Hormonal control of ear abortion in a stress-sensitive maize (Zea mays) inbred

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Lejeune ◽  
Els Prinsen ◽  
Henry Van Onckelen ◽  
Georges Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Floral Transition ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Apical Shoot ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Sterile Leaf ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

A cold-sensitive maize (Zea mays L.) inbred was used as a model for investigating the interactions between growth regulators, reproductive development, and environmental stress. In this genotype, a chilling treatment given just before floral transition caused the topmost ear to abort and be replaced at maturity by a sterile, leaf-like, structure. Exogenous applications of the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or of the cytokinin benzyladenine respectively mimicked or prevented the abortive response caused by chilling. Chilling also induced a moderate decrease in the content of endogenous indoleacetic acid (IAA) in the apical shoot tissues. By contrast, zeatin-type cytokinins decreased dramatically (5–8 fold), both in the apical shoot tissues and in the xylem exudate of chilled plants. Overall, the ratio of free-IAA to zeatin-cytokinins was increased in the apical shoot of chilled plants. Our results suggest that: (1) ear abortion induced by chilling might be related to an altered cytokinin content; (2) the number of developing ears may be limited by the endogenous levels of cytokinins just before floral transition; and (3) cytokinins may have a potential for increasing yield in maize.

Herbicide-Induced Ethylene Production: Role of the Gas in Sublethal Doses of 2,4-D

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. B. Abeles
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Ethylene production was stimulated by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from light-grown corn (Zea mays L., var. XL-15) and soybeans (Glycine max Merr., var. Hawkeye). Ethylene had an inhibitory effect on the growth of corn and soybeans, but a reversal of the ethylene effect could not be clearly demonstrated using the competitive inhibitor, carbon dioxide. Ethylene did not mimic the ability of 2,4-D to cause growth curvatures. It was concluded that ethylene played a role in the activity of sublethal amounts of 2,4-D.

Absorption and Dissipation of TCA by Wheat and Oats

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. P. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

In the greenhouse, five crops were grown in soil containing trichloroacetic acid (TCA) at 3 to 24 ppm. Based on seedling yields, corn (Zea mays L., var. Morden 88) and oats (Avena sativa L., var. Rodney) were relatively tolerant to TCA at all rates, barley (Hordeum vulgare L., var. Conquest) and rye (Secale cereale L., var. Antelope) were tolerant at lower rates, but wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var. Manitou) suffered injury at all rates. When TCA-2-14C was applied to the roots of wheat and oats seedlings in water or nutrient solution, wheat seedlings absorbed more TCA-2-14C than oats. Potassium cyanide (KCN) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) decreased TCA-2-14C absorption by wheat more than that by oats. From 5 to 21 days after application, wheat retained two to four times as much TCA-2-14C as oats. Thus, half of the TCA-2-14C in shoots and roots of wheat disappeared in 11.3 and 11.4 days, respectively, compared with 7.9 and 3.5 days for oats. Based on this investigation, the difference in susceptibility of wheat and oats to TCA appeared to be governed by the metabolic processes involved in absorption and dissipation.

scholarly journals Reversion of Senescence: Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and Indoleacetic Acid on Respiration, Ethylene Production, and Ripening of Banana Fruit Slices

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vendrell
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Slices cut from green, unripe fruit were treated by infiltration with aqueous solutions of 2,4�dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4�D) and indoleacetic acid (lAA). 2,4.D delayed but increased the size of those peaks in respiration and ethylene production which are induced by cutting; ripening was also delayed. These effects were proportional to concentrations of 2,4.D in the range 1O-LlO-3M. Higher concentrations caused injury.

Metabolism and Residues of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in DAS-40278-9 Maize (Zea mays) Transformed with Aryloxyalkanoate Dioxygenase-1 Gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (40) ◽  
pp. 7438-7444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Sandra L. Rotondaro ◽  
Mingming Ma ◽  
Steve W. Rosser ◽  
Ed L. Olberding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Promoter region characterization of ZmPhyB2 associated with the photoperiod-dependent floral transition in maize (Zea mays L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 1413-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiyong Zhao ◽  
Haijing Liu ◽  
Xiaomin Wei ◽  
Liancheng Wu ◽  
Fangfang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Floral Transition

scholarly journals Comparing the effects of different exogenous hormone combinations on seed-derived callus induction in Nicotiana tabacum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Lang ◽  
Jędrzej Pankowski ◽  
Piotr Grabarz ◽  
Bartosz Pluciński ◽  
Paweł Jedynak
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Exogenous Hormone ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Fluorescence Of Chlorophyll A ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Callus from Nicotiana tabacum is used as a model in plant developmental research. We tested several phytohormone (Indoleacetic acid – IAA; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid – 2,4-D; kinetin – KIN; 6-Benzylaminopurine – BAP) combinations to compare different approaches to callus induction directly from the seeds of Nicotiana tabacum. Callus formation was observed up to 4 weeks after sowing and the most effective were 0.5 mg/L of 2,4-D with 0.25 mg/L of BAP and 2 mg/L 2,4-D with 1 mg/L of BAP. The calli were green, photosynthetically active and after 6 weeks of growth, no stress symptoms (estimated on the basis of fluorescence of chlorophyll a in photosystem II) were noticed.

scholarly journals Effect of Hormonal Regime and Explant Type on Cell Clusters Expression of Maize Mutants (Zea Mays L) Derived from Gamma Irradiated Seeds of Ev8728 variety

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Kanga Ahou Nadia ◽  
Ayolié Koutoua ◽  
Yao Kouakou François Konan ◽  
Kassi Amalan Angèle ◽  
Soro Dogniméton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Explant Position ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Maize (Zea mays L.) seeds irradiated with gamma or not from the fourth self-fertilisation cycle were selected for tissue culture. For this purpose, MS medium supplemented with 30 g.L-1 sucrose, 100 mg.L-1 casein hydrolysate, 100 mg.L-1 myo-inositol and 6 g.L-1 agar was used. For this purpose, three auxins type (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D), 2-methoxy-3.6-dichlorobenzoic acid (Dicamba) and Indole-3-Acetic Acid (AIA)) and explants (root, epicotyl and leaf) were tested. The results showed that 2.4-D more precisely at 3.5 mg.L-1 was the best auxin for callus induction in the different maize mutants studied. The induction rate, dry matter weight and water content of callus varied according to the type, age, explant position and the maize mutants studied (control, 200 and 300 grays). Thus, the 7-day root and more precisely its basal part was better for callogenesis. In addition, mutants of the 200 grays dose were more expressive in the ability to induce callus in EV8728maize variety.

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