A study on supracondylar spur (process) of humerus - a case report

AbstractThe supracondylar spur of humerus is one of the rare anatomic variation of distal end of humerus. The overall incidence is 0.3-2.7 % of the general population, here the authors report a case of supracondylar spur of humerus that was observed during a study of 100 humeri. The spur was found in the antero-medial aspect of the left humerus, 5.4 cm above the medial epicondyle. It was triangular in shape and measured about 0.8 cm in length and was directed medially and forwards. The spur was 6.5 cm above the tip of the trochlea and 23.6 cm inferior to the highest point of head of humerus. A knowledge of this anatomic variation is essentially important for clinicians, surgeons and anaesthetists, as this spur if associated with Struthers' ligament will lead to a compression of the median nerve and the brachial artery. A knowledge of this variation is also important for the radiologists during image interpretation.

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Accessory coracobrachialis muscle with two bellies and abnormal insertion - case report

Acta Medica Academica ◽

10.5644/ama2006-124.173 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

George Paraskevas ◽

Konstantinos Koutsouflianiotis ◽

Kalliopi Iliou ◽

Theodosis Bitsis ◽

Panagiotis Kitsoulis

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Vascular Compression ◽

Embryological Development ◽

Middle Region ◽

Usual Site ◽

Left Humerus

Objective. In the current study a brief review is presented of the coracobrachialis muscle’s morphological variability, action, embryological development and clinical significance. Case report. We report a case of a left-sided coracobrachialis muscle consisting of two bellies. The deep belly inserts into the usual site in the middle area of the anteromedial aspect of the left humerus, whereas the superficial belly inserts through a muscular slip into the brachial fascia and the medial intermuscular septum, forming a musculo-aponeurotic tunnel in the middle region of the left arm, for the passage of the median nerve, brachial artery and veins, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve and ulnar nerve. Conclusion. Awareness of such a muscle variant should be kept in mind by physicians and surgeons during interpretation of neural and vascular disorders of the upper limb, since such a variant may potentially lead to entrapment neuropathy and/or vascular compression, predisposing to neurovascular disorders, as well as during preparation of that muscle in cases of utilizing it as a graft in reconstruction of defects.

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A rare branching pattern of ulnar nerve in the lower arm

Journal of Morphological Sciences ◽

10.4322/jms.058513 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 31 (03) ◽

pp. 159-161

Author(s):

O. Oyedun ◽

O. Onatola ◽

C. Kanu ◽

O. Zelibe

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Ulnar Nerve ◽

Surgical Repair ◽

Medial Epicondyle ◽

Branching Pattern ◽

Medial Aspect ◽

Nerve Blockade ◽

Male Cadaver

Abstract Introduction: The ulnar nerve is one of the two terminal branches of the medial cord. It passes down the medial aspect of the arm and runs posterior to medial epicondyle to enter the forearm without branching. Previously, ulnar nerve variations have been consistently located in origin or course of the distal branches. Case Report: In this present case, an unreported rare bifurcation of ulnar nerve was seen in the left lower arm of a 65 year male cadaver with the resulting posteromedial and anterolateral branches arising above the medial epicondyle in.Its phylogeny and implications are discussed in detail. Conclusion: A lack of awareness of variations might complicate surgical repair and may cause ineffective nerve blockade.

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Variant insertion of coracobrachialis muscle-morphological significance, embryological basis and clinical importance

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v6i2.3616 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 42-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R Guha ◽

N Satyanarayana ◽

CK Reddy ◽

N Jayasri ◽

V Nitin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Median Nerve ◽

Ulnar Nerve ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Proximal Part ◽

Medial Epicondyle ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Medial Border ◽

Male Cadaver ◽

Anomalous Insertion

The coracobrachialis muscle in the arm is morphologically the sole representative of adductor group muscle in the arm, but such function during the process of evolution became insignificant in man. It is more important morphologically than functionally. Variant insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle was found during routine dissection of an adult male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences, and Bharatpur, Nepal. Normally the coracobrachialis muscle is inserted into the middle of the medial border of the humerus. In the present case an additional slender tendon passed inferiorly, crossing anterior to the median nerve and brachial artery, before attaching to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Most of the proximal part of the tendon gave rise to an aponeurotic expansion that inserted into the distal medial border of the humerus. The tendinous insertion and aponeurotic expansion may represent a variant of the coracobrachialis longus (Wood's) muscle and the internal brachial ligament or the ligament of Struthers. The ulnar nerve was found to be traversing below the aponeurotic expansion. This type of anomalous insertion of coracobrachialis muscle may lead to compression of median nerve, brachial artery and ulnar nerve. Key words: Coracobrachialis muscle; ligament of Struthers; median nerve; brachial artery; ulnar nerve. DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v6i2.3616 Journal of college of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010, Vol.6, No-2, 42-46

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A rare high division of brachial artery and its variation in relation to median nerve: a case report

Journal of Anatomical Society of India ◽

10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.216 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 ◽

pp. S19-S20

Author(s):

D. Dhurandhar ◽

M. Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Brachial Artery

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Median nerve entrapment in an adolescent medial epicondyle fracture of humerus: a case report

Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery ◽

10.14744/tjtes.2020.45742 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ömer Cengiz

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Medial Epicondyle ◽

Nerve Entrapment ◽

Medial Epicondyle Fracture

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Traumatic brachial artery injury successfully treated with a stent-graft: A case report

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/02184923211019850 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 021849232110198

Author(s):

Yohei Kawatani ◽

Takeshi Mochizuki ◽

Takaki Hori

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Case Report ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Stent Grafts ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Imaging Guidance ◽

Artery Injury ◽

Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽

Left Humerus

There are few reports on brachial artery injury treated with stent-grafts. A 69-year-old man presented with a crush injury to the left upper arm. Enhanced computed tomography revealed left humerus fracture and disruption of the blood flow of the brachial artery along with paresis of the forearm. Following external fixation of the fracture, we performed endovascular therapy for brachial artery injury. Using real-time ultrasound imaging guidance, the injured lesion was crossed by the wire, and Viabahn endoprosthesis was placed in the left brachial artery. Hemostasis was achieved, and blood flow to the forearm was restored. Subsequently, the paresis improved.

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Bilateral high origin of terminal branches of brachial artery : a case report

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3401750 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 03 (03) ◽

pp. 162-165

Author(s):

Amitav Sarma ◽

Bishwajeet Saikia

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Main Trunk ◽

Pronator Teres ◽

Superficial Branch ◽

Interosseous Artery ◽

Cubital Fossa ◽

Developmental Variations

AbstractA case of bilateral high termination of brachial artery was found during a cadaveric dissection at NEIGRIHMS, Meghalaya. The brachial artery of both arms in the upper 113rd divided into supericial and deep branches, the superficial artery was observed anteromedial and the deep artery posteromedial in relation to the median nerve. In the cubital fossa, the deep artery passed beneath the pronator teres muscle to give common interosseous artery which divided into anterior and posterior interosseous branches. The main trunk followed normal ulnar arterial course. In both the arms, the superficial branch of brachial artery remained lateral to the median nerve to reach the cubital fossa where it passed deep to the bicipital aponeurosis and descended just beneath the brachioradials muscle, following the normal course of radial artery. These developmental variations were thoroughly discussed and compared with previously published findings with their clinical importance.

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Anomalies of radial and ulnar arteries

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro ◽

10.1590/1677-5449.011716 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 56-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajani Singh ◽

Rashmi Malhotra ◽

Munish Wadhawan

Keyword(s):

Median Nerve ◽

Radial Artery ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Ulnar Artery ◽

Medial Epicondyle ◽

Lateral Side ◽

Flexor Muscles ◽

Teres Major ◽

The Right ◽

Anomalous Formation

Abstract During dissection conducted in an anatomy department of the right upper limb of the cadaver of a 70-year-old male, both origin and course of the radial and ulnar arteries were found to be anomalous. After descending 5.5 cm from the lower border of the teres major, the brachial artery anomalously bifurcated into a radial artery medially and an ulnar artery laterally. In the arm, the ulnar artery lay lateral to the median nerve. It followed a normal course in the forearm. The radial artery was medial to the median nerve in the arm and then, at the level of the medial epicondyle, it crossed from the medial to the lateral side of the forearm, superficial to the flexor muscles. The course of the radial artery was superficial and tortuous throughout the arm and forearm. The variations of radial and ulnar arteries described above were associated with anomalous formation and course of the median nerve in the arm. Knowledge of neurovascular anomalies are important for vascular surgeons and radiologists.

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