Antidepressiva-Einnahme doch nicht mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störung assoziiert?

2017 ◽  
Vol 221 (03) ◽  
pp. 104-105
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Serotonergic Antidepressant

Sujan AC et al. Associations of Maternal Antidepressant Use During the First Trimester of Pregnancy With Preterm Birth, Small for Gestational Age, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring. JAMA 2017; 317: 1553–1562 Brown HK et al. Association Between Serotonergic Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children. JAMA 2017; 317: 1544–1552 Mezzacappa A et al. Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders According to Period of Prenatal Antidepressant Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2017; DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0124 Kommentar zu den Studien: Oberlander TF, Zwaigenbaum L. Disentangling Maternal Depression and Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy as Risks for Autism in Children. JAMA 2017; 317: 1533–1534 Bei der Depression handelt es sich um eine der häufigsten Komplikationen während der Schwangerschaft, 10% aller Frauen sind davon betroffen. Frühere Untersuchungen legen nahe, dass eine pränatale Einnahme von Antidepressiva mit neurologischen Entwicklungsproblemen bei den Kindern wie der Autismus-Spektrum-Störung einhergeht. 3 Studien sowie 1 Kommentar haben nun diese mögliche Assoziation sowie alternative Hypothesen überprüft.

scholarly journals Comparative meta-analyses of brain structural and functional abnormalities during cognitive control in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Lukito ◽  
Luke Norman ◽  
Christina Carlisi ◽  
Joaquim Radua ◽  
Heledd Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractBackgroundPeople with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have abnormalities in frontal, temporal, parietal and striato-thalamic networks. It is unclear to what extent these abnormalities are distinctive or shared. This comparative meta-analysis aimed to identify the most consistent disorder-differentiating and shared structural and functional abnormalities.MethodsSystematic literature search was conducted for whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of cognitive control comparing people with ASD or ADHD with typically developing controls. Regional gray matter volume (GMV) and fMRI abnormalities during cognitive control were compared in the overall sample and in age-, sex- and IQ-matched subgroups with seed-based d mapping meta-analytic methods.ResultsEighty-six independent VBM (1533 ADHD and 1295 controls; 1445 ASD and 1477 controls) and 60 fMRI datasets (1001 ADHD and 1004 controls; 335 ASD and 353 controls) were identified. The VBM meta-analyses revealed ADHD-differentiating decreased ventromedial orbitofrontal (z = 2.22, p < 0.0001) but ASD-differentiating increased bilateral temporal and right dorsolateral prefrontal GMV (zs ⩾ 1.64, ps ⩽ 0.002). The fMRI meta-analyses of cognitive control revealed ASD-differentiating medial prefrontal underactivation but overactivation in bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortices and precuneus (zs ⩾ 1.04, ps ⩽ 0.003). During motor response inhibition specifically, ADHD relative to ASD showed right inferior fronto-striatal underactivation (zs ⩾ 1.14, ps ⩽ 0.003) but shared right anterior insula underactivation.ConclusionsPeople with ADHD and ASD have mostly distinct structural abnormalities, with enlarged fronto-temporal GMV in ASD and reduced orbitofrontal GMV in ADHD; and mostly distinct functional abnormalities, which were more pronounced in ASD.

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