Cervical disc degeneration: important considerations for the manual therapist

Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) is the common method to treat the cervical disc degeneration. The most serious problems in the fusion cages are adjacent disc degeneration, loss of lordosis, pain, subsidence, and migration of the cage. The objective of our work is to develop the three-dimensional finite element (FE) model from C3-C6 and virtually implant a designed S-type dynamic cage at C4-C5 segment of the model. The dynamic cage design will provide mobility in the early stage after ACDF surgery. Titanium (Ti) and PEEK (polyether ether ketone) were used as the material property for the cages. We applied the physiological motions at different loads from 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0 Nm to evaluate the dynamic cage design and the biomechanical performances of the designed S-type dynamic cage. It was observed that in all the loading condition the range of motion in the adjacent level was maintained and the maximum stress at the adjacent disc was reduced. The clinical significance of the S-type dynamic cage is better stress profile at the fusion level and adjacent segments which translates into higher rate of fusion, lower risk of cage subsidence, lower risk of adjacent segment degeneration, and good mechanical stability.

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Cervical Disc Degeneration and Vertebral Endplate Defects After the Fused Operation

Spine ◽

10.1097/brs.0000000000004007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Olga Leonova ◽

Evgenii Baykov ◽

Abdugafur Sanginov ◽

Aleksandr Krutko

Keyword(s):

Disc Degeneration ◽

Cervical Disc ◽

Vertebral Endplate

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Cervical disc degeneration and neck pain

Journal of Pain Research ◽

10.2147/jpr.s180018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 11 ◽

pp. 2853-2857 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Baogan Peng ◽

Michael J DePalma

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Disc Degeneration ◽

Cervical Disc

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The Natural History of Severe Cervical Disc Degeneration

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica ◽

10.3109/17453677208998959 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 392-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. F. Depalma ◽

R. H. Rothman ◽

R. L. Levitt ◽

N. L. Hammond

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Disc Degeneration ◽

Cervical Disc ◽

History Of

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Analysis of Risk Factors for Spinal Pain: A Case Control Study of New Graduate Aviators Based on Imaging and Questionnaire Results.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-78076/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fang Xie ◽

Yachao Ma ◽

Zhipeng Tu ◽

Peipei Huang ◽

Zhe Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Disc Degeneration ◽

Lumbar Disc ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Spinal Pain ◽

Degenerative Changes ◽

Cervical Disc ◽

Lumbar Disc Degeneration ◽

Disc Protrusion ◽

New Graduate

Abstract Background: Disc degenerative diseases are common in occupational aviators exposed to long flight time and vibration during flight. The incidence of pathological and degenerative changes of spine in experienced pilots are widely studied and reported. However, few literatures focused on new graduate aviators. In this study we intended to describe imaging features of spine in new graduate aviators from flight academy and analyzed the risk factors for spinal pain.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 178 new graduate aviators. All received full-length lateral X-ray of spine and 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cervical and lumbar spine. Sagittal alignments were measured through X-ray imaging. The degenerative grade of disc was defined according to Miyazaki and Pfirrmann grading classifications. The prevalence of degenerative disc diseases was reported under disc nomenclatures. The incidence of spinal pain during the last 12 months of flight training was acquired from questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyses risk factors for spinal pain.Results: The whole cohort presented at least one level disc degeneration of Grade 2 in cervical or lumbar spine. 134 of 178 subjects (75.3%) showed at least one cervical disc degeneration in grade 3. 61 (34.3%) presented cervical disc bulging and 5 (3%) presented cervical disc protrusion. 110 (61.8%) aviators reported neck pain during the last 12 months. 53 of 178 (29.8%) volunteers had at least one lumbar disc degeneration in grade 3. 31 (17.4%) aviators presented lumbar disc bulging and 21 (11.8%) presented lumbar disc protrusion. 45 (25.3%) aviators reported back pain during the last 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed age, cervical disc degeneration and bulging were risk factors for neck pain; lumbar disc degeneration, bulging and protrusion were risk factors for back pain. Conclusions: Moderate degrees of disc degenerative changes and diseases of spine could be found in new graduate aviators at an early age. Disc degeneration and diseases correlate strongly with spinal pain. It is essential to recognize these pathological conditions to intervene in the occurrence and development of degenerative changes in aviators in advance.

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