Arsenic resistance in a strain of cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) from Northern NSW.

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
LF Hitchcock ◽  
WJ Roulston
Keyword(s):  
Reference Strain ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Resistance ◽  
South Wales

Laboratory trials were carried out with ticks of a northern New South Wales strain which had proved impossible to control by dipping in 0.2 per cent. As2O3. The concentration of arsenic required to prevent 50 per cent. of engorged female ticks of this strain from laying viable eggs was found to be approximately double that for females of a reference strain. The median lethal concentration of arsenic for larvae of the northern New South Wales strain was also found to be approximately double that for larvae of the reference strain.

Observations on the dispersal of larvae of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Can.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Bovine Babesiosis ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Strong Winds

Dispersal of the larvae of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Can.) was studied in connection with problems of controlling and eradicating this pest and bovine babesiosis in New South Wales. Larval ticks were recovered by pressing flannelette-covered boards on to the pasture or litter surface, or sampling with cattle. Many of these larvae were capable of completing parasitic development.Strong winds were an important factor in determining the distance travelled, as the longest journeys in pasture were for the most part in the directions in which the larvae would have been carried by recorded strong winds. Much of the dispersal is accomplished when larvae are transferred from one grass blade to another moving in the wind, but a great number of airborne larvae were captured on tanglefoot-covered traps. Movement by wind was clearly demonstrated over short pasture, up to 100 ft and possibly as far as 260 ft from the point of hatching. In long grass one larva travelled 83 ft, but in scrub and forest the greatest distance travelled was 15 ft. Many larvae that travelled long distances were capable of completing development on cattle.Tick larvae could be transported by casual hosts and then dropped in a viable condition. A horse carried larvae for 900 ft, a rat and cockerels 100 ft, a magpie in flight 600 ft, and a pigeon in flight half a mile. A horse dipped six days earlier in ethion dropped live and viable larvae after transporting them 150 ft.Security has been improved against the movement of larvae from the Cattle Tick Research Station, Wollongbar, New South Wales, to neighbouring properties, and from Queensland into New South Wales, by widening existing buffer zones to 330 ft. Inspectoral staff are now required to spray themselves and their horses before re-entering New South Wales from the buffer zone.

Ecological studies of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus, in the north coast district of New South Wales

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN McCulloch ◽  
IJ Lewis
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Tick Population ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales

During the years 1962–1965, engorged female ticks (Boophilus microplus (Canestrini)) were exposed at frequent intervals at diverse sites in northern New South Wales, and egg laying, egg development, and the survival of larval populations observed and recorded. Ticks were also exposed in Stevenson screens (in humidified containers), where temperature could be measured. From the results the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The maximum longevity of the non-parasitic stages of the cattle tick in Australia would be 7½ months. An earlier record placing the figure at 10½ months is shown almost certainly to be erroneous. The great majority of larvae die within 6 months of the parent leaving its host. (2) In the warmer parts of the Tick Quarantine Area ticks falling in favourable situations may lay viable eggs in any month. Thus winter checks development but does not prevent it. The tick population is at its lowest level in September. (3) The cattle tick could probably survive as a pest as far south as Newcastle. (4) The time of year for the start of an eradication campaign would not be of first importance. For a programme of strategic dipping aiming at economical control, the optimum time for beginning would be early October in the areas most favourable to the tick.

Toxaphene-resistant cattle ticks (Boophilus microplus (Canestrini)) occurring in Queensland

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Norris ◽  
BF Stone
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Peanut Oil ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High

Cattle ticks on four herds in southern Queensland survived dipping in a vat charged with 0.5 per cent. w/v toxaphene, which nevertheless disinfested a fifth herd. Protective periods afforded by toxaphene against attachment of resistant larvae were much shorter than against susceptible strains. Laboratory concentration-response tests on a culture of the toxaphene-resistant ticks indicated that the median lethal concentration of toxaphene for engorged females was 19 times higher than that of a reference strain, and t h at f o r the larvae was also significantly higher. The toxaphene-resistant ticks were not affected when cows were sprayed with 0.05 per cent. w/v gamma-BHC. This was consistent with an earlier history of BHC resistance in the ticks on these herds. Spraying trials indicated no marked arsenic resistance in the toxaphene-resistant ticks. The mortality of the toxaphene-resistant ticks on cattle sprayed with 0.5 per cent. W/V pp'-DDT, and the protective period against larval reinfestation, were as high as usually observed in other tick populations. A very high kill resulted from spraying the toxaphene-resistant ticks with 0.05 per cent. w/v diazinon. Subcutaneous injections of peanut oil solutions of lindane, dieldrin, and aldrin at the rate of 25 mg toxicant/kg host body weight were without effect on toxaphene-resistant ticks.

CATTLE TICK IN NEW SOUTH WALES

1969 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Watts
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
South Wales

Dieldrin-resistant cattle ticks, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) in Queensland

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone ◽  
RAJ Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Cattle Ticks

Infestation by cattle ticks in a herd a t Mt. Gravatt, near Brisbane, in southern Queensland, could not be controlled by repeated spraying of the cattle with 0.05 per cent. w/v dieldrin. Ninety-eight per cent. of engorged females of this strain, which fell from an artificially infested beast in the 48 hr following spraying with 0.05 per cent. w/v dieldrin, laid normal batches of viable eggs. Spraying cattle with 0.05 per cent. w/v "Diazinon", however, readily controlled infestation by this strain. Laboratory concentration-response tests on a culture of the dieldrin-resistant ticks indicated that the median lethal concentration of dieldrin for the larvae was over 2000 times higher than for those of a reference strain. There was also strong evidence from laboratory tests of dieldrin resistance in the engorged adult female ticks.

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