Monitoring the Performance of Set Longlines Fishing Vessels at Fisheries Management Area 718 Indonesia

Catches reports by set longlines fishing vessels in the 718-fisheries management area (FMA) have been entered into the logbook reporting system since 2012. These vessels targeted reef and demersal fish. Set longlines is considered to be very efficient and productive for catching reef fish. This study aims to see the performance of set longlines vessels. The indicators used are CPUE and fuel efficiency. The results of the study show that the performance of set longlines vessels in the area is getting better and more efficient. Keywords: set longlines; reef fish; CPUE; fuel; efficient Abstrak Laporan hasil tangkapan oleh kapal penangkap rawai dasar di pengelolaan perikanan (WPP) 718 telah dimasukkan ke dalam sistem pelaporan logbook sejak 2012. Kapal-kapal rawai tesebut menargetkan ikan karang dan ikan demersal. Rawai dasar dianggap sebagai alat tangkap yang sangat efisien dan produktif untuk menangkap ikan karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kinerja kapal rawai dasar. Indikator yang digunakan adalah CPUE dan efisiensi bahan bakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja kapal longline set di daerah tersebut semakin baik dan efisien. Kata kunci: rawai dasar; ikan karang; CPUE; bahan bakar; efisien

Process Optimizations of Direct Metal Laser Melting Using Digital Twin

Over the past decades, air traffic has increased to such an extent that it has highly impacted (anthropogenic) climate change due to heat, noise, particulates, and gas emissions. With airplane turbines being a pivotal contributor to such adverse developments, there has been an increasing interest in research regarding the optimization of airplane turbines. In line with these efforts, this chapter adopts an innovative approach that bridges the digital and physical through the application of digital twin technology to direct metal laser melting to optimize product development. Specifically, it encompasses a guideline towards how digital twin solutions are created based on all the latest research. A manual approach devises a digital twin interface where the prototype is manufactured used additive manufacturing. This manual can then be applied to optimize airplane turbines regarding their safety, environmental impact, fuel efficiency, and cost.

Aerodynamic effects of a folding wingtip to increase take-off, landing and cruise performance.

The main purpose of a folding wing tip is to allow aerodynamically efficient high aspect ratio wing. To allow a wing tip to move in flight is to alleviate the loads and achieve lower wing weight or enable wing span to maximize. Thus reduces the induced drag and improve fuel efficiency. The folding wing tip may include spring devices in order to provide an additional gust loads alleviation ability in flight. A wing without a winglet produces wingtip vortices which increases drag as the air from the bottom surface of the wing (high pressure) tries to move to the upper surface (low pressure). To avoid this and have less vortices a winglet is used, around which the flow is same on both surfaces. A folding wingtip can be set at an angle of 0° to have maximum cruise performance and aspect ratio. If the wingtip is set in the range of 15°-50° it can increase lift during take-off. This folding wingtip can access any airport in the world because if it is folded at an angle of 90°, it can meet the gate requirements and restrictions of any airport. To study the performance of this mechanism, the wing tip was designed by using CATIA V5 software. The analysis of the wingtip at different angle of attacks was done using ANSYS and XFLR 5 softwares.

Solar-Driven Simultaneous Electrochemical CO2 Reduction and Water Oxidation Using Perovskite Solar Cells

The utilization of solar energy into electrochemical reduction systems has received considerable attention. Most of these attempts have been conducted in a single electrolyte without a membrane. Here, we report the system combined by the electrochemical CO2 reduction on the Au dendrite electrode and the water oxidation on the Co-Pi electrode with a Nafion membrane. An efficient reduction of CO2 to CO in the cathode using the proton from water oxidation in the anode is conducted using perovskite solar cells under 1 sun condition. The sustainable reaction condition is secured by balancing each reaction rate based on products analysis. Through this system, we collect reduction products such as CO and H2 and oxidation product, O2, separately. Employing separation of each electrode system and series-connected perovskite solar cells, we achieve 8% of solar to fuel efficiency with 85% of CO selectivity under 1 sun illumination.

Cooling Cyclic Air of Marine Engine with Water-Fuel Emulsion Combustion by Exhaust Heat Recovery Chiller

The fuel efficiency of marine diesel engine as any combustion engine falls with raising the temperature of air at the suction of its turbocharger. Therefore, cooling the engine turbocharger intake air by recovering exhaust gas heat to refrigeration capacity is a very perspective trend in enhancing the fuel efficiency of marine diesel engines. The application of water-fuel emulsion (WFE) combustion enables the reduction of a low-temperature corrosion, and, as a result, provides deeper exhaust gas heat utilization in the exhaust gas boiler (EGB) to the much lower temperature of 90–110 °C during WFE instead of 150–170 °C when combusting conventional fuel oil. This leads to the increment of the heat extracted from exhaust gas that is converted to refrigeration capacity by exhaust heat recovery chiller for cooling engine turbocharger sucked air accordingly. We experimentally investigated the corrosion processes on the condensation surfaces of EGB during WFE combustion to approve their intensity suppression and the possibility of deeper exhaust gas heat utilization. The fuel efficiency of cooling intake air at the suction of engine turbocharger with WFE combustion by exhaust heat recovery chiller was estimated along the voyage line Mariupol–Amsterdam–Mariupol. The values of available refrigeration capacity of exhaust heat recovery chiller, engine turbocharger sacked air temperature drop, and corresponding reduction in specific fuel consumption of the main low-speed diesel engine at varying actual climatic conditions on the voyage line were evaluated.

Improvement evaluation methodology of vehicle load and energy efficiency

Problem. There was a need to expand the well-known concept of vehicle operational properties – fuel efficiency arose in connection with the advent of new alternative power plants (electric motors, flywheel engines, hybrid power plants, etc.), which requires the inclusion of not only the thermal energy of the fuel, but also other types of energy (electrical and mechanical). In the paper the research of choice and justification of the vehicle energy efficiency indicators by assessing the energy costs of the engine for its movement was made. The analysis of the relationship between energy characteristics of dynamics and vehicle efficiency was made. Goal. The aim of the study is to analyze methods for assessing the vehicle energy efficiency. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to determine indicators that will allow a comparative analysis of energy efficiency indicators of various vehicles. Methodology. The approaches taken in the work to solve this goal are based on substantiating the indicators of the energy efficiency of the car by assessing the energy consumption of the engine for its movement. Results. In our opinion, in projecting and evaluating the dynamic properties of vehicles, it is rational to use the energy indicators of the vehicle, for which it is necessary to develop appropriate assessment criteria. Analysis of the results of indicators calculation and, in table 1, has shown that the indicator in comparison with has less dispersion. Originality. The obtained results of the influence of the parameters of vehicles on the level of their energy load shows that the indicator has less dispersion than. In addition, the value does not correlate with the year of manufacture of the vehicle, which allows the use of this indicator at the design stage of vehicles. It is only necessary to set the rational normative value of this indicator. Practical value. The results obtained can be recommended to specialists for use in the design, production, certification and operation of automotive vehicles, vehicle energy efficiency, combined power plant.

DIAGNOSTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE REFRIGERATION ELEMENTS AND WAYS OF INCREASING TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

The reliability of automotive equipment is its ability to perform constructively laid down functions without additional labor and material costs to maintain an able-bodied condition for a long time. Due to the fact that the quality of automotive equipment is characterized by its reliability and performance, increasing the level of reliability is an urgent task at the present stage of development of the technical operation of agricultural equipment. In addition, increasing the reliability of automotive vehicles is a promising way to reduce production costs, since the operation of more reliable equipment requires less labor and material costs. In the restored FS, the stabilization of the initial parameters during operation depends on many technological factors. The main reasons are those that greatly affect the reliability and have a wide range of characteristics under repair conditions. Changes in the technical condition of diesel engines during operation have a great impact on the indicators of fuel efficiency and toxicity of exhaust gases, with the former accounting for half of the resource consumption in agriculture. In order to achieve the necessary environmental and economic performance indicators of an autotractor diesel engine, its characteristics and fuel supply parameters should be adjusted in accordance with the operation and operating mode of the engine. Such a solution will make it possible to change the required parameters and characteristics, thereby ensuring the required nature of the flow of such fuel supply processes as spraying, mixture formation and combustion in each mode of operation. For efficient fuel injection into a diesel cylinder, it is necessary to have a significant reserve of fuel pump performance. Accordingly, a decrease in productivity can lead to a decrease in the amount of cycle feed. Based on the determination of the fuel consumption in the low pressure line of the system, the following tasks can be solved: - assess the technical condition of the fuel system in operation; - to optimize the balance of fuel supply in the experimental FS of the accumulating type and thereby reduce the power consumption for the operation of the system.

Mexico’s auto industry faces formidable challenges

Significance Even after these challenges have passed, other factors will hinder the industry's recovery. The sector accounts for 3.8% of GDP and employs nearly 1 million people, and its decline would have a major economic impact: any loss of investment or fall in production would harm growth and employment prospects. Impacts The adoption of more advanced technologies, requiring training that many Mexican workers lack, will erode the country’s low-wage advantage. US efforts to combat climate change may cause more clashes with Mexico, on top of those caused by proposed electric vehicle tax credits. New fuel efficiency rules for vehicles sold in the United States from 2023 could pose further challenges for Mexican manufacturers.

Study on the Variable Speed Diesel Generator and Effects on Structure Vibration Behavior in the DC Grid

Global warming and air pollutants are in general major worldwide concerns including for the marine shipping industry. Equipped with new technologies, the onboard DC grid has proven several advantages, including up to 27% reduction in specific fuel consumption with reduced emissions. That can be achieved by installing an optimized variable speed diesel generator. The engine speed is adjusted according to the required power, which allows to always keep the best efficiency of the combustion process. However, it also exposes some changes in the behavior of the structure vibrations. Measurements on an experimental variable speed diesel generator show that vibration increases when trying to slow down the engine for the same load. This behavior is closely related to the resonance in low rev range that usually occurs with general gensets. In other words, we can conclude that the DC grid’s variable speed generator may be beneficial for fuel efficiency, but not for mechanical life and safety. Several measures had been given, of which the alternation of the natural frequency is presented as an economical and efficient solution. The ultimate goal is to maintain operational safety while respecting reduced fuel consumption.

SPECIAL CONSUMPTION TAX INCENTIVE ON MARINE BUNKERS AND CARGO SHIFTING TO SHORT SEA SHIPPING IN TURKISH CABOTAGE ROUTES

Environment issue is one of the most important problems which must be solved urgently. Today, the effects of climate change linked to global warming have started to come into view. Some gases such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) which are called as greenhouse gases (GHGs) are seen as the most important causes of global warming. Harmful exhaust gases and CO2 emissions arise out of burning of fossil fuels on board. Maritime transportation is the most efficient mode when compared to other modes. However, Turkey's passenger and cargo transportation mainly depends on road transportation which has high fuel costs compared to sea transportation. In this study, by evaluating cabotage bunker fuels, annual CO2 emissions from maritime ships sailing on Turkish cabotage line were investigated. Also fuel efficiency of maritime transport as well as the effects of shifting cargo between transportation modes on CO2 emissions were analysed.