Constructed Wetlands and Waste Stabilization Ponds for Small Rural Communities in the United Kingdom: A Comparison of Land Area Requirements, Performance and Costs

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Mara
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization

Post-treatment of UASB reactor effluent in waste stabilization ponds and in horizontal flow constructed wetlands: a comparative study in pilot scale in Southeast Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. X. Bastos ◽  
M. L. Calijuri ◽  
P. D. Bevilacqua ◽  
E. N. Rios ◽  
E. H. O. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
And Performance

The results of a 20-month period study in Brazil were analyzed to compare horizontal-flow constructed wetlands (CW) and waste stabilization pond (WSP) systems in terms of land area requirements and performance to produce effluent qualities for surface water discharge, and for wastewater use in agriculture and/or aquaculture. Nitrogen, E. coli and helminth eggs were more effectively removed in WSP than in CW. It is indicated that CW and WSP require similar land areas to achieve a bacteriological effluent quality suitable for unrestricted irrigation (103E. coli per 100 mL), but CW would require 2.6 times more land area than ponds to achieve quite relaxed ammonia effluent discharge standards (20 mg NH3 L−1), and, by far, more land than WSP to produce an effluent complying with the WHO helminth guideline for agricultural use (≤1 egg per litre).

Small-scale waste-stabilization ponds for rural communities: an undergraduate experimental venture

Waterlines ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-444
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Greenberg ◽  
Christine Gamble ◽  
Bayard Pickens ◽  
Kaitlyn Wallett ◽  
David Edgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization

Waste Stabilization Ponds in France: An Overall Review

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Boutin ◽  
A. Vachon ◽  
Y. Racault
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Pond Management ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Design Basis ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Plant Area

In 1983 and 1986, surveys were conducted all over France on wastewater stabilization by “natural” ponds (lagoons), including an almost exhaustive inventory of the 1400 plants then operating. The statistical interpretation of collected data made it possible to analyse the spread of this technique, which became truly popular only ten years ago, and to discern the usual design basis and regional features. With a mean plant area of 5500 m2, lagoons are usually restricted to the treatment of effluents from rural communities, with the exception of large plants in coastal touristic areas. Partially planted ponds are a competing alternative to conventional algal lagooning. Current conditions of pond management are reviewed, with results of effluent quality.

Rotavirus removal in experimental waste stabilization pond systems with different geometries and configurations

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Oragui ◽  
H. Arridge ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
H. W. Pearson ◽  
S. A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization

Rotavirus removal in waste stabilization ponds is a relatively slow process: in a series of ten ponds (a 1-d anaerobic pond followed by nine 2-d ponds) its numbers were reduced from 1.4 × 105 per litre to zero, and in an “innovative” series (a 1-day anaerobic pond, 3-d facultative pond, 3.8-d, 3-d and 5-d maturation ponds) from 5.1 × 104 per litre to <5 per litre. Faecal coliforms were better indicators of rotaviruses than was Clostridium perfringens .

Waste stabilization ponds in France: a report on fifteen years experience

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Racault ◽  
C. Boutin ◽  
A. Seguin
Keyword(s):  
Load Level ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Sewerage System ◽  
System Type ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Output Load

In 1992, a survey was conducted on the performance of waste stabilization ponds in France. The data selected come from a sample of 178 ponds, with an average capacity of 600 p.e., throughout France. For each plant, one or several input--output load measurements over a 24-h period are available. The average organic load level received is approximately 25 kg BOD/ha.d, representing 50% of the nominal load. The quality of the treated water is presented based on the type of sewerage system feeding the ponds. The results appear dispersed, however; in 70% of the cases the concentrations in COD and BOD on filtered samples are under 120 mg/l and 40 mg/l, respectively, and the concentration in TSS under 120 mg/l (discharge standards in France for waste stabilization ponds). The reductions in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are on average from 60% to 70%. The influence of different parameters (sewerage system type, organic load, season, age of plant, etc.) was studied. The results appear noticeably worse when the ponds receive wastewater from a strictly separate sewerage system.

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