Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Content and Indices of Red Raspberry Yield, Vigor, and Nitrogen Status as Affected by Rate and Source of Nitrogen Fertilizer

Summary1. Ammonia added as sulphate of ammonia disappeared rapidly from a pasture grassland soil, while very little nitrate accumulated. In winter or early spring three-fourths of the added nitrogen had gone in less than 4 weeks. After the first fortnight there was little difference in the soil inorganic nitrogen from calcium cyanamide and from sulphate of ammonia. A moderate dressing of dicyanodiamide slightly reduced but did not inhibit nitrification; it did not appreciably retard the disappearance of inorganic nitrogen from the soil in winter.2. Winter applications of sulphate of ammonia produced less increase in yield or nitrogen content of repeatedly mown herbage than did spring ones. A late autumn application was almost as effective as a spring one. Calcium cyanamide in late autumn or early winter was on the whole less effective than sulphate of ammonia, but in spring the two were substantially equal. There was little evidence that calcium cyanamide was “slow acting” in comparison with sulphate of ammonia. Dicyanodiamide was practically inert so far as the effect of winter dressings on yield or nitrogen uptake was concerned.

Download Full-text

Effects of snow manipulation on larch trees in the taiga forest ecosystem in northeastern Siberia

Progress in Earth and Planetary Science ◽

10.1186/s40645-021-00460-5 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ruslan Shakhmatov ◽

Shuhei Hashiguchi ◽

Trofim C. Maximov ◽

Atsuko Sugimoto

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Soil Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Soil Ammonium ◽

Taiga Forest ◽

Snow Manipulation ◽

Soil Inorganic

AbstractChanges in winter precipitation (snow) may greatly affect vegetation by altering hydrological and biochemical processes. To understand the effects of changing snow cover depth and melt timing on the taiga forest ecosystem, a snow manipulation experiment was conducted in December 2015 at the Spasskaya Pad experimental larch forest in Eastern Siberia, which is characterized by a continental dry climate with extreme cold winters and hot summers. Variables including soil temperature and moisture, oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of soil moisture and stem water, foliar nitrogen and carbon contents and their isotopes, phenology, and soil inorganic nitrogen were observed at snow removal (SNOW−), snow addition (SNOW+), and CONTROL plots. After snow manipulation, the soil temperature at the SNOW− plot decreased significantly compared to the CONTROL and SNOW+ plots. At SNOW− plot, snowmelt was earlier and soil temperature was higher than at other plots during spring because of low soil moisture caused by less snowmelt water. Despite the earlier snowmelt and higher soil temperature in the SNOW− plot in the early growing season, needle elongation was delayed. Leaf chemistry also differed between the CONTROL and SNOW− plots. The needle nitrogen content in the SNOW− plot was lower in the middle of July, whereas no difference was observed among the three plots in August. The soil inorganic nitrogen content of each plot corresponded to these results. The amount of soil ammonium was lower in the SNOW− plot than in the other plots at the end of July, however, once production started in August, the amount of soil ammonium in the three plots was comparable. Extremely low soil temperatures in winter and freeze–thaw cycles in spring and dry soil condition in spring and early summer at the SNOW− plot may have influenced the phenology and production of soil inorganic nitrogen.

Download Full-text

Effects of controlled-release urea combined with fulvic acid on soil inorganic nitrogen, leaf senescence and yield of cotton

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74218-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jibiao Geng ◽

Xiuyi Yang ◽

Xianqi Huo ◽

Jianqiu Chen ◽

Shutong Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Fulvic Acid ◽

Leaf Senescence ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Soil Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Controlled Release Urea ◽

Soil Inorganic

Abstract A split-plot field experiment was conducted in 2018–2019 to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer types and fulvic acid (FA) rates on soil nitrogen and cotton growth. The nitrogen fertilizers included controlled-release urea (CRU) and urea, which were applied combined with three FA rates (90, 180 and 270 kg ha-1). The main plot was the nitrogen fertilizer type, and the subplot was the FA rate. The results showed that the lint yield of the FA180 treatment was 5.2–8.6% higher than the FA90 and FA270 treatments. Moreover, moderate FA application markedly improved the cotton leaf SPAD value (chlorophyll relative value), photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters compared with low and high FA rates. Replacing urea with CRU significantly increased the soil inorganic nitrogen and nitrogen use efficiency and also improved cotton fiber quality parameters. Meanwhile, the boll weight and seed yield of the CRU treatments were 1.5–8.4% and 3.3–19.1% higher, respectively, than the urea treatments. The interaction between nitrogen type and FA rate had a positive effect on cotton growth. Thus, the application of CRU combined with 180 kg ha-1 FA on cotton can not only improve the fiber quality and delay leaf senescence but also increase the yield and economic benefit.

Download Full-text

Effects of Snow Manipulation on Larch Trees in the Taiga Forest Ecosystem in Northeastern Siberia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-753116/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ruslan Shakhmatov ◽

Shuhei Hashiguchi ◽

Trofim C. Maximov ◽

Atsuko Sugimoto

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Soil Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Soil Ammonium ◽

Taiga Forest ◽

Snow Manipulation ◽

Soil Inorganic

Abstract Changes in winter precipitation (snow) may greatly affect vegetation by altering hydrological and biochemical processes. To understand the effects of changing snow cover depth and melt timing on the taiga forest ecosystem, a snow manipulation experiment was conducted in December 2015 at the Spasskaya Pad experimental larch forest in Eastern Siberia, which is characterized by a continental dry climate with extreme cold winters and hot summers. Variables including soil temperature and moisture, oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of soil moisture and stem water, foliar nitrogen and carbon contents and their isotopes, phenology, and soil inorganic nitrogen were observed at snow removal (SNOW−), snow addition (SNOW+), and CONTROL plots. After snow manipulation, the soil temperature at the SNOW− plot decreased significantly compared to the CONTROL and SNOW+ plots. At SNOW−, snowmelt was earlier and soil temperature was higher than at other plots during spring because of low soil moisture caused by less snowmelt water. Despite the earlier snowmelt and higher soil temperature in the SNOW− plot in the early growing season, needle opening and shoot elongation were delayed. Leaf chemistry also differed between the CONTROL and SNOW+ plots. The needle nitrogen content in the SNOW− plot was lower in the middle of July, whereas no difference was observed among the three plots in August. The soil inorganic nitrogen content of each plot corresponded to these results. The amount of soil ammonium was lower in the SNOW− plot than in the other plots at the end of July, however, once production started at the end of August, the amount of soil ammonium in the three plots was comparable. Extremely low soil temperatures in winter and freeze-thaw cycles in spring at the SNOW− plot may have affected these results.

Download Full-text