Boron Trifluoride Catalyzed Rearrangements of Novel Epoxide Derivatives of Manool and Manoyl Oxide

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Grant ◽  
GP Lynch ◽  
J Simpson ◽  
G Wong
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Boron Trifluoride ◽  
Boron Trifluoride Etherate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Intramolecular Rearrangements ◽  
Derivatives Of

The preparation of four epoxides (1)-(4) derived from manool [labda-8(17),14-dien-13-ol] and manoyl oxide (8,13-epoxylabdane) via diosphenols is reported. Lewis acid promoted intramolecular rearrangements of these were investigated. Reaction of epoxide (1) with boron trifluoride etherate resulted in the isolation of a novel dimer (44), the structure being elucidated by X-ray crystallography. However, epoxides (2)-(4) yielded monomeric rearrangement products.

New potential dendritic cores: Selective chemistry of dipentaerythritol

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Al-Mughaid ◽  
T Bruce Grindley ◽  
Katherine N Robertson ◽  
T Stanley Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Crown Ether ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Selective Reduction ◽  
Benzyl Bromide ◽  
Boron Trifluoride Etherate ◽  
Trans Isomers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Single Isomer ◽  
Derivatives Of

Methods were developed to convert dipentaerythritol efficiently into di-O-benzylidene, di-O-cyclohexylidene, di-O-1-ethylpropylidene, and di-O-methylene diacetals. The known di-O-benzylidene acetal, considered to be a single isomer, was shown to be close to a statistical mixture of the cis,cis-, cis,trans-, and trans,trans-isomers. Structures were established by a combination of NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Reaction of the di-O-benzylidene acetals with benzyl chloride and potassium hydroxide surprisingly gave good to excellent yields of the monobenzyl ethers. An explanation for this observation was advanced. The dibenzyl derivatives of the di-O-benzylidene acetals were formed by reaction of their dianions with benzyl bromide in DMF. Selective reduction of the di-O-benzylidene acetals with triethylsilane and boron trifluoride etherate gave 2',6'-di-O-benzyldipentaerythritol. A crown ether was formed in modest yield (12%) by reaction of the dianion of the di-O-methylene acetal with α,α'-dibromo-m-xylene in DMF. Key words: dipentaerythritol, pentaerythritol, acetals, dendrimer, selective benzylation, crown ether.

Neutral and anionic derivatives of toluene-3,4-dithiolatocadmium(II); the crystal structure of di(tetraphenylarsonium) bis(toluene-3,4-dithiolato)cadmate(II)

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1146-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Bustos ◽  
Masood A. Khan ◽  
Dennis G. Tuck
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Bidentate Ligands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Neutral Bidentate ◽  
Derivatives Of

Cadmium(II) chloride reacts with toluene-3,4-dithiol (H2TDT) to give Cd (TDT), which is apparently a homopolymer in the solid state. Adducts with neutral monodentate and bidentate donors have been prepared. The structure of the salt (Ph4As)2 [Cd(TDT)2] was determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystals of this compound are monoclinic (P21/c), with a = 23.032 (4) Å, b = 12.396(4) Å, c = 22.529(5) Å, β = 111.106(2)°. The structure was refined by least-squares methods to a final R-valueof 0.0469 for 2523 "observed" reflections. The anion is a distorted tetrahedral, mononuclear species with Cd—S bond distances ranging from 2.488(5) Å to 2.531(4) Å. This anion is also a Lewis acid, forming complexes of the type [Cd(TDT)2L]2− with neutral bidentate ligands.

The direct electrochemical synthesis of some metal derivatives of lapachol

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.H. De Oliveira ◽  
G.E.A. Medeiros ◽  
C. Peppe ◽  
Martyn A. Brown ◽  
Dennis G. Tuck
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Copper Atom ◽  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Acetonitrile Solution ◽  
Triclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Metal Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

The electrochemical oxidation of a sacrificial metal anode (M = Zn, Cd, Cu) in an acetonitrile solution of 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone, lapachol, C15H14O3 (=HL) gives ML2. The results are in keeping with earlier work on direct electrochemical synthesis in related systems. Adducts with 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethanediamine (tmen) have also been prepared. The structure of the 2,2′-bipyridine adduct of Cu(lapacholate)2 has been established by X-ray crystallography. The parameters are triclinic, space group [Formula: see text], a = 12.748(59) Å, b = 13.859(49) Å, c = 11.770(59) Å, α = 108.30(4)°, β = 108.08(3)°, γ = 68.94(3)°, Z = 2, R = 0.059 for 2256 unique reflections. The copper atom is in a distorted CuN2O2O2′ environment. The mechanism of the formation of this Cu(lapacholate)2 is discussed. Keywords: electrochemical synthesis, lapachol, X-ray crystallography, copper(II) complex.

Triazene derivatives of (1,x-)diazacycloalkanes. Part VI. 3-({5,5-Dimethyl-3-[2-aryl-1-diazenyl]-1-imidazolidinyl}methyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1-[2-aryl-1-diazenyl]imidazolidines — Synthesis, characterization, and X-ray crystal structure

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1294-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Vaughan ◽  
Shasta Lee Moser ◽  
Reid Tingley ◽  
M Brad Peori ◽  
Valerio Bertolasi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Ion Trapping ◽  
Published Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Diazonium Ion ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
C Nmr

Reaction of a series of diazonium salts with a mixture of formaldehyde and 1,2-diamino-2-methylpropane affords the 3-({5,5-dimethyl-3-[2-aryl-1-diazenyl]-1-imidazolidinyl}methyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1-[2-aryl-1-diazenyl]imidazolidines (1a–1f) in excellent yield. The products have been characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopic analysis, elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallography. The X-ray crystal structure of the p-methoxycarbonyl derivative (1c) establishes without question the connectivity of these novel molecules, which can be described as linear bicyclic oligomers with two imidazolidinyl groups linked together by a one-carbon spacer. This is indeed a rare molecular building block. The molecular structure is corroborated by 1H and 13C NMR data, which correlates with the previously published data of compounds of types 5 and 6 derived from 1,3-propanediamine. The triazene moieties in the crystal of 1c display significant π conjugation, which gives the N—N bond a significant degree of double-bond character. This in turn causes restricted rotation around the N—N bond, which leads to considerable broadening of signals in both the 1H and 13C NMR spectra. The molecular ion of the p-cyanophenyl derivative (1b) was observed using electrospray mass spectrometry (ES + Na). The mechanism of formation of molecules of type 1 is proposed to involve diazonium ion trapping of the previously unreported bisimidazolidinyl methane (13).Key words: triazene, bistriazene, imidazolidine, synthesis, X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals NMR and X-ray studies of apetalic acid isolated from Calophyllum brasiliense and of its chiral amides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Rose Van Calsteren ◽  
Ricardo Reyes-Chilpa ◽  
Chistopher K Jankowski ◽  
Fleur Gagnon ◽  
Simón Hernández-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Calophyllum Brasiliense ◽  
Derivatives Of

The tropical tree Calophyllum brasiliense (Clusiaceae) grows in the rain forests from Brazil to Mexico. Its leaves, as well as those of other Calophyllum species, are rich sources of chromanone acids, such as apetalic acid, isoapetalic acid, and their derivatives. Apetalic acid has shown significant antimycobacterial activity. The biological activity of apetalic acid has been related to the configuration of three asymmetric centers and the stereochemistry of the molecule; however, the C-19 configuration in the acidic side chain has not been fully resolved. For this reason, the unequivocal determination of the absolute configuration by means of X-ray crystallography in a sample of unique homogeneous apetalic acid stereoisomer was the most important point to start this study. We prepared some chiral amides using the carboxyl group. We determined the C-19 stereochemistry of apetalic acid, and its specific chiral derivatives, using NMR, X-ray diffraction methods, and molecular mechanics. Finally, we observed that steric hindrance in the side chain of apetalic acid leads to restriction of rotation around the pivotal link C-10 and C-19 establishing chiral centers at C2(R), C3(S), and C19(R). We were able to separate derivatives of these two high-rotatory-barrier conformers of apetalic acid by forming diastereoisomeric amides with phenylglycine methyl ester having a chiral center at C-2’. Our results allowed the conclusion of the existence of atropisomerism in the apetalic acid molecule.

The Conformation of Some 1,6-Disulfide-Bridged D-Hexopyranoses

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan D. Goddard-Borger ◽  
Brian W. Skelton ◽  
Robert V. Stick ◽  
Allan H. White
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Similar Investigation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Structure Determinations ◽  
Derivatives Of

The use of 1H NMR spectroscopy, in tandem with X-ray crystallography, has cast light on the conformation of the 1,6-disulfide-bridged derivatives of d-gluco-, d-manno-, d-allo-, d-galacto-, and d-talo-pyranose. A similar investigation was performed on the thiosulfinate derived from the d-gluco disulfide. Single-crystal X-ray structure determinations are reported for (1S,5S,6S,7S,8R)-6,7,8-tribenzoyloxy-9-oxa-2,3-dithiabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, (1S,5S,6S,7R,8R)-6,7,8-tribenzoyloxy-9-oxa-2,3-dithiabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, and (1S,2S,5S,6S,7S,8R)-6,7,8-triacetoxy-9-oxa-2,3-dithiabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 2-oxide.

New insights into chalcogen bonding provided by co-crystal structures of benzisoselenazolinone derivatives and nitrogen bases

CrystEngComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fellowes ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nitrogen Bases ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Derivatives Of

A number of derivatives of benzisoselenazolinones, including the drug ebselen, have been synthesized, and their interactions with various nitrogen bases characterized through X-ray crystallography.

Application of the Variable Oxygen Probe to Determine the π-Electron Donor Ability of the Alkyne Group

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Harris ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Oxygen Probe ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Donor Ability ◽  
Structural Database ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Electron Demand ◽  
Electron Donor Ability

Eight ester and ether derivatives of propargyl alcohol with varying electron demand were structurally characterised using low temperature X-ray crystallography, these were combined with seven derivatives obtained from the Cambridge Structural Database. Variable oxygen probe analysis of these derivatives provided evidence that the ethynyl substituent is a relatively weak π-electron donor, and is a slightly less effective donor than the C–C bond of an ethyl substituent.

General Method of Preparation of N-[(S)-(3-Hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)] Derivatives of Heterocyclic Bases

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1151-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Alexander ◽  
Antonín Holý
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Boron Trifluoride ◽  
Boron Trifluoride Etherate ◽  
Cesium Carbonate ◽  
Analogous Reaction ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Heterocyclic Bases ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
General Method ◽  
Methanolic Ammonia

Reaction of (R)-1-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-1,2,3-propanetriol (IV) with N-trimethylacetylimidazole (II) afforded (R)-1-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-3-O-trimethyacetyl-1,2,3-propanetriol (V) which was reacted with dimethoxymethane in the presence of phosphorus pentoxide to give (R)-2-O-methoxymethyl-1-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-3-O-trimethyacetyl-1,2,3-propanetriol (VI). Compound VI was treated with acetic anhydride and boron trifluoride etherate and the obtained 2-acetoxy derivative VII reacted with bromotrimethylsilane to give the intermediary bromomethyl ether VIII. Compound VIII on reaction with tris(2-propyl) phosphite afforded (R)-2-O-bis(2-propyl)phosphonomethyl-1-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-3-O-trimethyacetyl-1,2,3-propanetriol (IX). Condensation of synthon IX with sodium salts of adenine, 2,6-diaminopurine, or with cytosine, 6-azacytosine or 2-chloroadenine in the presence of cesium carbonate, afforded fully protected diesters X and XIIIb which on methanolysis and reaction with bromotrimethylsilane gave N-[(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)] derivatives of adenine (XIa), 2- chloroadenine (XIb), 2,6-diaminopurine (XIc), cytosine (XIVa) and 6-azacytosine (XIVb). In an analogous reaction, sodium salt of 4-methoxy-2-pyrimidone reacted with compound IX to give an intermediate XIIIa which on treatment with methanolic ammonia and subsequent deblocking under the same conditions also afforded the cytosine derivative XIVa. Sodium salt of 2-amino-6-chloropurine was in this way converted into the corresponding 2-aminopurine derivative XVIII. Deprotection of this compound gave 9-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)-2-aminopurine (XIX).

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