Colorectal carcinoma-specific antigen: detection by means of monoclonal antibodies.

Abstract Context.—In immunohistochemistry, nonstandardized antigen retrieval protocols and fluids, poor-quality antibodies, and the presence of endogenous biotin frequently lead to incorrect results. Recently, advanced reagents including bifunctional SkipDewax pretreatment solution (BSPS), rabbit monoclonal (RM) antibodies, and biotin-free polymer detection systems (PDSs) have been developed, which, it is claimed, resolve these problems. Objectives.—To determine whether BSPS, RM antibodies, and biotin-free PDSs improve the accuracy of immunohistochemistry; to optimize a new protocol consisting of a combination of BSPS, RM antibodies, and PDSs; and to compare it with a conventional protocol. Design.—The efficacies of BSPS, RM antibodies, and PDSs were compared with those of their respective conventional reagents using multitissue spring-roll sections. The new protocol was compared with a conventional protocol using Ki-67 immunostaining of 49 colorectal carcinoma specimens. Results.—For antigen retrieval, BSPS resulted in similar or better tissue staining than an EDTA solution, but the efficacy of BSPS decreased when it was reused. Most RM antibodies resulted in a greater proportion of positive cells than the corresponding non-RM antibodies, which did not produce satisfactory results in the absence of antigen retrieval. The PDSs Bond, ChemMate, and SuperPicture resulted in a high percentage of positive cells, good staining intensities, and low backgrounds. Other PDSs, except that from Ventana, resulted in high backgrounds and false positivity. The new combined protocol resulted in better Ki-67 staining than the conventional assay. Conclusions.—Bifunctional SkipDewax pretreatment solution, RM antibodies, and PDSs improve staining quality and diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry assays and provide a foundation for standardization.

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Circulating filarial antigen detection in brugian filariasis

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182015001675 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 143 (3) ◽

pp. 350-357

Author(s):

PRAVEEN KUMAR TRIPATHI ◽

RAMESH CHANDER MAHAJAN ◽

NANCY MALLA ◽

ABHISHEK MEWARA ◽

SHAILJA MISRA BHATTACHARYA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Worm ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Antigen Detection ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Helminthic Infections ◽

Filarial Antigen ◽

Endemic Normal ◽

Grade Iii ◽

Antigen Reactivity ◽

Circulating Filarial Antigen

SUMMARYHuman lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a major cause of disability globally. The success of global elimination programmes for LF depends upon effectiveness of tools for diagnosis and treatment. In this study on stage-specific antigen detection in brugian filariasis, L3, adult worm (AW) and microfilarial antigenaemia were detected in around 90–95% of microfilariae carriers (MF group), 50–70% of adenolymphangitis (ADL) patients, 10–25% of chronic pathology (CP) patients and 10–15% of endemic normal (EN) controls. The sensitivity of the circulating filarial antigen (CFA) detection in serum samples from MF group was up to 95%. In sera from ADL patients, unexpectedly, less antigen reactivity was observed. In CP group all the CFA positive individuals were from CP grade I and II only and none from grade III or IV, suggesting that with chronicity the AWs lose fecundity and start to disintegrate and die. Amongst EN subject, 10–15% had CFA indicating that few of them harbour filarial AWs, thus they might not be truly immune as has been conventionally believed. The specificity for antigen detection was 100% when tested with sera from various other protozoan and non-filarial helminthic infections.

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Monoclonal Antibodies to a Tumor Specific Antigen on Rat Mammary Carcinoma Sp4 and Their Use in Drug Delivery Systems

Hybridomas and Cellular Immortality ◽

10.1007/978-1-4615-9352-2_12 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 185-200

Author(s):

R. W. Baldwin ◽

M. J. Embleton ◽

G. R. Flannery ◽

B. Gunn ◽

J. A. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Mammary Carcinoma ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Tumor Specific Antigen

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The Treatment of Colorectal Carcinoma With Monoclonal Antibodies: In reply

Deutsches Aerzteblatt Online ◽

10.3238/arztebl.2009.0526b ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Volker Heinemann ◽

Sebastian Stintzing

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Colorectal Carcinoma

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Analysis of human bone marrow with monoclonal antibodies.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/33.12.2415573 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 1183-1189 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P J Thurlow ◽

L Kerrigan ◽

R A Harris ◽

I F McKenzie

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Cell Types ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Simple Method ◽

Antigenic Phenotype ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽

Cellular Phenotypes

In order to study the antigenic phenotype of different hemopoietic cells, we used a series of monoclonal antibodies to investigate normal bone marrow in a standard immunofluorescence assay. The antibodies detected the following antigens: HLA-ABC, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), HLA-DR (Ia), a lymphocyte subset and specific antigen (T and B) HuLy-m2, m3, T lymphocyte antigen (HuLy-m1), lymphocyte T200 antigen (HuLy-m4), a viral-associated antigen (HuLy-m5), and platelet-specific glycoproteins IIb-IIIa (HuPl-m1). The following results were obtained: (a) normoblasts were weakly HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+ and Ia-; all other lymphocyte and platelet antigens were not detected. (b) Myeloid cells at all stages of differentiation (promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, and neutrophils) were HLA-ABC+; beta 2m+; HuLy-m1-, m2-, m3+/- (20%), m4+, m5+/- (20%); HuPl-m1-; in addition, promyelocytes and myelocytes were Ia+ but neutrophils and metamyelocytes were Ia-. (c) Lymphocytes were HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+, Ia+/- (20-30%), HuLy-m1+/- (40-50%), m2+/- (60-70%), m3+, m4+, m5+; Pl-m1-. (d) Platelets and megakaryocytes were HLA-ABC+; beta 2m+; Ia-; HuLy-m1+-, m2-, m3-, m4-, m5-, HuPl-m1+, and the putative "megakaryocyte precursors" were HuPl-m1+, Ia-, HuLy-m1-. The different cell types in bone marrow could readily be distinguished, particularly cells of the myeloid series (Ia and HuLy-m4, m5), lymphocytes (Ia and HuLy-m1, m2, m3), and platelets and their precursor cells (HuPl-m1). This simple method of defining cellular phenotypes in bone marrow has demonstrated the practicality of using monoclonal antibodies to identify marrow cells and should be of diagnostic value.

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