Ramularia pratensis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
S. Wilson

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia pratensis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Rumex acetosa, R. aquaticus, R. acetosella, R. hydrolapathum, R. longifolius, R. obtusifolius, R. thyrsiflorus. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Rumex spp. Round or oval lesions, from (1-) 2 (-3) mm diam., with a distinct purple-brown border and buff centre. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe: Channel Islands, Eire, Great Britain, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Sweden. TRANSMISSION: Probably wind-dispersal by air-borne spores.

Author(s):  
S. Wilson

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia rubella. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Rumex acetosa, R. aquaticus, R. brownii, R. conglomeratus, R. crispus, R. hymenosepalus, R. longifolius, R. nepalensis, R. obtusifolius, R. pulcher, R. stenophyllus. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Rumex spp. Symptoms occur more frequently on older leaves. Spots are apparent on both sides of leaf. Lesions are irregular, frequently angular or circular, brown with a buff centre often having a dark brown or purple border, sometimes coalescent. Size varies from 1-15 mm (mostly 7 mm) diam. Sporulation begins at centre of lesion, conidia in profusion will give a frosted appearance to spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Ohio, Washington, Wisconsin); South America: Brazil; Europe: Eire, England, Germany, Romania, Sweden, USSR; Africa: Libya; Asia: India, Iraq; Australasia: Australia (Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria), New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: Probably wind dispersal by air-borne spores.


Author(s):  
J. C. David

Abstract A description is provided for Cladosporium variabile. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Spinacia oleracea. Reports of this species from other hosts, such as Impatiens and Brassica, generally refer to infections by Cladosporium macrocarpum Preuss. DISEASE: Leaf-spot of spinach. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: China (Shaanxi, Xinjiang), India. N. America: USA (MA, VA). Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Romania, Spain, UK. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.


Author(s):  
J. C. David

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria cassiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Albizia procera, Banhinia purpurea, Cassia angustifolia, C. corymbosa, C. fistula, C. glauca, C. holosericea, C. obtusifolia, C. occidentalis, C. sophora, Crotalaria spectabilis (68, 1563), Rhynchosia sp. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Cassia or sicklepod. The disease can also affect seedlings. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: South Africa. North America: USA (Florida). Asia: India, Pakistan. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.


Author(s):  
J. C. David

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora parthenii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot of parthenium. HOSTS: Parthenium hysterophorus (Compositae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: CENTRAL AMERICA: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Trinidad. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.


Author(s):  
G. Morgan-Jones

Abstract A description is provided for Phoma prunicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Malus spp., Prunus spp., and a variety of other substrates. DISEASE: Leaf spot of apple, pear and species of Prunus. Thought to be a secondary invader. Isolated from fruit rot of lemon (31: 487). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania); Asia (India, Israel); Australasia (Tasmania); Europe (Bulgaria, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, U.S.S.R.); N. America (United States). TRANSMISSION: Probably seed and soil borne. Dissemination by rain.


Author(s):  
J. Ingham

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia winteri. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Ononis repens, O. spinosa, Restharrow. DISEASE: On living and fading leaves of Ononis spp. not forming definite spots. Sporulation is known to occur in August. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Austria, Germany, Great Britain). TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of air-borne conidia.


Author(s):  
J. Ingham

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia galegae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Galega officinalis: Goat's rue. DISEASE: Leaf spot of G. officinalis. Lesions tend to be elongated, being restricted by larger veins, but several infections together can give the lesions an irregular appearance. Small tufts of conidiophores can be seen on either leaf surface. Sporulation is known to occur in October. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (France, Italy, Romania). TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of air-borne conidia.


Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria geranii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot; necrotic spots, leading to leaf drying. HOSTS: Geranium carolinianum, G. collinum, G. columbinum, G. depilatum, G. dissectum, G. divaricatum, G. graveolens, G. lucidum, G. molle, G. nodosum, G. palustre, G. pratense, G. purpureum, G. pusillum, G. pyrenaicum, G. rectum, G. robertianum, G. sanguineum, G. sylvaticum, G. versicolor (Geraniaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Canary Is, Kenya. NORTH AMERICA: USA. ASIA: Azerbaijan, Republic of Georgia [www.cybertruffle.org.uk/gruzmaps/index.htm], India, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Belarus, Bulgaria, Estonia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain. TRANSMISSION: Not reported, but almost certainly by airborne or splash-dispersed conidia.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lophomerum ponticum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Rhododendron ponticum. DISEASE: Leaf spot of rhododendron. In general Lophomerum ponticum appears to be saprophytic. Its ascocarps are usually not produced until the leaves have senesced, become detached and fallen to the litter. Occasionally, however, ascocarps can be found on browned regions of otherwise green leaves, and it seems possible, therefore, that the species is facultatively parasitic. It is important to distinguish this species from Lophodermium vagulum (CMI Descriptions 789) which is the causal agent of a leaf spot disease of chinese rhododendrons, but which does not occur on R. ponticum. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Great Britain), probably much more widespread. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.


Author(s):  
S. Wilson

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia bistortae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Polygonum bistorta, P. viviparum. DISEASE: Leaf spot of P. bistorta. Lesions on both sides, irregular, often angular or circular, dark purple-brown margin with light brown centre, size varies from 1-8 mm (usually 4-5 mm) diam., sporulation occurs on both sides of leaf. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe: Austria, England, Germany, Italy, Romania; North America: USA (Wyoming). TRANSMISSION: Not known, probably wind dispersal by air-borne spores.


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