Heavy metals in cultivated oysters (Crassostrea commercialis = Saccostrea cucullata) from estuaries of New South Wales

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Mackay ◽  
RJ Williams ◽  
JL Kacprzac ◽  
MN Kazacos ◽  
AJ Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Production Areas

Results of a survey of metal levels in the Sydney rock oyster Crassostrea commercialis are reported. Concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and arsenic in oysters sampled from the 19 important production areas in New South Wales are generally low, and in terms of the National Health and Medical Research Council recommendations for these metals there is little or no health risk to consumers. Evidence is presented which indicates that metal concentrations decrease with increasing age and wet weight of oysters. In oysters sampled from a single estuary, there is a gradient of increasing metal concentration with increasing distance upstream from the sea. Pollution may be the cause of the relatively high concentrations in oysters from this estuary, but further work will be required to verify this. The variability of metal concentrations in oysters is discussed, and a sampling method is suggested for future monitoring of metals in this species.

Baseline trace metal concentrations in New South Wales coastal waters

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon C. Apte ◽  
Graeme E. Batley ◽  
Ronald Szymczak ◽  
Paul S. Rendell ◽  
Randall Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Concentrations of ten trace elements at five localities in New South Wales coastal waters were measured by ultratrace sampling and analysis. Mean concentrations of cadmium (2.4 ng L-1), copper (31 ng L-1), nickel (180 ng L-1), lead (9 ng L-1) and zinc (<22 ng L-1) are among the lowest reported in the Southern Hemisphere and are consistent with recent oceanographic data for the surface waters of the Pacific Ocean. Waters from the southernmost sampling locality (Eden) contained higher phosphate, silicate, cadmium and nickel, but lower chromium concentrations than waters from the other four localities, reflecting the inputs of water from the Tasman Sea in the south compared with the dominance of waters from the Coral Sea along the rest of the coast. Cadmium concentrations were positively correlated with both phosphate and silicate. Chromium and lead concentrations were also significantly correlated. It is likely that a major source of lead is atmospheric deposition. The trace metal concentrations were comparable to those in the surface waters of the Pacific Ocean, indicating that fluvial inputs or processes occurring in the coastal margin were of limited importance in determining trace metal concentrations.

Natural enrichment of topsoils with chromium and other heavy metals, Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd G. Lottermoser
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Environmental Investigation ◽  
South Wales

Total heavy metal concentrations [cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper(Cu), iron (Fe), mangnese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)]were determined in surface soil samples from Port Macquarie, New South Wales,Australia. Composite topsoil samples (0–10 cm depth) had mean values(per kg) of 13 mg Co, 1020 mg Cr, 59 mg Cu, 136·7 g Fe, 719 mg Mn, 149mg Ni, 20 mg Pb, and 47 mg Zn. The topsoils were generally characterised by alow pH (3·8–5·2) and a mineralogy dominated by haematite,magnetite, quartz, and kaolinite. Chromium was predominantly present in thetopsoils as Cr3+ in microcrystalline chromite(FeCr2O4) and, to a lesser degree,in kaolinite and haematite. Differences in Cr soil concentrations with depthwere due to variations in the relative abundance of the various soilcomponents, rather than Cr3+ mobility within the soilprofile. The elevated heavy metal concentrations are the result of soildevelopment over metal-rich bedrock (serpentinite matrix melange) andassociated enrichment of relatively immobile elements (Cr, Fe, Ni) in theresidual soil profile. The ANZECC and NH&MRC (Australian and New ZealandEnvironment and Conservation Council and National Health & MedicalResearch Council) environmental investigation limits were exceeded for100% of the sample sites for Cr, 47% for Cu, 61% for Mn,and 58% for Ni.

Heavy metals, selenium and arsenic in nine species of Australian commercial fish

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
GN Bebbington ◽  
NJ Mackay ◽  
R Chvojka ◽  
RJ Williams ◽  
A Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
New South ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Results of a survey of metal levels in nine species of important commercial fish from New South Wales waters are reported. Muscle samples from 20-30 individuals of each species were analysed for mercury, cadmium, lead, copper and zinc. Eight to 12 individuals of each species were analysed for selenium and arsenic. Of the 232 fish analysed, 231 had concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc below the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) standards for these elements in foodstuffs. Several specimens of bream, snapper, mulloway, kingfish, Australian salmon and yellowfin tuna had total mercury concentrations in excess of the NHMRC standard of 0.5 ppm. These fish accounted for approximately 7% of the total number sampled. None of the sea mullet, flathead and tailor sampled exceeded the standard for mercury. The mercury in all species sampled occurred almost entirely as methyl mercury. Of the 95 fish analysed for arsenic and selenium, 20 fish (21 %) had arsenic concentrations equal to or greater than the NHMRC standard for selenium. The health risks associated with the presence of mercury and arsenic in these species are discussed.

scholarly journals Toxic Metals in Liquid and Aerosol from Pod-Type Electronic Cigarettes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naudia Gray ◽  
Mary Halstead ◽  
Liza Valentin-Blasini ◽  
Clifford Watson ◽  
R Steven Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
High Background ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Aerosol Emissions ◽  
Metal Delivery

Abstract High-quality, accurate data on liquid contents and aerosol emissions from electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, e.g., e-cigarettes) are crucial to address potential health concerns as these devices evolve and mature. Metals are an important class of ENDS constituents that merit attention as they have various health implications. Proper sampling, handling and aerosol trapping materials are essential to generate accurate quantitative metal data and to reduce the likelihood of inaccurate results originating from inappropriate collection vessels and materials that contribute to high background levels. Published methods that meet these criteria were applied to the analyses of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin and lead in liquid and aerosol from mint/menthol and tobacco flavors of currently popular pod-based devices from three manufacturers. Metal concentrations from pods that had not been used for generating aerosol ranged from below our lowest reportable level to 0.164 µg/g for Cr, 61.3 µg/g for Ni, 927 µg/g for Cu, 14.9 µg/g for Zn, 58.2 µg/g for Sn and 2.56 µg/g for Pb. Cadmium was included in our analyte panel and was not present above detection limits in liquid or aerosol. Aerosol metal concentrations (using a 55-mL puff) ranged from below our lowest reportable level to 29.9 ng/10 puffs for Cr, 373 ng/10 puffs for Ni, 209 ng/10 puffs for Cu, 4,580 ng/10 puffs for Zn, 127 ng/10 puffs for Sn and 463 ng/10 puffs for Pb. Our results showed some metal delivery from all the products examined and highly variable metal levels between manufacturer, brand and package.

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