Effects of HIV-related stigma among an early sample of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Botswana

Abstract BackgroundCurrently, people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus have longer life expectancies with the use of antiretroviral therapy. However; depression is the most common in these patients, which has markedly resulted to poor health outcomes due to reduced adherence to treatment and deterioration of medical outcomes, including treatment resistance, increase the demand for the utilization of medical resources and increase the morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among adult people living with HIV attending antiretroviral therapy clinic in public hospitals at KembataTembaro Zone, South Ethiopia,2020.MethodAn institution based cross sectional study was conducted in public Hospitals of KembataTembaro Zone from March 1/2020-April30/2020. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Multivariable Logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with depression using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval and P-value < 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of depression was 44.3% (95% CI: 39.4% − 49.2 Being female (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.21,3.40), living alone (AOR = 3.09,95%CI :1.68,5.68), Having HIV related stigma (AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.73, 4.71), poor social support (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.48, 4.78), CD4 count less than 350 cell/ul (AOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.48, 4.58) and Poor medication adherence (AOR = 2.19,95% CI: 1.32, 3.65) were factors significantly associated with depression.ConclusionThe prevalence of depression was high. Being female, living alone, having HIV related stigma, Poor social support, CD4 count less than 350 cell/ul and poor medication adherence were associated with depression. Depression should be included as part of the routine consultation of HIV patients to ensure early detection and treatment.

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The impact of HIV treatment-related stigma on uptake of antiretroviral therapy

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540121.2014.998614 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 739-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Elena Cama ◽

Loren Brener ◽

Sean Slavin ◽

John de Wit

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Related Stigma ◽

The Impact

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Quantification and factors associated with HIV-related stigma among persons living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy at the HIV-day care unit of the Bamenda Regional Hospital, North West Region of Cameroon

Globalization and Health ◽

10.1186/s12992-018-0374-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Atem Bethel Ajong ◽

Philip Nana Njotang ◽

Ngholapeh Emmanuel Nghoniji ◽

Marie José Essi ◽

Martin Ndinakie Yakum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Day Care ◽

Regional Hospital ◽

North West ◽

Factors Associated ◽

West Region ◽

Persons Living With Hiv ◽

Related Stigma ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Experiences and Impact of Stigma and Discrimination among People on Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam: A Qualitative Perspective

AIDS Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2016/7925052 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maisara Mhode ◽

Tumaini Nyamhanga

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Stigma And Discrimination ◽

Care Workers ◽

Related Stigma ◽

Positive Treatment ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

The Impact

Background. The impact of stigma on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been less studied in Tanzania. Recent studies indicate that people on ART still experience stigma. Qualitative information on the subject matter is especially insufficient.Objective. This paper reports on the dimensions of stigma and discrimination and their impact on adherence to ART as experienced by people living with HIV (PLHIV).Design. A phenomenological approach was used to gather information on the lived experiences of stigma and discrimination. The sample size was determined according to the saturation principle.Results. Respondents experienced different forms of HIV-related stigma such as verbal, social, and perceived stigma. Various forms of discrimination were experienced, including relational discrimination, mistreatment by health care workers, blame and rejection by spouses, and workplace discrimination. HIV-related stigma and discrimination compromised ART adherence by reinforcing concealment of HIV status and undermining social suppport.Conclusion. After nearly a decade of increasing the provision of ART in Tanzania, PLHIV still experience stigma and discrimination; these experiences still appear to have a negative impact on treatment adherence. Efforts to reduce stigma and discrimination remain relevant in the ART period and should be given more impetus in order to maximize positive treatment outcomes.

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