Salinity Factor Effect on Barley Seedlings Incubation

Stress factors limit the development of living organisms, especially plants, and reduce their productivity. In this regard, the study of the effects of stress factors on plants and the discovery of adaptation mechanisms play an important role in the regulation of stress in the cell. From a biological point of view, stress is considered to be any change in the external environment that impairs the normal development of the plant or changes it in a negative direction. Stresses cause changes in the physiological activity of plants, weaken the process of biosynthesis in the cell, disrupt normal life and ultimately can cause plant death.

Biotechnological Aspects of Dietary Fiber Use in the Production of Fermented Dairy Products

This article presents research results of the chemical composition, physical and chemical properties and biotechnological potential of dietary fiber concentrates (DFCs) obtained from secondary raw materials for the production of carrot and pumpkin juices.It has been established that DFCs, along with dietary fibers (cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin), contain soluble sugars, nitrogenous substances and carotenoids, which determine their physiological activity and technological properties when used in dairy products fermented with probiotics.The effect of DFCs on the fermentation kinetics of dairy-vegetable mixtures with a starter containing lacto-, bifidobacteria and propionic acid microorganisms was studied. The optimal concentration and the degree of dispersion of carrot and pumpkin DFCs was determined. The findings can be used to ensureoptimal intensification of the fermentation process and the production of probiotic fermented milk drinks with a pleasant taste. Keywords: dietary fiber, secondary raw materials, functional dairy products, prebiotics, probiotics, enzyme kinetics, probiotic drinks

Being in a crowd bonds people via physiological synchrony

Collective events can generate intense emotions, shape group identities, and forge strong bonds. Do these effects extend to remote participation, and what are the psychological mechanisms underpinning their social power? We monitored psycho-physiological activity among groups of basketball fans who either attended games in-person (in a stadium) or watched games live on television in small groups. In-person attendance was associated with greater synchronicity in autonomic nervous system activation at the group level, which resulted in more transformative experiences and contributed to stronger identity fusion. Our findings suggest that the social effects of sports depend substantially on the inter-personal dynamics unfolding among fans, rather than being prompted simply by watching the game itself. Given the increasing prevalence of virtual experiences, this has potentially wide-reaching implications for many domains of collective human interaction.

The inhibition of interaction with serum albumin enhances the physiological activity of curcumin by increasing its cellular uptake.

Based on the free drug hypothesis, we hypothesized that food compounds that bind stronger to BSA than CUR inhibit the binding between BSA and CUR, and that this results in...

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): A systematic review

The crop of quinoa has gained relevance during the last decade in different parts of the world, due to its adaptability to difficult edaphic and climatic conditions and the great nutritional potential of its seeds. However, climate change scenarios are increasingly adverse, so the search for strategies that favor greater adaptability of quinoa to areas where other crops fail to adapt is a scientific priority. For this reason, a systematic review was carried out, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology, with documents published on Scopus and Clarivate Web of Science databases. This methodology describes the diversity of fungi that favors symbiosis and the services offered by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the physiological activity of the quinoa plant, in addition to their interaction with the edaphic conditions, mainly related to nitrogen and phosphorus. The results identified a projection of interest in research related to the symbiosis between these two organisms, but a very limited advance in relation to the study that has been developed around the microbiological activity of quinoa in the soil.

Technogenesis and Ecological State of Natural Waters in Eastern Transbaikalia

The research on the state of water ecosystems is significant in terms of future biological impacts of natural and anthropogenic effects. The key branches of natural resources management in Eastern Transbaikalia (agriculture, hydraulic power industry) are based on using water resources. The findings show that technogenesis affects surface waters of the region. Alluvial gold mining represents a significant part of mining industry. Gold mining in river channels results in run-of-stream diversion and interferes with the ecosystem of watercourses. A newly formed structure of a water ecosystem is not favourable for self-purification capacity of rivers. This leads to pollutants accumulation in water objects and deteriorates ecological state of watercourses. Natural components in the technoecosystem of hydropower objects in Eastern Transbaikalia are Lake Kenon and the Kharanor Reservoir. Although the catchment area is polluted by TPP-1, the ecosystem of the lake is still capable of self-purification due to biodiversity of hydrobionts. Under the dry climate in recent years, the Kharanor Reservoir ecosystem turned as rather unstable due to constant refilling from the Onon River. However, generally, pigment indices show physiological activity of primary producers of organic matter.

Study for Whitening Effect, Antioxidant and Anti-wrinkle Activity of Tapioca-unhulled Barley Dried Distiller's Grains with Solubles

This study intends to present the value of use as an eco-friendly, bioactive functional material by utilizing the undervalued tapiocaunhulled barley dried distiller's grains with solubles (TBDDGS). The physiological activity of TBDDGS presented through whitening activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-wrinkle effect. As a result of measuring the mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity in the hot water extracts of TBDDGS, the extracts showed 1.21% at 20 mg/mL concentration, 7.39% at 50 mg/mL concentration, and 25.78% at 100 mg/mL concentration, depending on the concentration of the extracts. The radical scavenging ability of DPPH was 28.7% at 10 mg/mL concentration, 38.0% at 20 mg/mL concentration, 60.9% at 50 mg/mL concentration, and 80.1% at 100 mg/mL concentration. The collagenase inhibitory activity of the extracts was 92.8% at a 6 mg/mL concentration. Elastase inhibitory activity was 97.8% at 100 mg/mL concentration. From the above results, the collagenase inhibitory activity of the extracts was 92.8% at a 6 mg/mL concentration. The elastase inhibitory activity was 97.8% at 100 mg/mL concentration. Although TBDDGS in this study has lower physiological activity compared to the control group, it was considered to have industrial value as a functional cosmetic raw material in consideration of the advantages of stable raw material supply and price competitiveness as an eco-friendly cosmetic raw material.

Similarity between corn hybrids using sanitary and physiological seed parameters

One of the elements capable of explaining the epidemics of diseases in the fields of corn production is the amount of initial inoculum present in seeds. The objective of this paper was to study the health and physiological quality of maize hybrids grown in the 2019 crop. The experiment was carried out using 22 hybrids represented by: 13K21PW Morgan©, 14K185PW Morgan©, 230 PRO 3 DKB©, 290 PRO 3 DKB© , 3040 VIP3 LG©, 3055 VIP3 LG©, 30F35 Pioneer ©, 310 PRO 3 DKB©, 345 PRO 3 DKB©, 8882 Coded DKB, CBS15C385PW Morgan©, CBS15D089PW Morgan©, CBS15SE137PW Morgan©, Coded x40K205 (3898) Pioneer, K9606 VIP3 KWS©, MG580PW Morgan©, MG652PW Morgan©, SH 7930 PRO 2 Sta Helena©, SH 7990 PRO 2 Sta Helena©, SX5885 VIP3 Syngenta©, SX71715 VIP3 Syngenta© and SX8934 VIP3 Syngenta© that were grown in the municipality of Ipameri, GO. Analyzed the percentage of primary root emission (ERP),% of shoot emission (EPA),% of microorganism incidence, % of fungus genera (% GF). Sixteen fungi were detected representing the microflora detected in the seeds of the evaluated hybrids recognized as Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium verticillioides, Gliomastix sp., Cladosporium sp., Gliocladium sp., Bacillus sp., Geotrichum sp. , Trichoderma sp., Mucor sp., Stenocarpela maydis, Pythium sp., Chaetomium sp., Sporotrix sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. The multivariate analysis jointed the cultivars with highest physiological activity represented by SX 8934 Vip3 SYN®, SX 71715 Vip 3®, 3040 Vip3 LG®, SHS 7990 PRO2, SX 5885 Vip3, MG 652 PW®, K9606 Vip3®, DKB 345 PRO3. The lowest incidence of microorganism was in hybrids DKB 345 PRO3 and 8882 cod.

The Development Tendency of 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds for Applications Ranging From Bone Tissue Regeneration to Bone Tumor Therapy

Three-dimensional (3D) printing concept has been successfully employed in regenerative medicine to achieve individualized therapy due to its benefit of a rapid, accurate, and predictable production process. Traditional biocomposites scaffolds (SCF) are primarily utilised for bone tissue engineering; nevertheless, over the last few years, there has already been a dramatic shift in the applications of bioceramic (BCR) SCF. As a direct consequence, this study focused on the structural, degeneration, permeation, and physiological activity of 3D-printed BCR (3DP-B) SCF with various conformations and work systems (macros, micros, and nanos ranges), as well as their impacts on the mechanical, degeneration, porosity, and physiological activities. In addition, 3DP-B SCF are highlighted in this study for potential uses applied from bone tissue engineering (BTE) to bone tumor treatment. The study focused on significant advances in practical 3DP-B SCF that can be utilized for tumor treatment as well as bone tissue regeneration (BTR). Given the difficulties in treating bone tumors, these operational BCR SCF offer a lot of promise in mending bone defects caused by surgery and killing any remaining tumor cells to accomplish bone tumor treatment. Furthermore, a quick assessment of future developments in this subject was presented. The study not only summarizes recent advances in BCR engineering, but it also proposes a new therapeutic strategy focused on the extension of conventional ceramics’ multifunction to a particular diagnosis.

Estrogens and Androgens in Plants: The Last 20 Years of Studies

Although the only known steroid hormones in plants are brassinosteroids, interestingly, mammalian steroid hormones such as androgens or estrogens are also part of the plant metabolic profile. This presented review is focused on the progress that has been made in this matter during the last two decades. The presence of testosterone, 17β-estradiol, and other androgens/estrogens in plants (particularly those that can be measured using more advanced techniques) is described. The physiological activity of androgens and estrogens, especially in plants’ stress response, are discussed, together with some possible mechanisms of their action. The current knowledge indicates that although androgens and estrogens do not have the status of hormones in plants, they are physiologically active and can serve as regulators that support the activity of classic hormones in (1) regulating the various processes connected with plant growth and development and (2) the interaction of plants with their environment.