Effects of Syllable Affiliation and Consonant Voicing on Temporal Adjustment in a Repetitive Speech-Production Task

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Timing Constraints ◽  
Temporal Consistency ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Consonant Voicing

This paper presents the results of an acoustic speech-production experiment in which speakers repeated simple syllabic forms varying in consonantal voicing in time to a metronome that controlled repetition rate. Speakers exhibited very different patterns of tempo control for syllables with onsets than for syllables with codas. Syllables with codas exhibited internal temporal consistency, leaving junctures between the repeated syllables to take up most of the tempo variation. Open syllables with onsets, by contrast, often exhibited nearly proportional scaling of all of the acoustic portions of the signal. Results also suggest that phonemic use of vowel duration as a cue to voicing acted to constrain temporal patterns with some speakers. These results are discussed with respect to possible models of local temporal adjustment within a context of global timing constraints.

Developmental Use of Vowel Duration as a Cue to Postvocalic Stop Consonant Voicing

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Ellen Krause
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Normal Language ◽  
Vowel Lengthening ◽  
Consonant Voicing

This developmental study investigated vowel duration as a cue to postvocalic consonant voicing. Ten trials of six test words, spoken by 10 3-year-olds, 10 6-year-olds, and 10 adults, all with normal language and articulation and hearing, were analyzed. A significant interaction between the speaker's age and the voicing feature of the postvocalic consonant was found on measures of total vowel duration. The duration of vowels preceding voiceless stops was similar across ages, but vowel duration preceding voiced stops decreased sharply with age. In addition, decreased variability of vowel duration was observed with increasing age. Consideration is given to processes of exaggerated vowel lengthening and vowel shortening to describe children's acquisition of this voicing cue. The same subjects and stimulus words used in the production experiment were used in a previous perception experiment. Qualitative comparisons between the production and perception data revealed parallel refinement in the use of vowel duration as a function of age.

Effects of duration and phonological length of the preceding/following segments on perception of the length contrast in Japanese

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Takeyasu ◽  
Mikio Giriko
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Vowel Length ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Phonological Length

This chapter assesses the influence of preceding vowel duration on the perception of singleton/geminate stops in Japanese. Through a perception experiment, it is shown that the identification of consonant length (singleton/geminate) is affected by both the physical duration and the phonological length of the preceding vowel, the former being an ‘assimilative’ effect and the latter being a ‘contrastive’ effect. The physical duration and the phonological length of the following consonant affect the identification of vowel length (short/long), but the former effect is not observable when the following consonant is perceived as geminate. Results of a production experiment also demonstrate that the effects of preceding vowel duration in speech perception are parallel to the contextual variations in preceding vowel duration in speech production.

Differences in Children’s Sound Production When Speaking With a Cochlear Implant Turned On and Turned Off

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Tye-Murray ◽  
Linda Spencer ◽  
Elizabeth Gilbert Bedia ◽  
George Woodworth
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Proprioceptive Feedback ◽  
Speech Sample ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Monosyllabic Words ◽  
Consonant Voicing ◽  
Vowel Height

Twenty children who have worn a Cochlear Corporation cochlear implant for an average of 33.6 months participated in a device-on/off experiment. They spoke 14 monosyllabic words three times each after having not worn their cochlear implant speech processors for several hours. They then spoke the same speech sample again with their cochlear implants turned on. The utterances were phonetically transcribed by speech-language pathologists. On average, no difference between speaking conditions on indices of vowel height, vowel place, initial consonant place, initial consonant voicing, or final consonant voicing was found. Comparisons based on a narrow transcription of the speech samples revealed no difference between the two speaking conditions. Children who were more intelligible were no more likely to show a degradation in their speech production in the device-off condition than children who were less intelligible. In the device-on condition, children sometimes nasalized their vowels and inappropriately aspirated their consonants. Their tendency to nasalize vowels and aspirate initial consonants might reflect an attempt to increase proprioceptive feedback, which would provide them with a greater awareness of their speaking behavior.

Acoustic and Kinematic Correlates of Heterosyllabicity in Different Phonological Contexts

2022 ◽  
pp. 002383092110657
Author(s):  
Chiara Celata ◽  
Chiara Meluzzi ◽  
Chiara Bertini
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Structure Data ◽  
Syllable Structure ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Phonological Contrast ◽  
Consonant Gemination ◽  
Production Dynamics ◽  
Kinematic Properties

We investigate the temporal and kinematic properties of consonant gemination and heterosyllabic clusters as opposed to singletons and tautosyllabic clusters in Italian. The data show that the singleton versus geminate contrast is conveyed by specific kinematic properties in addition to systematic durational differences in both the consonantal and vocalic intervals; by contrast, tautosyllabic and heterosyllabic clusters differ significantly for the duration of the consonantal interval but do not vary systematically with respect to the vocalic interval and cannot be consistently differentiated at the kinematic level. We conclude that systematic variations in acoustic vowel duration and the kinematics of tongue tip gestures represent the phonetic correlates of the segmental phonological contrast between short and long consonants, rather than of syllable structure. Data are only partly consistent with the predictions of both moraic and gesture-based models of the syllable about the effects of syllable structure on speech production dynamics and call for a more gradient view of syllabification.

Interarticulator Coordination in Dysarthria

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1247-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Weismer ◽  
Yana Yunusova ◽  
John R. Westbury
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Global Synchronization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acoustic Target ◽  
Temporal Location ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Articulatory discoordination is often said to be an important feature of the speech production disorder in dysarthria, but little experimental work has been done to identify and specify the coordination difficulties. The present study evaluated the coordination of labial and lingual gestures for /u/ production in persons with Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and in control participants. Both tongue backing/raising and reduction of the area enclosed by the lips can produce the characteristic low F2 of /u/. The timing of these articulatory gestures with respect to the acoustic target of a low F2 was inferred from X-ray microbeam data. Pellet motions of the tongue dorsum and lips revealed the timing of the lingual and labial gestures to be strongly linked together (synchronized), predictive of the temporal location of the lowest F2 within the vocalic nucleus, and scaled proportionately to the overall vowel duration in control participants. Somewhat surprisingly, essentially the same findings were obtained in the speakers with dysarthria. These relationships were noisier among the speakers with dysarthria, but the global synchronization patterns applied to all 3 groups. Further analyses revealed the synchronization to be less well defined and more variable across speakers with ALS, as compared to speakers with PD and the controls. Results are discussed relative to concepts of coordination in dysarthria.

A jet production experiment using the high-repetition rate Astra laser

2009 ◽  
Vol 322 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Waugh ◽  
C. D. Gregory ◽  
L. A. Wilson ◽  
B. Loupias ◽  
E. Brambrink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetition Rate ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
Jet Production ◽  
High Repetition ◽  
Production Experiment

Characteristics of Speech Production after Tracheoesophageal Puncture

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Robbins ◽  
John Christensen ◽  
Gail Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Puncture ◽  
Offset Time

Voice onset time (VOT) and vowel duration characteristics of speakers following the Singer-Blom technique of tracheoesophageal puncture (1980) were compared to those of traditional esophageal and laryngeal speakers. Fifteen subjects in each of the three speaker groups produced the words /pik/, /kup/, and /kup/ in a carrier phrase while audio recordings were obtained. Broadband spectrograms were made of the consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) utterances and vowel duration and VOT were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures revealed that the tracheoesophageal speakers produced significantly shorter VOTs and longer vowel durations than the laryngeal speakers. However, the longer vowel durations for the traeheoesophageal speakers were not completely accounted for by the shorter VOTs found for that group. Spectrographic examination suggests that delayed voice offset time for the tracheoesophageal speakers also contributes to their longer vowel durations. Overall findings indicate that the physical characteristics and motor control properties of the neoglottis, even when driven by pulmonary air as in tracheoesophageal speakers, exert a major influence on alaryngeal voice production.

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