Static analysis for the development of the steering mechanism system in the large bus as a preliminary study for conversion of hydraulic power steering to electric power steering

This article describes an investigation on the energy consumption of an alternative hybrid electric power steering system. The conventional hydraulic power steering system that is widely used in commercial vehicles can provide high steering-feel and reliability performances. However, since the combustion engine drives the pump, the hydraulic power steering system is energetically inefficient. To cope with this disadvantage of the hydraulic power steering system and to provide a technical base for the steering-related advanced driver assistance system, the Hybrid electric power steering system offers a solution for heavy commercial vehicles. The “Hybrid” of the title means that, for heavy commercial vehicles, the electric power steering system and electro-hydraulic power steering system are integrated in a ball-nut steering system. In this paper, to verify the energy-saving effect of the Hybrid electric power steering system, a dynamic model of the Hybrid electric power steering system was developed to estimate the energy consumption in the steering system. Furthermore, the fuel-efficiency test for the Hybrid electric power steering system were conducted while replacing the two steering systems (the conventional hydraulic power steering and Hybrid electric power steering system) in one vehicle on the chassis dynamometer for the proposed driving cycle. The driving cycle including the steering-angle profile has been developed to clearly investigate the effect on the energy-saving potential by the types of the steering system (hydraulic power steering and Hybrid electric power steering). The simulation results of the energy-consumption estimation showed that the hybrid electric power steering system can reduce the steering-system energy consumption by more than 50% under the proposed driving cycle. Also, the vehicle testing of the chassis dynamometer revealed that the Hybrid electric power steering system can improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by 1% for the specified driving cycle.

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A Comprehensive Mechatronic Modeling and Simulation of Electric Power Steering System

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.48-49.9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 48-49 ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

Hamed Rezaei ◽

Houman Sadjadian

Keyword(s):

Electric Power ◽

Control Method ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Steering System ◽

Specific Aspect ◽

Complete Analysis ◽

Electric Power Steering ◽

Power Steering ◽

Electric Power Steering System ◽

Hydraulic Power Steering

Electric power steering (EPS) systems are rapidly replacing existing traditional hydraulic power steering systems due to their important advantages such as fuel and cost savings, environmental compatibility and flexibility. Many articles are available in this field in which EPS is viewed only from one specific aspect. Other aspects have been introduced only by brief equations neglecting some main details regarding the important effects of ignored parts. Therefore, it is quite necessary to make a complete analysis of every part of this system with a right combination between them. It makes a comprehensive simulation system for EPS. This matter needs sufficient knowledge in mechanical, electrical and control sciences and how to assemble them with each other properly. Therefore, Mechatronic is the most appropriate branch of science to achieve this goal. In this paper, a complete model of EPS is presented which includes a 7-D.O.F mechanical model of steering system. A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) is used to supply the assist torque to steering column. Vector Control Method is utilized for controlling the motor. A PID controller determines the reference assist torque value. The results are presented to estimate the model precision and evaluation of model.

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Design of full electric power steering with enhanced performance over that of hydraulic power-assisted steering

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering ◽

10.1177/0954407012468413 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 227 (3) ◽

pp. 390-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Masri B Baharom ◽

Khalid Hussain ◽

Andrew J Day

Keyword(s):

Electric Power ◽

Electric Power Steering ◽

Hydraulic Power ◽

Power Steering

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Study of Vibration of Electric Power Steering Systems Using a Continuous System Model

Volume 13: Acoustics, Vibration and Phononics ◽

10.1115/imece2017-70755 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mary K. Freund ◽

Es’hagh Farzaneh Joubaneh ◽

Oumar R. Barry ◽

Emad Y. Tanbour

Keyword(s):

Electric Power ◽

Equations Of Motion ◽

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Continuous System ◽

Steering System ◽

Mode Shapes ◽

Electric Power Steering ◽

Power Steering System ◽

Power Steering ◽

Hydraulic Power Steering

Electric power steering systems (EPS) offer better fuel efficiency than hydraulic power steering system. However, EPS systems are plagued with noise and vibrations, which can undermine the comfort of drivers. In previous works, steering systems have been analyzed using two degree of freedom system. In this paper, a mathematical model of an electric power steering system is presented using a continuous system to model the steering column. The equations of motion and boundary conditions are derived using Lagrangian method. Explicit expressions are presented for the characteristic equation and mode shapes. Parametric studies are conducted to study the effects of different parameters on natural frequency.

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Design and simulation of a steering gearbox with variable transmission ratio

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ◽

10.1177/0954406211433984 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 226 (10) ◽

pp. 2538-2548 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Petre Alexandru ◽

Dragoş Macaveiu ◽

Cătălin Alexandru

Keyword(s):

Steering System ◽

Transmission Ratio ◽

Geometrical Parameters ◽

Electric Power Steering ◽

Hydraulic Power ◽

Power Steering ◽

Variable Transmission ◽

Involute Gears ◽

Safe Control ◽

Hydraulic Power Steering

This article presents the geometric and functional characteristics of a steering gearbox with variable transmission ratio, which contains a translating wheel (circular curved rack) in gearing with an eccentric sector (segment). The solution requires no special technology because it uses conventional involute gears, being obtained/derived from a classic gearbox with constant ratio by changing the gearing characteristics. The precision of the steering system and the reversibility of the gearing are not affected by these modifications, the driver having a good/safe control of the vehicle. This gearbox can be used for the steering systems of some low-power vehicles, assuring an increased actuating torque (less effort); in this way, the assistance (hydraulic power steering or electric power steering) can be avoided. The study is focused on the following objectives: formulating the theoretical bases, establishing the geometrical parameters, and simulating the functionality of the gearbox, based on the specific requirements of the vehicles’ steering system. Important conclusions have been drawn on the influence of some specific parameters in terms of insuring good gearing conditions, such as the variation of the distances between axes and the variation of the clearance between teeth.

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Modeling, simulation, and experimental validation of electro-hydraulic power steering system in multi-axle vehicles

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering ◽

10.1177/0954407017743346 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 233 (2) ◽

pp. 317-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Heng Du ◽

Qingming Zhang ◽

Shumei Chen ◽

Jinhui Fang

Keyword(s):

Complex Structure ◽

Steering System ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Hydraulic Power ◽

Power Steering System ◽

Power Steering ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Steering Mechanism ◽

Hydraulic Power Steering System ◽

Hydraulic Power Steering

An accurate electro-hydraulic power steering system (EHPSS) model is essential to analyze dynamic steering performance and advanced nonlinear control. The main obstacle to establish an accurate model is the complex structure, including steering mechanism, valve controlled dual hydraulic-actuator, and heavy duty tires. This paper constructs a suitable model incorporating these parts, based on a Lagrange equation describing the steering trapezoid mechanism and dual cylinder hydraulic dynamics, regarding steering resisting moment as an external load. A simplified tire model is used to represent the tire basic steering load characteristics. Due to the complexity of the kinematic relationship in the model, several expressions are fitted using back propagation neural networks to significantly reduce calculation difficulty. Experimental measurements and simulation using Matlab/Simulink and experiment are realized for the case of in situ steering, and the results validate the proposed model accuracy. Thus, the proposed model is suitable to analyze the system and design advanced controllers.

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