration than sodium-replete animals. 5. After oral sodium loading for 3 weeks, rats had suppressed plasma renin activity and kidney renin concentration but unchanged intrarenal ANG II when compared with animals on a normal sodium intake. 6. One hour after the administration of a converting enzyme inhibitor (SQ 20881) plasma renin activity was elevated, kidney renin concentration unchanged and intrarenal ANG II was depressed. 7. These results demonstrate the presence of ANG II in the extravascular compartment of the kidney. They further suggest that its quantity is influenced by sodium intake and that angiotensin I converting enzyme is essential for its formation.

Angiotensin II receptor subtypes in renal cortex of rats and rhesus monkeys

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (3) ◽  
pp. F512-F518 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Gibson ◽  
H. H. Thorpe ◽  
M. E. Cartwright ◽  
J. D. Frank ◽  
T. W. Schorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
At2 Receptors

The angiotensin II (ANG II) receptor has recently been shown to exhibit subtypes with respect to antagonist binding. Of particular interest are the potent nonpeptide antagonists, DUP 753 and PD 121981, which exhibit selectivity for the subtype 1 (AT1) and subtype 2 (AT2) receptors, respectively. We used these high-affinity antagonists in competition with 125I-[Sar1,Ile8]ANG II to determine autoradiographically the distribution of these ANG II-receptor subtypes in the renal cortex of rats and rhesus monkeys. Binding of the radioligand to receptor in sections of rat renal cortex was inhibited by DUP 753; inhibition by PD 121981 was not detected. By contrast, AT1 and AT2 receptors are present in the renal cortex of rhesus monkeys in regionally distinct structures. DUP 753 inhibited binding to the ANG II receptor in glomeruli. PD 121981 inhibited binding to arterial smooth muscle and the juxtaglomerular (JG) apparatus. The JG apparatus also exhibits radioligand binding, which is inhibited by DUP 753. The effect of DUP 753 and PD 123177 (a more water-soluble analogue of PD 121981) on changes in plasma renin activity was examined to determine if one or both of these subtypes participate in the ANG II-mediated negative feedback of control of renin release. Although DUP 753 increased plasma renin activity to the same extent as the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalaprilat, in rats and rhesus monkeys, the AT2 antagonists did not affect renin release in either species. Thus both subtypes of ANG II receptor are present in rhesus monkey cortex, but a function for only the AT1 subtype was demonstrated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document