Plant growth regulators in Eucalyptus grandis. V. Synthesis of the G-regulators

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Bolte ◽  
WD Crow ◽  
S Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Mannich Base ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Aqueous Acid ◽  
The Mannich Reaction ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Problems associated with earlier synthetic approaches to the G-regulators have been overcome by the use of the Mannich reaction in aprotic media. Under these conditions the Mannich base formed from the reaction of 1,3-diketones and aldehydes is stabilized by internal hydrogen bonding and can be isolated in high yield. In aqueous acid rapid elimination occurs to give the 2-methylene 1,3-diketones, which first enolize then add oxygen to generate the G-regulator structure. The steric limitations of the reactions are examined.

Plant growth regulators in Eucalyptus grandis. IV. Synthetic approaches to G-regulator analogues

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Bolte ◽  
WD Crow ◽  
S Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

A new synthetic approach is described to the plant growth regulators of the hexahydrobenzo[e]- 1,2-dioxin group (the G-regulators of Eucalyptus grandis). Condensation of 1,3-diketones with aldehydes under Lewis acid catalysis gives, in good yield, the 1 : 2 adducts (4H-1,3-dioxins); these are simultaneously cleaved and (with some exceptions) oxidized on silica gel to the desired structure. In this way synthesis of a number of G-regulator analogues of similar physiological activity has been achieved.

Synthesis of some new hydrazide-hydrazones related to isatin and its Mannich and Schiff bases

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed M. Afsah ◽  
Saad S. Elmorsy ◽  
Soha M. Abdelmageed ◽  
Zaki E. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Mannich Base ◽  
The Mannich Reaction

AbstractThe hydrazide-hydrazones 6a–d and 7a, b were obtained by treating isatin (1) or its Mannich base 2 with hydrazides incorporating piperidine, morpholine, and piperazine units. The reaction of 1 and 2 with hydrazides related to triazenes having piperidine, morpholine, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline moieties gave 12a–c and 13a–c. Treatment of 1 and 2 with iminodiacetohydrazide (14) and ethylenediamine tetraacetohydrazide (18) afforded 15–17 and 19a, b, respectively. The Mannich reaction of the Schiff base 20 with formaldehyde and the appropriate hydrazide or bis(hydrazide) gave 21a, b and 22a, b. The hydrazides related to Schiff bases 20 and 26 were used as precursors in synthesis of compounds incorporating two 2-oxoindoline units or formazan moiety.

Plant growth regulators in Eucalyptus grandis. VI. Reaction of the G-regulators with nucleophiles

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Bolte ◽  
WD Crow ◽  
S Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Michael Adducts

The formation of Michael adducts from the G-regulators and analogues with amines is described. Such adducts are, in general, unstable zwitterionic compounds and are decomposed by the action of acid into the parent G-regulator and the related 2-aminomethylene 1,3-diketone. Analogies are drawn with the natural storage and release in vivo.

Studies on the Doebner-Miller, Skraup, and Related Reactions. II. Preparation and Cyclization of 4-(2'-Nitroanilino)-3-methylbutan-2-one

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 828 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Badger ◽  
BC Ennis ◽  
WE Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ethyl Ketone ◽  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Mannich Base ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
The Mannich Reaction

The intermediate adduct (e.g. III) formed in Skraup and Doebner-Miller reactions has the nature of a Mannich base. It has now been prepared from o-nitroaniline, formaldehyde, and methyl ethyl ketone by the Mannich reaction. It has been cyclized to 3,4-dimethyl-8-nitroquinoline under acidic oxidizing conditions; but it is not cyclized by neutral oxidants, nor by non-oxidizing acids or Lewis acids.

scholarly journals Two-Step Synthetic Approach to 6-Substituted Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine(1H,3H)-2,4-diones from 6-Amino-, 6-Alkylamino-, and 6-Arylamino-1,3-dimethyluracils

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Bischoff ◽  
Ulrich Girreser ◽  
Dieter Heber ◽  
Martin Schütt
Keyword(s):  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Mannich Base ◽  
Mannich Bases ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Iminium Salts ◽  
Vilsmeier Formylation ◽  
The Mannich Reaction

The Mannich reaction of 7-aryl-5,6-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 3, easily accessible by condensation of 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil (1) with Mannich bases 2a - c, gives rise to a mixture of 7-aryl-6-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 6 and 7 as well as 1,2-bis- (7-arylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)ethane 13 the ratio of which depends on the reaction conditions and the amine used. 6-Alkylamino-1,3-dimethyluracils 15 - 18 were converted to the corresponding 5-(3-oxo-3-phenylpropyl)uracils 19 - 22 by condensation with the Mannich base 2a. Ring closure of 19 - 22 was performed by Vilsmeier formylation to afford the 8-alkyl- and 7,8-diaryl-5,8- dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbaldehydes 9 - 12 via the corresponding iminium salts 27 - 30

scholarly journals Productivity and technological qualities of Grom winter wheat grain variety depending on the application of plant growth regulators and nitrogen top dressings

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
A. A. Makarov ◽  
N. I. Mamsirov ◽  
Z. A. Ivanova ◽  
F. Kh. Tkhazeplova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain

The article presents the results of a multi-year research aimed at establishing the influence of plant growth regulators and doses of nitrogen top dressings on the growth, development, productivity and technological qualities of Grom variety of soft winter wheat grain of the FSBSI «SGC named after P.P. Lukyanenko» selection. The results of the research revealed that the duration of the entire growing season and interphase stages of winter wheat development was largely influenced by weather conditions in the spring-summer period. Application of nitrogen top dressing in the «tillering-beginning of stemming» phase promoted the formation of more vigorous winter wheat plants with an increased tillering coefficient. The best indicators were obtained in options where «Biosil» preparation was used. The most intensive increase in the aboveground mass of winter wheat throughout the growing season occurred with the use of the «Alfastim» growth regulator; it was followed by «Novosil» preparation. The cultivation of crops with growth regulators increased the productive plant stand by 7,8–15,2%, but didn’t have a significant effect on the other elements of the crop structure. Application of nitrogen fertilizer in doses of N35+N35 иN35+N35+N20 when treated with «Novosil» growth regulator provided a high yield – up to 7,13 t/ha. Slightly lower was the yield with the use of «Alfastim» preparation compared with «Novosil». In the option without nitrogen fertilizers the fifth class grain was formed, and the treatment of winter wheat crops with the studied preparations increased the class of grain to the fourth one, due to an increase in the content of protein and gluten in the grain. Similar changes were also noted when nitrogen was added to the top dressing at doses of N20 + N20 and N35 + N35. Spring nitrogen fertilization of winter wheat crops in the heading phase contributed to an increase in the grain class.

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