Is Analogical Thinking Characteristic of Children?

1924 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 390-392
Author(s):  
Edward Porter St. John*
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Thinking

scholarly journals Avaliação cognitiva psicométrica e assistida de crianças com baixa visão moderada

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (48) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Barros da Cunha ◽  
Sônia Regina Fiorim Enumo ◽  
Cláudia Patrocínio Pedroza Canal
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Thinking

Provas assistidas, que incluem uma fase intermediária de mediação, podem promover uma percepção mais otimista do desempenho cognitivo. Este estudo analisou o desempenho de 12 crianças, com idade entre cinco e nove anos, com baixa visão moderada, em provas assistidas (Jogo de Perguntas de Busca para Crianças com Deficiência Visual -PBFG-DV ou Children Analogical Thinking Modifiability - CATM) e uma psicométrica (Escala de Maturidade Mental Columbia - EMMC). Na EEMC, a mediana foi 68; no PBFG-DV, o perfil cognitivo foi ganhador e, no CATM, todas as quatro crianças em idade pré-escolar tiveram perfil de desempenho ganhador. Os tipos de ajuda mais utilizados pela examinadora foram a instrução e o feedback informativo, fornecidos desde a fase inicial das provas assistidas. Estas foram sensíveis para avaliar e diferenciar essas crianças que apresentaram baixa classificação na prova psicométrica, mostrando seu potencial de aprendizagem; porém, discute-se, ainda, a adequação do CATM para essa população.

scholarly journals Employment of Item Response Theory to measure change in Children's Analogical Thinking Modifiability Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486
Author(s):  
Odoisa Antunes de Queiroz ◽  
Ricardo Primi ◽  
Lucas de Francisco Carvalho ◽  
Sônia Regina Fiorim Enumo
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Analogical Thinking ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Post Test

Dynamic testing, with an intermediate phase of assistance, measures changes between pretest and post-test assuming a common metric between them. To test this assumption we applied the Item Response Theory in the responses of 69 children to dynamic cognitive testing Children's Analogical Thinking Modifiability Test adapted, with 12 items, totaling 828 responses, with the purpose of verifying if the original scale yields the same results as the equalized scale obtained by Item Response Theory in terms of "changes quantifying". We followed the steps: 1) anchorage of the pre and post-test items through a cognitive analysis, finding 3 common items; 2) estimation of the items' difficulty level parameter and comparison of those; 3) equalization of the items and estimation of "thetas"; 4) comparison of the scales. The Children's Analogical Thinking Modifiability Test metric was similar to that estimated by the TRI, but it is necessary to differentiate the pre and post-test items' difficulty, adjusting it to samples with high and low performance.

Analogical reasoning and regulatory focus: using the creative process to enhance consumer-brand outcomes within a co-creation context

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1355-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Naletelich ◽  
Nancy Spears
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
New Product ◽  
Regulatory Fit ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Task Engagement ◽  
Reasoning Task ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analogical Thinking

Purpose New product development (NPD) is increasingly being delegated to consumers, yet little research has investigated consumer-centric factors that may influence this delegation. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to uniquely combine regulatory focus and analogical reasoning to investigate new product ideation and downstream consumer-brand responses. Design/methodology/approach A series of experiments were undertaken. Findings Study 1 revealed that promotion-focused consumers (as opposed to prevention-focused consumers) have significantly greater purchase intentions if given an analogical reasoning task before engaging in new product ideation due to their cognitive flexibility. Study 2 tested the effects of near vs far analogies and found that promotion-focused consumers use analogical thinking to a greater extent and have significantly higher purchase intentions if primed with far analogies because regulatory fit is enhanced. However, analogical thinking and purchase intentions significantly drop if primed with near analogies. In contrast, prevention-focused consumers use analogical thinking to a greater extent and have significantly higher purchase intentions if shown near analogies, compared to far analogies, because of improved regulatory fit. Both studies confirm a serial mediation chain involving task engagement, self-brand connection, and brand sincerity. Research limitations/implications This research extends current understanding regarding the role of creative tasks within consumer NPD. It also uniquely links regulatory focus and consumer task engagement in NPD to increase favorable brand responses. Practical implications Findings offer managerial insights that can positively increase consumer-brand outcomes during NPD. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to demonstrate the importance of analogical thinking and consumer-centric factors (i.e., regulatory focus) during the NPD process. This avenue of research is important, as most studies have neglected ways in which to increase consumer NPD task engagement, leaving resources unutilized.

Recalibrating categorisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-195
Author(s):  
Helena Van Praet
Keyword(s):  
Reader Response ◽  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
Analogical Thinking ◽  
Reader Response Criticism

Abstract This article explores how the notion of decreation manifests itself in the signifying strategies of Anne Carson’s Decreation: Poetry, Essays, Opera (2005). By revisiting Carson’s stereoscopic poetics and Wolfgang Iser’s branch of reader-response criticism, the article conceptualises these signification strategies, which include generic hybridity and multimodality, as guiding devices that usher the reader’s perspective towards a stereoscopic vision of sameness-in-otherness. These strategies can evoke a sense of ‘decreation’ by drawing the reader’s attention to the boundary between (apparent) incongruities whilst simultaneously encouraging the reader to forge previously unsuspected connections. The semiological argument proposed here concludes that the transcendence of this ‘edge’ by means of analogical thinking constitutes the metaphysical project of personal re-creation.

Semantic Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Semantic Change ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Contextual Data ◽  
Analogical Thinking ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Meaning Change ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Types Of Change

Traditional approaches to semantic change typically focus on outcomes of meaning change and list types of change such as metaphoric and metonymic extension, broadening and narrowing, and the development of positive and negative meanings. Examples are usually considered out of context, and are lexical members of nominal and adjectival word classes. However, language is a communicative activity that is highly dependent on context, whether that of the ongoing discourse or of social and ideological changes. Much recent work on semantic change has focused, not on results of change, but on pragmatic enabling factors for change in the flow of speech. Attention has been paid to the contributions of cognitive processes, such as analogical thinking, production of cues as to how a message is to be interpreted, and perception or interpretation of meaning, especially in grammaticalization. Mechanisms of change such as metaphorization, metonymization, and subjectification have been among topics of special interest and debate. The work has been enabled by the fine-grained approach to contextual data that electronic corpora allow.

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