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Author(s):  
Satoshi Shimawaki ◽  
Izumi Urakami

Examination of vascular endothelial function can help infer atherosclerosis progression. This study investigated whether vascular visualization by near-infrared (NIR) light can detect vasodilatation after cuff pressure release of the upper arm and what the correlation is between the brightness decrease ratio (R1) corresponding to vasodilation and the reactive hyperemia index (RHI). We obtained finger vascular images of 53 male subjects by photographing NIR light (wavelength 850 nm) transmitted through the middle phalanx of the middle finger with a charge-coupled device camera. The upper arm was compressed for 10 min using a cuff (200 mmHg), and vascular images before and after cuff compression release were obtained. We analyzed the finger vascular images by NIR light and digital pulse volume using endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry (Endo-PAT). We also calculated the average brightness of each vascular image. Using only the data of the ischemic finger, R1 was defined using the average brightness just before cuff release and the minimum average brightness after cuff release. The brightness of vascular images of the ischemic finger decreased after cuff release probably because of vasodilation. We found significant correlation between R1 and the RHI (r = 0.52; P < 0.001). R1 in the lowest RHI quartile was significantly smaller compared to the highest and second-highest RHI quartiles (P < 0.05). Vascular visualization by NIR light can detect vasodilation after cuff release. This is significantly correlated with the RHI on Endo-PAT.


2022 ◽  
pp. 154596832110628
Author(s):  
Scott Frey ◽  
Binal Motawar ◽  
Kelli Buchanan ◽  
Christina Kaufman ◽  
Phil Stevens ◽  
...  

Hand loss profoundly impacts daily functioning. Reversal of amputation through hand replantation or transplantation offers an alternative to prosthetics for some. Whether recipients exhibit more extensive and natural limb use during everyday life than prosthesis users is, however, unknown. We asked unilateral, below-elbow amputees (N = 22), hand graft recipients (transplants N = 4; replants N = 2), and healthy matched controls (N = 20) to wear wireless accelerometers distally on their forearms/prostheses and proximally on their upper arms. These units captured limb activity over 3 days within participants’ natural environments. Graft recipients exhibited heavier reliance on their affected hands compared to amputees’ reliance on their prostheses, P < .001. Likewise, reliance on the injured side upper arm was also greater for hand graft recipients than amputees, regardless of whether they were wearing their prostheses, P < .05 in both cases. Hand graft recipients, like healthy controls, also relied more on forearm vs upper arm movements when controlling their limbs, P < .001. Compared with conventional prosthesis users, graft recipients exhibited more extensive and natural functioning of the upper limbs during everyday activities. This information is an important addition to other considerations when evaluating risk-benefit of these treatment alternatives.


2022 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Chong Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Chong Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Lamsal ◽  
Kedar Raj Parajuli ◽  
Bhim Kumari Pun ◽  
Ramesh Prasad Adhikari ◽  
Manoj Bashyal ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1120-1127
Author(s):  
Neti Mustikawati ◽  
Dian Kartikasari

AbstractThe nutritional status of children is one of the important indicators in assessing the health status of children. Assessment of the nutritional status of children is done by monitoring the growth of children. Growth monitoring can be carried out by measuring weight (BB), body length (PB) for children under 24 months of age or height (TB) for children aged 24 months and over, and measuring head circumference (LK), added to the measurement of the upper arm circumference (LLA/LILA). Growth monitoring is carried out every 3 months for children aged 0 to 24 months, and every 6 months for children aged 30 to 72 months. TK ‘Aisyiyah Batik Pekajangan is an early childhood education school (PAUD) which has a total number of students around 71 children. The school has carried out weighing and measuring height and measuring the circumference of the child's upper arm at the end of each semester (6 months) which are carried out independently by the teacher. The school also has equipment facilities in the form of weight scales and height measurements as well as measuring tapes. However, what has been done is limited to measurements that are documented in a reporting record. This monitoring was not followed up with conclusions from the measurement results to determine the nutritional status of children, because the assistance provided by health workers from the health centers was not optimal. The purpose of this community service activity is to identify the nutritional status of children. The community service method is carried out by direct detection through the measurement of BB, TB, LK, and LILA. This activity was carried out for 2 days and was attended by 59 children. The results of the activity showed that most of the children (78%) were in the category of good nutritional status, 10% were undernourished, 7% were obese, and 5% were overnourished. LILA data obtained 100% of children in the normal category and for LK data it was found that most (90%) children were in the normal category and 10% of children were microcephaly. There is still a need for a re-assessment to ensure the child's condition and follow-up in the form of collaboration between the school, parents, and also related health facilities to carry out management for children who are still experiencing problems in growth.Keywords: growth detection, nutritional status,kindergartner AbstrakStatus gizi anak merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam penilaian status kesehatan anak. Penilaian status gizi anak dilakukan dengan cara memantau pertumbuhan anak. Pemantauan pertumbuhan dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengukuran berat badan (BB), panjang badan (PB) bagi anak usia di bawah 24 bulan atau tinggi badan (TB) bagi anak usia 24 bulan keatas, dan pengukuran lingkar kepala (LK) serta bisa pula ditambahkan dengan pengukuranl ingkar lengan atas (LLA/LILA). Pemantuan pertumbuhan dilakukan setiap 3 bulan sekali bagi anak yang berusia 0 sampai 24 bulan, dan setiap 6 bulan sekali bagi anak yang berusia 30 sampai 72 bulan. TK ‘Aisyiyah Batik Pekajangan merupakan sebuah sekolah pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) yang memiliki jumlah total siswa 71 anak. Selama ini pihak sekolah sudah melakukan penimbangan berat badan dan pengukuran tinggi badan serta pengukuran lingkar lenganatas anak pada setiap akhir semester (6 bulan) yang dilakukan secara mandiri oleh guru. Sekolah juga telah memiliki fasilitas alat berupa timbangan berat badan dan pengukur tinggi badan serta pita ukur. Namun yang dilakukan baru sebatas pengukuran saja yang didokumentasikan dalam sebuah catatan pelaporan. Pemantauan ini tidak ditindak lanjuti dengan kesimpulan dari hasil pengukuran untuk menentukan status gizi anak, karena belum optimalnya pendampingan yang dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan dari pihak Puskesmas terkait. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi status gizianak. Metode pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan deteksi secara langsung melalui kegiatan pengukuran BB, TB, LK, dan LILA. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama 2 hari dan diikuti oleh 59 anak. Hasil kegiatan didapatkan data bahwa sebagian besar (78%) anak termasuk dalam kategori status gizi baik, 10% anak gizi kurang, 7% anak obesitas, dan 5% gizi lebih. Data LILA didapatkan 100% anak dalam kategori normal dan untuk data LK didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar (90%) anak masuk dalam kategori normal dan 10% anak microcephaly. Masih diperlukan adanya assessment ulang untuk memastikan kondisi anak dan tindak lanjut berupa kerjasama antara pihak sekolah, orang tua, dan juga fasilitas Kesehatan terkait guna melakukan tata laksana bagi anak-anak yang masih mengalami masalah dalam pertumbuhan.Kata kunci: deteksi pertumbuhan, status gizi, anak TK


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon-Hye Won ◽  
Yusuke Hiratsuka ◽  
Sang-Yeon Suh ◽  
Hayoung Bae ◽  
Sung-Eun Choi ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has been used to assess malnutrition and health status across various disease groups. However, it is unclear whether MUAC is associated with quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced cancer. Our goal was to investigate the relationship between MUAC and QOL in ambulatory out-patients with advanced cancer. Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary cancer center in South Korea. A total of 200 patients with advanced cancer at oncology clinics of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled. Out-patients with advanced cancer whose survival was expected to be less than one year by their oncologists were enrolled. QOL of patients was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Associations of QOL with MUAC and nutritional parameters were examined with generalized linear models. Results The most common cancer sites were the lung, colon or rectum, and genitourinary tract. In univariate analyses, significant factors associated with higher summary score of EORTC QLQ-C30 were higher MUAC (≥ 26.5 cm, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (≥ 22 kg/m2, p < 0.001), higher serum albumin (≥ 3.7 g/dL, p = 0.004), higher creatinine (≥ 0.8 mg/dL, p = 0.023), and higher uric acid (≥ 5 mg/dL, p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, higher serum albumin (≥ 3.7 g/dL, p < 0.01) and higher MUAC (≥ 26.5 cm, p = 0.03) were independently associated with better summary score of EORTC QLQ-C-30. Conclusion MUAC was highly associated with QOL in terms of summary score and overall health status. Thus, MUAC, with its simplicity, can be a useful tool to reflect QOL in patients with advanced cancer.


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